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Year 5 Histopath > Neoplastic Bone Disease > Flashcards

Neoplastic Bone Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 malignant bone tumours

A 
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Giant cellOsteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Giant cellOsteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Giant cell
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2
Q

What age does osteosarcoma affect?

A

Adolescence

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3
Q

What age does chondrosarcoma affect?

A

> 40 years

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4
Q

What age does Ewing’s sarcoma affect?

A
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5
Q

What age does Giant cell affect?

A

20 - 40 years
F>M20 - 40 years
F>M20 - 40 years
F>M

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6
Q

Which area does osteosarcoma affect most commonly?

A

Knee

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7
Q

Which area does Chondrosarcoma affect most commonly?

A

Axial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvisAxial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvisAxial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvis

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8
Q

Which area does Ewing’s sarcoma affect most commonly?

A

Long bones
PelvisLong bones
PelvisLong bones
Pelvis

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9
Q

Which area does Giant cell affect most commonly?

A

Knee - epiphysis

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10
Q

What is the histology of osteosarcoma?

A

Malignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +veMalignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +veMalignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +ve

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11
Q

What is the histology of osteosarcoma?

A

Malignant chondrocytes

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12
Q

What is the histology of osteosarcoma?

A

Sheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocationSheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocationSheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocation

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13
Q

What is the histology of osteosarcoma?

A

Osteoclast-type multinucleate giant cells on background of spindle/ovoid cells

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14
Q

What is the appearance of osteosarcoma on X-ray?

A

Elevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearanceElevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearanceElevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearance

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15
Q

What is the appearance of Chondrosarcoma on X-ray?

A

Lytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeletonLytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeletonLytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeleton

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16
Q

What is the appearance of Ewing’s sarcoma on X-ray?

A

Onion skinning of perosteum

17
Q

What is the appearance of Giant cell on X-ray?

A

Lytic/lucent lesions right up to articular surface

18
Q

What is seen on X-ray for an osteoid osteoma?

A

Radiolucent nidus with sclerotic rim

19
Q

Which bones are affected in Osteoid Osteoma?

A

Tibia/Femur

20
Q

Which bones are affected in Osteoma?

A

Head + neck

21
Q

Which bones are affected in Enchondroma?

A

Hands 43%

22
Q

Which bones are affected in Osteochondroma?

A

Long bones
PelvisLong bones
Pelvis

23
Q

Which bones are affected in Fibrous dysplasia?

A

Femur

24
Q

Which bones are affected in simple bone cyst?

A

Humerus or femur

25
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteoblastoma?

A

Speckled mineralisation

26
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteoid osteoma?

A

Radiolucent nidus with sclerotic rim

27
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Enchondroma?

A 
Lytic lesion
Cotton wool calcification
Expansile
O ring signLytic lesion
Cotton wool calcification
Expansile
O ring sign
28
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteochondroma?

A

Well defined bony protuberance from bone

29
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Fibrous dysplasia?

A

Soap bubble osteolysis
Shepherds crook deformity
Soap bubble osteolysis
Shepherds crook deformity

30
Q

Which X-ray changes can be seen in Simple bone cyst?

A

Lytic well defined

31
Q

What can be seen in histology of Enchondroma?

A

Normal cartilage

32
Q

What can be seen in histology of Osteochondroma?

A

Cartilage capped bony outgrowth

33
Q

What can be seen in histology of Fibrous dysplasia?

A

Chinese letters (misshapen bone trabeculae)

34
Q

What are the special features of Osteoid Osteoma?

A

Small benign bone forming lesion

Night pain - relieved by aspirin

35
Q

What are the special features of Osteoma?

A

Bony outgrowths attached to normal bone

Gardner syndrome:
GI polyps + multiple osteomas + epidermoid cysts

36
Q

What are the special features of Enchondroma?

A

Benign tumours of cartilage

Ollier’s syndrome = multiple enchondromas

Maffuci syndrome = multiple enchondromas + haemangiomas

37
Q

What are the special features of Osteochondroma?

A

Cartilage capped bony outgrowth

Diaphyseal aclasis/heriditary multiple exostoses = multiple exotoses + short stature + bone deformities

38
Q

What are the special features of Fibrous dysplasia?

A

A bit of bone is replaced by fibrous tissue

Albright syndrome = polyostotic dysplasia + cafe au lait spots + precocious puberty

39
Q

What are the special features of Simple bone cyst?

A

Fluid filled unilocular

Year 5 Histopath (17 decks)

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