Neoplastic Bone Disease Flashcards
Name 4 malignant bone tumours
Osteosarcoma Chondrosarcoma Ewings sarcoma Giant cellOsteosarcoma Chondrosarcoma Ewings sarcoma Giant cellOsteosarcoma Chondrosarcoma Ewings sarcoma Giant cell
What age does osteosarcoma affect?
Adolescence
What age does chondrosarcoma affect?
> 40 years
What age does Ewing’s sarcoma affect?
What age does Giant cell affect?
20 - 40 years
F>M20 - 40 years
F>M20 - 40 years
F>M
Which area does osteosarcoma affect most commonly?
Knee
Which area does Chondrosarcoma affect most commonly?
Axial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvisAxial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvisAxial skeleton
Femur/tibia/pelvis
Which area does Ewing’s sarcoma affect most commonly?
Long bones
PelvisLong bones
PelvisLong bones
Pelvis
Which area does Giant cell affect most commonly?
Knee - epiphysis
What is the histology of osteosarcoma?
Malignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +veMalignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +veMalignant mesenchymal cells
ALP +ve
What is the histology of osteosarcoma?
Malignant chondrocytes
What is the histology of osteosarcoma?
Sheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocationSheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocationSheets of small round cells
CD99 +ve
T 11:22 translocation
What is the histology of osteosarcoma?
Osteoclast-type multinucleate giant cells on background of spindle/ovoid cells
What is the appearance of osteosarcoma on X-ray?
Elevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearanceElevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearanceElevated peristeum (codmans triangle)
Sunburst appearance
What is the appearance of Chondrosarcoma on X-ray?
Lytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeletonLytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeletonLytic lesion with fluffy calcification
Axial skeleton
What is the appearance of Ewing’s sarcoma on X-ray?
Onion skinning of perosteum
What is the appearance of Giant cell on X-ray?
Lytic/lucent lesions right up to articular surface
What is seen on X-ray for an osteoid osteoma?
Radiolucent nidus with sclerotic rim
Which bones are affected in Osteoid Osteoma?
Tibia/Femur
Which bones are affected in Osteoma?
Head + neck
Which bones are affected in Enchondroma?
Hands 43%
Which bones are affected in Osteochondroma?
Long bones
PelvisLong bones
Pelvis
Which bones are affected in Fibrous dysplasia?
Femur
Which bones are affected in simple bone cyst?
Humerus or femur
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteoblastoma?
Speckled mineralisation
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteoid osteoma?
Radiolucent nidus with sclerotic rim
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Enchondroma?
Lytic lesion Cotton wool calcification Expansile O ring signLytic lesion Cotton wool calcification Expansile O ring sign
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Osteochondroma?
Well defined bony protuberance from bone
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Fibrous dysplasia?
Soap bubble osteolysis
Shepherds crook deformity
Soap bubble osteolysis
Shepherds crook deformity
Which X-ray changes can be seen in Simple bone cyst?
Lytic well defined
What can be seen in histology of Enchondroma?
Normal cartilage
What can be seen in histology of Osteochondroma?
Cartilage capped bony outgrowth
What can be seen in histology of Fibrous dysplasia?
Chinese letters (misshapen bone trabeculae)
What are the special features of Osteoid Osteoma?
Small benign bone forming lesion
Night pain - relieved by aspirin
What are the special features of Osteoma?
Bony outgrowths attached to normal bone
Gardner syndrome:
GI polyps + multiple osteomas + epidermoid cysts
What are the special features of Enchondroma?
Benign tumours of cartilage
Ollier’s syndrome = multiple enchondromas
Maffuci syndrome = multiple enchondromas + haemangiomas
What are the special features of Osteochondroma?
Cartilage capped bony outgrowth
Diaphyseal aclasis/heriditary multiple exostoses = multiple exotoses + short stature + bone deformities
What are the special features of Fibrous dysplasia?
A bit of bone is replaced by fibrous tissue
Albright syndrome = polyostotic dysplasia + cafe au lait spots + precocious puberty
What are the special features of Simple bone cyst?
Fluid filled unilocular
