Neoplasia: Terminology I and II

Question 1

Neoplasia:

Answer 1

Abnormal collection of new cells resulting from genetic changes that enabled autonomous/unregulated proliferation.

Question 2

Hallmark of malignancy:

Answer 2

Ability to metastasize.

Question 3

Sarcoma:

Answer 3

Malignant mesenchyme.

Question 4

Lymphoma:

Answer 4

Malignant lymphoid tissue, white blood cells in one place.

Question 5

Leukemia:

Answer 5

Malignant white blood cells floating in the blood stream.

Question 6

Melanoma:

Answer 6

Malignant melanocytes.

Question 7

Glioma:

Answer 7

Malignant brain/CNS.

Question 8

Mesothelioma:

Answer 8

Malignant mesothelial cells.

Question 9

Seminoma:

Answer 9

Subtype of malignant germ cells (in testes).

Question 10

Carcinoma:

Answer 10

Epithelial derived.

Question 11

Adenocarcinoma:

Answer 11

Malignant glands.

Question 12

Papillary carcinoma:

Answer 12

Malignant finger-like projections.

Question 13

Teratoma:

Answer 13

Cells of greater than 1 germ cell layer; from totipotential cells.

Question 14

Hamartoma:

Answer 14

Right cells for the right place, but with the wrong arrangement.

Question 15

Choristoma:

Answer 15

The wrong cells in the wrong place, but with the right arrangement.

Question 16

Anaplasia:

Answer 16

Lack of differentiation: less well differentiated tumor.

Question 17

Pleomorphism:

Answer 17

Many sizes, many shapes of tumor cells. Poor uniformity.

Question 18

Metaplasia:

Answer 18

Replacement of one normal cell type with a different normal cell type.

Question 19

Dysplasia:

Answer 19

A neoplastic replacement of normal cells by abnormal cells.

Question 20

Carcinoma in situ

Answer 20

• Marked pleomorphism.
• Full thickness changes in the epithelium.
• No invasion of basement membrane.

Question 21

TNM System:

Answer 21

Tumor staging:
T: tumor size and extent of invasion.
N: lymph nodes: number and location involved.
M: metastasis.

Question 22

Rate of growth is limited by (3):

Answer 22

• Doubling time.
• Growth fraction.
• Rate cells are shed or die.

Question 23

Cancer stem cell:

Answer 23

Has stem cell-like properties with immortality.

Question 24

Warburg effect:

Answer 24

Tumors lack oxygen dependent ATP generation from mitochondria and rely on aerobic glycolysis.
- Use large amounts of glucose regardless of O2 levels.