Aspirin, NSAIDs, Acetaminophen and Gold Flashcards
Prostacyclin’s actions on circulation (2):
- Powerful vasodilator.
- Inhibits platelet aggregation.
Prostacyclin’s actions on airways:
Powerful bronchodilator.
Prostacyclin’s actions on GI (2):
- Inhibits gastric acid secretion.
- Increases mucus secretion.
Prostacyclin’s actions on renal function (2):
- Enhances excretion of Na+ and water.
- Increases GFR and blood flow.
Prostacyclin’s actions on the uterus:
Relaxes uterine muscle.
Prostacyclin’s actions on pain:
Induces pain by lowering threshold of nociceptors.
Prostaglandin’s actions on circulation:
Vasodilation
Prostaglandin’s actions on platelets (2):
- Low concentration: enhances aggregation.
- High concentration: inhibits aggregation.
Prostaglandin’s actions on airway:
Bronchodilator.
Prostaglandin’s actions on GI (2):
- Inhibits gastric acid secretion.
- Increases mucus secretion.
Prostaglandin’s actions on renal function (2):
- Enhances excretion of Na+ and water.
- Increases GFR and blood flow.
Prostaglandin’s actions on the uterus (2):
- High concentrations: Relaxes uterine smooth muscle.
- Low concentrations: Increase contraction.
Prostaglandin’s actions on fever:
PGE2 is a direct pyrogen in the hypothalamus. IL-1 increases PGE2 levels.
Thromboxane’s actions on circulation (2):
- Vasoconstriction.
- Stimulates platelet aggregation.
Thromboxane’s actions on the lungs:
Bronchoconstriction.
Thromboxane’s actions on the uterus:
Uterine muscle contraction.
PGF2(alpha) (4):
- Vasoconstrictor.
- Contracts airway smooth muscle cells.
- Contracts uterine smooth muscle.
- Decreases intraocular pressure.
Misoprostol:
PGE1 analogue.
Misoprostol use:
Inhibits gastric acid secretion, reduces risk of peptic ulcer in patients taking NSAIDs.
Misoprostol contraindication:
Pregnancy.
Latanoprost:
- PGF2(alpha) analogue.
- Ophthalmic preparation for open angle glaucoma.
- Increases uveoscleral outflow.
Alprostadil:
- PGE1.
- Temporarily maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus.
- Constant IV infusion.
Zafirlukast/montelukast MOA (2):
- Competitive LTD4 receptor antagonist.
- Inhibit bronchoconstriction and vascular permeability.
Zafirlukast/montelukast use (3):
- Prophylactic treatment of asthma.
- Z > 5
- M > 1
- Allergic rhinitis.
- M: aspirin sensitivity induced asthma.
Zafirlukast/montelukast adverse effects (2):
- Headache.
- Z: pharyngitis.
Zafirlukast drug interactions:
P450 inhibitor (Warfarin).
Zileuton MOA:
Inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.
- Inhibits synthesis of all leukotrienes.
Zileuton use:
Prophylaxis for asthma in adults ( > 12).
Zileuton ADR:
Elevated liver enzymes.
Non-selective NSAIDs (5):
- Aspirin
- Indomethacin
- Ibuprofen
- Ketorolac
- Diclofenac
Selective cox-2 inhibitor:
Celecoxib
Aspirin MOA (2):
- Irreversibly inhibits cyclo-oxygenase.
- Acetylates the enzyme.
Aspirin ADRs (3):
- GI: pain, ulceration and hemorrhage.
- Urate excretion varies with dose.
- Risk of Reyes syndrome in children (after viral infection).
Only NSAID approved for moderate to severe pain:
Ketorlolac.
NSAID used in closure of ductus arteriosus:
Indomethacin.
Gold salts MOA (3):
- Inhibit maturation and function of phagocytes and T cells.
- Decrease levels of rheumatoid factor.
- Inhibits migration and phagocytosis of macrophages.
