Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MOD Exam 2 > Neoplasia tables > Flashcards

Neoplasia tables Flashcards

1
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the oral cavity, head and neck?

What is a cancer in this area likely secondary to?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the lungs

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most common cancer of the prostate?

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the liver

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What major forms of underlying cancer are associated wtih hypertrophic osteoarthropathy?

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

Thymic neoplasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the cervix

What is the cancer likely a result of?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the pancreas

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Follicular lymphoma arises from what translocation?

What are the affected genes?

A

(14;18)(q32;q21)

  • IGH* 14q32
  • BCL2* 18q21
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene ERBB1 (EGFR) are associated with what cancer?

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What major forms of underlying cancer are associated wtih acanthosis nigricans?

A

Gastric, lung and uterine carcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the ovaries

A

Adenocarcinoma-type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene CDH1 are associated with familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Familial gastric cancer

Gastric carcinoma, lobular breast carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

HCG is a tumor marker for what tumor types?

A

Testicular tumors

Trophoblastic tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SNF5 is an epigenomic regulatory gene involved in nucleosome positioning/chromatin remodeling, what tumor is associated with a mutation in this gene?

What is the frequency?

A

Malignant rhabdoid tumor

100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene APC are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Familial colonic polyps and carcinomas

Sporadic carcinomas of the stomach, colon, pancreas; melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene MSH are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Hereditary nonpolyposis colon carcinoma

Colonic and endometrial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene KRAS are associated with what cancer type?

A

Colon, lung, pancreatic carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What major forms of underlying cancer are associated wtih venous thrombosis?

A

Pancreatic and bronchogenic carcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the breast

A

Ductal carcinoma (an adenocarcinoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the brain?

A

Glioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The most common endocrinopathy associated paraneoplastic syndrome is cushing syndrome, what are the major underlying cancers?

A

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

pancreatic carcinoma

Neural tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Benzene exposure leads to what cancer?

Where can one be exposed to benzene?

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Light oil, printing, paint, rubber, dry cleaning, adhesives and coatings, detergents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the kidney

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of bone marrow/circulation

A

Leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What translocation is associated with Ewing Sarcoma?

A

(11;22)(q24;q11)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Cadmium, commonly found in batteries, metal platings and coatings, is associated with what cancer?

A

Prostate carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

p53 is considered the guardian of the genome because its main function is to?

A

Regulate cell cycle progression, DNA repair, cellular senescence, and apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene RB are associated with familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Familial retinoblastoma syndrome (retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma, other sarcomas)

Retinoblastoma; osteosarcoma; carcinomas of the breast, colon and lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Mantle cell lymphoma arises from what translocation?

A

(11;14)(q13;q32)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker used to look for what cancer?

A

Carcinomas of the colon, pancreas, lung, stomach and heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

MLL1 is an epigenomic regulatory gene involved in histone methylation, what tumor is associated with a mutation in this gene?

What is the frequency?

A

Acute leukemia in infants

90%

32
Q

Chronic myeloid leukemia arises from what translocation?

What genes are involved

A

(9;22)(q34;q11)

  • ABL* 9q34
  • BCR* 22q11
33
Q

RB is considered to be the governor of the cell cycle because its main function is to?

A

Regulate progression through the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint

34
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the stomach

A

Adenocarcinoma

35
Q

Amplifications in the proto-oncogene NMYC are associated with what cancer type?

A

Neuroblastoma

36
Q

Arsenic and arsenic compounds which can be found in the by-products of metal smelting, herbicides, naturally in soil and water, and certain medications can lead to what type of cancer?

A

Lung carcinoma

Skin carcinoma

37
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene NRAS are associated with what tumor type?

A

Melanomas

Hematologic malignancies

38
Q

Amplifications in the proto-oncogene ERBB2 (HER) are associated with what cancer type?

A

Breast carcinoma

39
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF1 are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Neuroblastoma, Juvenile myeloid leukemia

40
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene PTCH are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Gorlin syndrome (basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, several benign tumors)

Basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma

41
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the skin?

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma
  2. Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. Malignant melanoma
42
Q

Point mutations in the proto-oncogene ABL are associated with what cancer type?

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

43
Q

Acute myeloid leukemia results from what translocation?

A

(8;21)(q22;q22)

(15;17)(q22;q21)

44
Q

Chromium compounds commonly found in metal alloys, paints, pigments and preservatives are associated with what cancer?

A

Lung carcinoma

45
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the bladder

A

Transitional cell carcinoma (uroepithelial)

46
Q

Translocations in the proto-oncogene ABL are associated with what cancer type?

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

47
Q

Exposure to beryllium through missel fuels and space vehicles predisoposes a person to development of what cancer?

A

Lung carcinoma

48
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the esophagus

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

49
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene HRAS are associated with what tumor type?

A

Bladder and kidney tumors

50
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene BRAF are associated with what cancer type?

A

Melanomas

Leukemias

Colon carcinoma

others

51
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene VHL are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Von Hippel Lindau syndrome (cerebellar hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma, renal cell carcinoma)

Renal cell carcinoma

52
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of regional lymph nodes

A

Lymphoma

53
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the testes

A

Cancers of germ cell origin

54
Q

Radon, a derivative of uranium, is often associated with what cancer type?

A

Lung carcinoma
Second most common cause of lung CA behind smoking

55
Q

α-fetoprotein is a tumor marker used to assess for what?

A

Liver cell cancer, germ cell tumors of the testes

56
Q

PSA is a tumor marker for what tumor type?

A

Prostate

57
Q

What are the common sites of solid tumor metastases?

A

Liver

Lungs

Bone

Brain

58
Q

Vinyl chloride, a common refrigerant, is associated with what cancer?

A

Hepatic angiosarcoma

59
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene ALK are associated with what cancer type?

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

Some lymphomas

Neuroblastoma

60
Q

What major forms of underlying cancer are associated with DIC?

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

Prostatic carcinoma

61
Q

Burkitt lymphoma results from a MYC translocation. What is the translocation?

What are the affected genes?

A

(8;14)(q24;q32)

  • MYC* 8q24
  • IGH* 14q32
62
Q

MLL2 is an epigenomic regulatory gene involved in histone methylation, what tumor is associated with a mutation in this gene?

What is the frequency?

A

Follicular lymphoma

90%

63
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Most human cancers
TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers

64
Q

Immunoglobulins are used as tumor markers to assess for what cancers?

A

Multiple myeloma

Other gammopathies

65
Q

Amplifications or point mutations in the proto-oncogene CDK4 are associated with what cancer type?

A

Glioblastoma

Melanoma

Sarcoma

66
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF2 are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

Schwannoma, meningioma

67
Q

Hypercalcemia, the most common paraneoplastic syndrome, results from what underlying cancers?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

Breast carcinoma

Renal carcinoma

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

68
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the spleen?

A

There is no primary cancer of the spleen

69
Q

Asbestos exposure leads to what types of cancer?

Where can one be exposed to asbestos?

A

Lung, esophageal, gastric and colon carcinoma, mesothelioma

Existing construction, fire-resistant textiles, brake linings, underlayment of roof and floor tiles

70
Q

Translocations in the proto-oncogene MYC are associated with what cancer type?

A

Burkitt lymphoma

71
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1/BRCA2 are associated with familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Familial breast and ovarian carcinoma; carcinomas of the male breast, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BRCA2)

Sporadic cancers: rare

72
Q

Do leukemias and lymphomas metastasize?

A

NO

73
Q

Nickel compounds are associated with what cancers?

Where can one be exposed to nickel?

A

Lung and oropharyngeal cancer

Nickel plating; ferrous alloys, ceramics and batteries; by-product of stainless-steel arc welding

74
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the female adnexa?

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

75
Q

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene WT1 are associated with what familial syndrome and what cancer type?

A

Familial Wilms tumor

Wilms tumor, certain leukemias

76
Q

Most common primary tumor/cancer of the large bowel (colon)

A

adenocarcinoma

MOD Exam 2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions