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Musculoskeletal Physiopathology > Neoplasia of Bone Tissues Preface > Flashcards

Neoplasia of Bone Tissues Preface Flashcards

1
Q

Neoplasia may have a genetic factor including mutation contributing to unregulated cell division:

A
  • Oncogenes
  • Tumor suppressor genes
  • Anti-apoptotic/pro-apoptotic genes
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2
Q

Which pathologies are risk factors for neoplasia?

A
  • Pagets
  • Chronic infection
  • Fibrous dysplasia
  • Some benign tumors
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3
Q

What are some risk factors for neoplasia?

A
  • Certain pathologies
  • Chemotherapy/radiation therapy
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4
Q

Genes that produce proteins which regulate cellular replication by slowing proliferation are called ___

A

tumor suppressor genes

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5
Q

Primary bone tumors originate in…

A

a bone tissue cell line

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6
Q

Which cell lines are included in bone tissue cell lines?

A
  • Bone
  • Cartilage
  • Fibroblast
  • Blood cells/vessels
  • Marrow
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7
Q

The majority of primary bone tumors occur in ___ or ___

A

distal femur or proximal tibia

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8
Q

Which bone tumors are metastatic?

A

Secondary bone tumors

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9
Q

Secondary bone tumors originate in…

A

another tissue and spread to bone

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10
Q

What are the metastatic routes of spread?

A
  • Hematogenous
  • Lymphatic
  • Direct extension
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11
Q

What are the border/margins for benign bone tumors?
Malignant bone tumors?

A

Well-defined for benign
Ill-defined for malignant

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12
Q

What is the rate of growth for benign bone tumors?
Malignant bone tumors?

A

Slow for benign
Rapid/aggressive for malignant

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13
Q

What is the cellular function of benign bone tumors?
Malignant bone tumors?

A

Non cancerous growths for benign, mostly normal cellular functions
Abnormal or disrupted cellular function for malignant

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14
Q

Are benign bone tumors painful?

A

Usually not associated with pain

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15
Q

Are malignant tumors painful?

A

Usually associated with pain possibly with insidious onset

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16
Q

Do benign bone tumors metastasize?
Do malignant bone tumors?

A

Benign do not
Malignant can

17
Q

What are the lab findings for a benign bone tumor?

A

Normal lab findings

18
Q

How does a benign bone tumor appear radiographically?

A

Non-aggressive:

  • No soft tissue involvement
  • Cortex intact
  • Periosteum unaffected
  • Short/narrow zone of transition (well defined boundary)
19
Q

Which type of bone tumor is possibly associated with other cardinal signs of inlammation?

A

Malignant bone tumors

20
Q

What are the lab findings for a malignant bone tumor?

A

Abnormal lab findings:

  • Elevated ESR
  • Elevated C-reactive protein
  • Anemia
  • Abnormal WBC counts
21
Q

How does a malignant bone tumor appear radiographically?

A

Aggressive:

  • Soft tissue involvement
  • Cortex disruption
  • Periosteal disruption, lifting, etc.
  • Long/wide zone of transition (poorly defined boundary)
22
Q

What are some methods of diagnosis for bone tumors?

A
  • Presence of pathological fracture
  • Radiographic evidence
  • Other imaging
  • Tissue biopsy
23
Q

By what characteristic are tumors classified?

A

Cell-line or matrix they produce

24
Q

The prefix of a tumor name indicates ___
The suffix indicates ___

A

prefix = tissue of origin
suffix = benign or malignant (-oma or -sarcoma)

25
Q

According to nomenclature rules, what is the meaning of chondroma?

A

Benign tumor of cartilage cells

26
Q

A patient with a ___ primary bone tumor will frequently present with pain and possibly swelling

A

malignant

27
Q

True or False:
An individual with a malignant neoplasia may have an elevated ESR

A

True

28
Q

Which benign bone tumors are bone forming?

A
  • Osteoma
  • Osteoid osteoma
  • Osteoblastoma
29
Q

Which benign bone tumors are cartilage forming?

A
  • Osteochondroma
  • Chondroma
  • Chondroblastoma
30
Q

Which benign bone tumors are of unknown origin?

A

Giant cell tumors

Musculoskeletal Physiopathology (15 decks)

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