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PBD > Neoplasia (chapter 7) > Flashcards

Neoplasia (chapter 7) Flashcards

1
Q

ERBB1 (EGFR)

A

adenocarcinoma of the lung

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2
Q

ERBB2 (HER)

A

breast carcinoma

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3
Q

RET

A

multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and 2B

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4
Q

PDGFRB

A

gliomas

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5
Q

KIT

A

gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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6
Q

ALK

A

adenocarcinoma of the lung

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7
Q

KRAS

A

colon, lung, pancreatic cancers

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8
Q

NRAS

A

melanomas, hematologic malignancies

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9
Q

GNAS

A

pituitary adenoma, other endocrine tumors

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10
Q

(bcr) ABL

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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11
Q

BRAF

A

melanomas

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12
Q

JAK2

A

myeloproliferative disorders

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13
Q

C-MYC

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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14
Q

N-MYC

A

neuroblastoma

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15
Q

L-MYC

A

small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma of lung

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16
Q

CCND1 (cyclin D)

A

mantle cell lymphoma

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17
Q

(9;22)(q34;q11)/BCR-ABL

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

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18
Q

(8;14)(q24;q32)/C-MYC

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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19
Q

(11;22)(q24;q12)/FLI1/EWSR1

A

Ewing sarcoma

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20
Q

CDK4/D cyclins (gene function)

A

phosphorylate RB, allow cell to progress through G1 restriction point

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21
Q

INK4/ARF family (CDKN2A-C) (gene function)

A

p16/INK4a - binds cyclinD/CDK4, promotes inhibitory effects of RB
p14/ARF - increases p53 levels

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22
Q

RB (gene function)

A

tumor suppressor; prevents G1/S transition

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23
Q

p53 (gene function)

A

tumor suppressor; causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

required for G1/S checkpoint, main component of G2/M checkpoint

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24
Q

NF1

A

neurofibromatosis type 1 (neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors)

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25
Q

NF2

A

neurofibromatosis type 2 (acoustic schwannoma, meningioma)

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26
Q

PTCH

A

Gorlin syndrome (basal cell carcinoma)

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27
Q

PTEN

A

Cowden syndrome

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28
Q

RB

A

retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

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29
Q

VHL

A

von Hippel Lindau syndrome (renal cell carcinoma)

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30
Q

E-cadherin

A

familial gastric cancer

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31
Q

TP53

A

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

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32
Q

BRCA1, BRCA2

A

familial breast and ovarian carcinoma

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33
Q

WT1

A

familial Wilms tumor

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34
Q

MEN1

A

multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (pituitary, parathyroid, and pancreatic endocrine tumors)

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35
Q

Cushing syndrome (paraneoplastic)

A

small-cell carcinoma of lung; ACTH

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36
Q

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) (paraneoplastic)

A

small-cell carcinoma of lung; ADH

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37
Q

Hypercalcemia (paraneoplastic)

A

squamous cell carcinoma of lung; parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP), TGF-alpha, TNF, IL-1

38
Q

Polycythemia (paraneoplastic)

A

gastric, renal carcinoma; erythropoietin

39
Q

Carcinoid syndrome (paraneoplastic)

A

serotonin, bradykinin

40
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

thymic neoplasms

41
Q

Acanthosis nigricans

A

gastric, lung, uterine carcinomas; immunological, secretion of epidermal growth factor

42
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

bronchogenic, breast carcinoma; immunological

43
Q

Venous thrombosis (Trousseau phenomenon)

A

pancreatic carcinoma; tumor products (mucins that activate clotting)

44
Q

DIC

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia, prostatic carcinoma; tumor products that activate clotting

45
Q

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis

A

advanced cancers; hypercoagulability

46
Q

aflatoxin B1

A

liver cancer (via p53 inactivation)

47
Q

betel nuts

A

oral cancer

48
Q

arsenic/compounds

A

skin carcinoma

49
Q

asbestos

A

lung, esophageal, gastric, colon carcinomas; mesothelioma

50
Q

benzene

A

acute myeloid leukemia

51
Q

radon/decay products

A

lung carcinoma

52
Q

vinyl chloride

A

hepatic angiosarcoma

53
Q

HTLV-1

A

adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

54
Q

HBV/HCV

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

55
Q

HPV

A

papillomas, carcinomas of cervix, anus, penis, and oropharynx

56
Q

HHV-8

A

Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma

57
Q

EBV

A

Burkitt lymphoma, Hodkin lymhoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma

58
Q

CMV (HHV-5)

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

59
Q

Merkel cell polyomavirus

A

Merkel cell carcinoma

60
Q

Aspergillus

A

aflotoxin B1-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

61
Q

Schistosoma heamatobium

A

bladder cancer

62
Q

Schistosoma japonicum

A

colon cancer

63
Q

Opisthorchis viverrini

A

cholangiocarcinoma

64
Q

Helicobacter pylori

A

extranodal marginal zone (MALT) lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma

65
Q

MSH2, MLH1, MSH6

A

hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

66
Q

LKB1=STK11

A

Peutz-Jegher syndrome (epithelial cancers)

67
Q

MEN1

A

Wermer syndrome (pancreatic tumors, pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia)

68
Q

MEN2A

A

Sipple syndrome (medullary thyroid carcinoma)

69
Q

asbestosis, silicosis

A

mesothelioma, lung carcinoma

70
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

colorectal carcinoma

71
Q

lichen sclerosus et atrophicus

A

vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

72
Q

chronic pancreatitis

A

pancreatic carcinoma (d/t alcoholism)

73
Q

bronchitis

A

lung carcinoma (asbestos, smoking)

74
Q

reflux esophagitis, Barrett esophagus

A

esophageal carcinoma (gastric acids)

75
Q

Sjögren syndrome, Hashimoto thyroiditis

A

MALT lymphoma

76
Q

Opisthorchis viverrini (liver fluke)

A

cholangiocarcinoma

77
Q

gastritis/ulcers

A

gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT (d/t H. pylori)

78
Q

hepatitis

A

hepatocellular carcinoma (d/t HBV/HCV)

79
Q

osteomyelitis

A

carcinoma in draining sinuses

80
Q

chronic cervicitis

A

cervical carcinoma (d/t HPV)

81
Q

chronic cystitis

A

bladder carcinoma (d/t schistosomiasis, chronic urinary catheters)

82
Q

hCG (marker)

A

trophoblastic tumors, nonseminomatous testicular tumors

83
Q

calcitonin (marker)

A

medullary carcinoma of thyroid

84
Q

catecholamine and metabolites (marker)

A

pheochromocytoma

85
Q

alpha fetoprotein (marker)

A

liver cell cancer, nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of testis

86
Q

carcinoembryonic antigen (marker)

A

carcinomas of colon, pancreas, lung, stomach, heart

87
Q

prostatic acid phosphatase (marker)

A

prostate cancer

88
Q

neuron-specific enolase (marker)

A

small-cell cancer of lung, neuroblastoma

89
Q

immunoglobulins (marker)

A

multiple myeloma, other gammopathies

90
Q

PSA (marker)

A

prostate cancer

91
Q

CA-125 (marker)

A

ovarian cancer

PBD (3 decks)

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