Microbiology Buzz Words Flashcards
1
Q
tampon use
A
toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1 from Staph aureus)
2
Q
tricuspid valve endocarditis in IV drug user
A
Staph aureus
3
Q
endocarditis with prosthetic heart valve
A
Staph epidermidis
4
Q
body rash that spares palms and soles
A
scarlet fever (Strep pyogenes)
5
Q
brown urine ~2 weeks post strep infection
A
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (Strep pyogenes)
6
Q
rust-colored sputum
A
Strep pneumoniae
7
Q
Janeway lesions, Osler’s nodes, Roth’s spots, and splinter hemorrhages under fingernails
A
Strep viridans
8
Q
food poisoning after eating reheated fried rice
A
Bacillus cereus
9
Q
widened mediastinum on CXR
A
Bacillus anthracis
10
Q
necrotic cutaneous eschar with edema
A
Bacillus anthracis
11
Q
tennis racket/drumstick shaped endospore
A
Clostridium tetani
12
Q
any involvement with rusty nails, barbed wire, soil, etc.
A
Clostridium tetani
13
Q
“floppy baby” after ingesting honey
A
Clostridium botulinum
14
Q
recent clindamycin use
A
Clostridium difficile
15
Q
deep wounds caused by military service, motorcycle accidents, or other major trauma
A
Clostridium perfringens
16
Q
bull neck
A
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
17
Q
“chinese letters” under microscope
A
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
18
Q
tumbling motility at low temperature
A
Listeria monocytogenes
19
Q
sulfur granules present in patient with sinus formation
A
Actinomyces israelii
20
Q
violin string adhesions
A
Neisseria gonnorhoeae
21
Q
red currant jelly sputum
A
Klebsiella pneumoniae
22
Q
3 As of Klebsiella
A
alcoholics, aspiration, abscesses
23
Q
pea soup diarrhea
A
Salmonella typhi
24
Q
turtles and chickens are main reservoir
A
Salmonella enteriditis
25
green colonies on Hektoen agar
Shigella dysenteriae
26
metallic green on EMB agar
Escherichia coli
27
prairie dogs and rats are main reservoir
Yersinia pestis
28
rice water diarrhea
Vibrio cholerae
29
metallic green on blood agar with fruity odor
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
30
swarming motility
Proteus mirabilis
31
high pH urine with fishy odor
Proteus mirabilis
32
normally produces vitamin K for host
Bacteroides fragilis
33
grows on Bordet-Gengou medium
Bordatella pertussis
34
requires hematin (X factor) and NAD (V factor) to grow
Haemophilus influenzae
35
most common gram-negative causes of endocarditis in non-IV drug users
```
HACEK group
H - Haemophilus
A - Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
C - Cardiobacterium
E - Eikenella
K - Kingella
```
36
requires silver stain for visualization
Legionella pneumophila
37
grown on buffered charcoal yeast extract with added cysteine and iron
Legionella pneumophila
38
cat scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
39
trench fever
Bartonella quintana
40
undulating fever
Brucella species
41
rabbits are main reservoir
Francisella tularensis
42
transmission through dog or cat bites
Pasteurella multocida
43
Ghon complexes visualized on CXR
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
44
main reservoir is armadillos
Mycobacterium leprae
45
only approved use of thalidomide in US
Mycobacterium leprae
46
visualized through Wright or Giemsa stain
Borrelia burgdorferi
47
relapsing fever (fever every ~8 days followed by drenching sweats)
Borrelia recurrentis
48
ice tong morphology
Leptospira interrogans
49
transplacental infectious agents
```
TORCHES
T - Toxoplasma gondii
O - others
R - Rubella
C - Cytomegalovirus
HE - Herpes, (HIV)
S - Syphilis
```
50
requires dark field microscopy to visualize
Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
51
possible complication includes Reiter's syndrome ("can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree")
Chlamydia trachomatis
52
only rickettsial disease without a skin rash
Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
53
only bacteria without a cell wall
Mycoplasma species
54
produce cold agglutinins
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
55
fried egg appearance of colonies
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
56
rash sparing hands, head, and feet
Rickettsia prowazekii (endemic typhus)
57
main reservoir is flying squirrels
Rickettsia prowazekii
58
rash that spreads centrally from extremities
Rickettsia rickettsii
59
spread by Dermacentor tick
Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever)
60
spread by chiggers (mite larvae)
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
61
flaccid paralysis
Picornaviridae enterovirus (poliovirus)
62
hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Picornaviridae enterovirus (coxsackievirus A)
63
smoker with a viral illness who suddenly doesn't want to smoke
Picornaviridae enterovirus (hepatitis A virus)
64
lots of diarrhea on cruise/Navy ship
Caliciviridae calicivirus (norovirus)
65
lots of dead crows
Flaviviridae flavivirus (West Nile virus)
66
cryoglobulin formation
Flaviviridae (hepatitis C virus)
67
descending rash after fever
Togaviridae rubivirus (rubella virus)
68
endemic to Native American populations
HTLV-2
69
only RNA virus that replicates in nucleus
Orthomyxovirus (influenza)
70
Reyes syndrome after administration of aspirin -> underlying disease?
Orthomyxovirus (influenza) or Herpesviridae varicellovirus (chickenpox)
71
Koplik's spots (small red based blue-white centered lesions in mouth)
Paramyxoviridae morbillivirus (measles/rubeola)
72
croup with steeple sign on CXR
Paramyxoviridae paramyxovirus/rubuluvirus (croup)
73
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
Paramyxoiridae morbillivirus (measles/rubeola)
74
only live viral vaccine that can be given to HIV(+) patients
MMR
75
Warthin-Finkeldey cells (multinucleated giant cells with inclusion bodies in nucleus and cytoplasm)
pathopneumonic for measles
76
Negri bodies (eosinophilic collections of virions in cytoplasm) in hippcampus, Purkinje cells
pathopneumonic for rabies
77
contact with mouse urine/feces
Bunyaviridae hantavirus
78
grainy appearance on microscopy
Arenaviridae arenavirus
79
only dsRNA virus
REOvirus (Respiratory Enteric Orphan)
80
only virus with ribozyme genome
hepatitis D virus
81
Tzanck prep reveals multinucleated giant cells and intranuclear inclusion bodies called Cowdry bodies
Herpesviridae simplexvirus (HSV 1/2)
82
elevated heterophile Abs and atypical (Downey) lymphocytes on blood smear
Herpesviridae lymphocryptovirus (Epstein-Barr virus)
83
maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin/ampicillin
Herpesviridae lymphocryptovirus (Epstein-Barr virus)
84
pizza pie appearance on ophthlamoscopy
Herpesviridae cytomegalovirus retinitis
85
most common viral cause of mental retardation in US
Herpesviridae cytomegalovirus
86
owl's eye intranuclear inclusions found in tissues/urine
Herpesviridae cytomegalovirus
87
"dew drops on a rose petal" rash appearance
Herpesviridae variellovirus and HSV1/2
88
post-coital bleeding: buzzword for?
cervical cancer (likely HPV 16 or 18 infection)
89
only ssDNA (-) virus
Parvoviridae erythrovirus (parvovirus B19)
90
five most common pediatric diseases with rash
```
measles
rubella
scarlet ever
roseola
erythema infectiosum/5th disease
```
91
slapped cheek rash
parvovirus B19/erythema infectiosum
92
only DNA virus that replicates in cytoplasm
Poxviridae
93
dumbbell shaped core
Poxviridae orthopoxvirus (smallpox)
94
only partially dsDNA virus
Hepadnaviridae orthohepadnavirus (hepatitis B virus)
95
Mississippi river valley and bat caves
Histoplasmosis
96
Mississippi river valley up to the Great Lakes
Blastomycosis
97
broad based budding
Blastomycosis
98
Southwestern United States (fungus)
Coccidioides
99
spaghetti and meatballs appearance on KOH prep
Malassezia furfur
100
fluorescence under Wood's (UV) light
Microsporum species (tinea)
101
cigar shaped budding yeast
Sporothrix schenckii
102
acute angle branching, septated hyphae with fruiting body morphology
Aspergillus
103
substance found in peanuts, grains, and rice
Aflatoxin (associated with Aspergillus)
104
pigeon droppings
Cryptococcus
105
requires India ink stain to visualize
Cryptococcus
106
"soap bubble lesions" in brain on imaging
Cryptococcus
107
mucicarmine or silver stain to visualize
Cryptococcus
108
broad, non-septate, right angle branching hyphae
Mucormycosis/rhizopus
109
flying saucer appearing fungus
Pneumocystis jiroveci
110
ground glass appearance of lungs on CXR
Pneumocystic jiroveci
111
"anchovy paste" within liver abscesses
Entamoeba histolytica
112
trophozoites with endocytosed RBCs
Entamoeba histolytica
113
cat feces
Toxoplasma gondii
114
ring enhancing lesions in brain on MRI
Toxoplasma gondii
115
"Swiss cheese" appearance on head CT
Neurocysticercosis (caused by Taenia ingestion)
116
unique Gram (+) with endotoxin?
Listeria
117
salmon tinged sputum
Staph aureus
118
#1 cause of contaminated blood cultures
Staph epidermidis
119
poultry, eggs, or reptiles
Salmonella
120
rose spots on abdomen
Salmonella
121
symptoms appear much like appendicitis/mesenteric lymphadenitis
Yersinia enterocolitica
122
burn patient
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
123
viral syndrome + conjunctivitis
adenovirus
124
moth eaten esophagus
Candida esophagitis
125
impressively unimpressive CSF with a really high opening pressure
Cryptococcus
126
"Valley fever"
Coccidioidomycosis
127
mariner's wheel on culture
Paracoccidioides brasilliensis (South American blastomycosis)
128
coin lesion on lung imaging
Dirofilaria immitis
129
Salmonella in urine means what?
look for Schistosomiasis infection (Schisto is itself colonized by Salmonella!)
130
seizure in a Mexican
Neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium)
131
smoker and COPD
Haemophilus influenzae
132
Streptococcus bovis
GI malignancy
