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Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

A cell that has an altered appearance and function but can return to normal is…

A

Dysplastic

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2
Q

A cell that has an altered appearance and function but can’t return to normal is…

A

Neoplastic

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3
Q

All neoplasia is caused by…

A

Mutations of the cell DNA

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4
Q

Neoplasia is less common in food animals because?

A

Food animals are eaten when they are young and neoplasia is more common in older animals

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5
Q

Programmed cell death is called…

A

Apoptosis

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6
Q

A benign neoplasm cannot…

A

Invade surrounding tissue, so can’t metastasise

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7
Q

A malignant neoplasm….

A

Invades surrounding tissue and can spread around the body

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8
Q

When a neoplasm spreads to a distant location in the body this is

A

Metastasis

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9
Q

The process of a cell changing from normal to neoplastic…

A

Transformation

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10
Q

Oncogenes

A

Code for proteins that promote cell growth and division

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11
Q

Genes that code for proteins that promote cell growth and division are

A

Oncogenes

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12
Q

Genes that code for proteins that protect against transformation

A

Tumour supressor genes

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13
Q

A malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands is a

A

Salivary Adenocarcinoma

  • Where: Salivary
  • Malignant: carcinoma
  • Of gland: adenocarcinoma
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14
Q

A salivary adenoma is a

A

Benign neoplasm of the salivary glands

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15
Q

A malignant neoplasm of squamous epithelium

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

A squamous papilloma is

A

A benign neoplasm of squamous epithelium

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17
Q

A malignant neoplasm of the transitional epithelium of the bladder

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

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18
Q

A benign neoplasm of hepatocytes

A

Hepatoma

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19
Q

A hepatocellular carcinoma is a

A

Malignant neoplasm of hepatocytes

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20
Q

A pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a

A

Malignant neoplasm of the exocrine pancreas

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21
Q

A malignant neoplasm of the bile ducts is called a

A

Cholangiocellular adenocarcinoma

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22
Q

A benign neoplasm of fibroblasts is called a

A

Fibroma

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23
Q

A benign neoplasm of chondrocytes is called a

A

Chondroma

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24
Q

A malignant neoplasm of osteoblasts is called a

A

Osteosarcoma

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25
A hemangiosarcoma is
A malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells
26
A hemangiomas is
A benign neoplasm of endothelial cells
27
A benign neoplasm of smooth muscle is called a
Leiomyoma
28
A rhabdomyosarcoma is a
A malignant neoplasm of skeletal muscle
29
A lymphoma is a
A malignant neoplasm of lymphocytes
30
A malignant neoplasm of melanocytes is called a
Malignant melanoma
31
A benign neoplasm of melanocytes is called a
Benign melanoma
32
A malignant neoplasm of cels in the adrenal medulla is called a
Malignant pheochromocytoma
33
A malignant neoplasm of cells differentiated into hepatocytes and bile ducts
Malignant hepatoblastoma
34
A benign neoplasm of cell differnetiated into renal tubule cells and glomeruli
Benign nephroblastoma
35
A malignant trichoblastoma is
A malignant neoplasm of cells that have differentiated into multiple epidermal cell type
36
A malignant neoplasm of the testicles comprising multiple tissue components
A malignant testicular teratoma
37
A benign ovarian teratoma
A benign ovarian tumor comprising multiple tissue types
38
A neoplasm of the bone marrow that results in circulating neoplastic cells
A leukemia
39
A neutrophilic leukemia
A neoplasm of the bone marrow resulting in circulating neoplastic neutrophils
40
An intraepithelial neoplasm that is confined by the basement membrane
An in situ carcinoma
41
The best way to predict the behaviour of a neoplasm is after
microscopic examination of the tumor
42
Five criteria that can be assessed grossly that can be used to predict neoplasm behavior are
1. Location on the body and signalment, | 2. Speed of growth, 3.Number of masses, 4. Presence of necrosis, 5.Infiltration
43
Malignant neoplasms often contain necrosis because
Their rapid cell growth outgrows their blood supply
44
A cholangiocellular adenocarcinoma often contains necrosis resulting in a
Umbilicated appearance
45
The five microscopic criteria used to differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms are
1. Cell differentiation 2. Anaplasia 3. Mitosis 4. Invasion 5. Metastasis
46
The most common skin neoplasm of dogs is
A cutaneous histiocytoma
47
Cutaneous histiocytomas most commonly develop on the
Head and feet of dogs
48
Mast cell tumours are most common in what breed of dog?
Boxers (also pugs, Retrievers, and Boston terriers)
49
Benign tumors can grow rapidly if
They contain inflammation
50
Multiple masses within the skin is more consistent with
Multiple primary neoplasms
51
One mass within one organ and multiple masses within the liver or lung suggests
Metastasis of a primary neoplasm
52
Necrosis is more common in
Rapidly growing neoplasms that outgrow their blood supply
53
Rapid growth is more consistent with what neoplasm behaviour (b or m)
Malignant
54
Infiltration is a defining characteristic of what neoplasm behavior (b or m)
Malignant
55
Benign tumors by definition do not
Invade surrounding tissue
56
The two ways microscopic examination of tumors can be done are
Cytology or histology
57
The best first test to evaluate a skin neoplasm is
Fine Needle Aspirate and cytology
58
A canine melanoma that develops in haired skin is more likely to be (b or m)
Benign
59
A canine melanoma that develops in non-haired skin is more likely to be (b or m)
Malignant
60
Feline mammary gland neoplasms are invariably (benign or malignant)
Malignant
61
What proportion of canine mammary gland neoplasms are malignant
Around 50%
62
Poor cell differentiation indicates
Lots of mutations and a malignant behavior
63
The presence of wide a variation in the appearance of neoplastic cells is called
Anaplasia
64
Differentiation of a neoplasm is
The degree to which neoplastic cells appear similar to normal cells of that type
65
The mitotic rate is a measure of what in a neoplasm what behavior
The rate of growth of the neoplasm
66
In some neoplasm types a high mitotic rate indicates (b or m)
Likely malignant behavior
67
The presence of bizarre mitoses suggests
Lots of mutations and a malignant behavior
68
When the lymph nodes and lungs are evaluated for the presence of tumor spread this is called
Staging of a neoplasm
69
As neoplasms grow faster that the host they can either...
Compress surrounding tissue or invade surrounding tissue
70
As benign neoplasms compress surrounding tissues this makes them easier to
surgically remove

Pathology (12 decks)

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