Neoplasia

Question 1

Neoplasia

Answer 1

New growth

Question 2

Tumour

Answer 2

Same as neoplasm

Question 3

Oncology

Answer 3

Study of tumours or neoplasms

Question 4

Benign neoplasm

Answer 4

Remains localised, cannot spread to other sites. Patient generally survives

Question 5

Malignant neoplasms

Answer 5

Capable of invasive and destructive growrh and can metastasise

Question 6

Dysplasia

Answer 6

Disordered growth

Question 7

Differentiation

Answer 7

Degree to which tumour cells histologically resembe the cell or tissue of origin

Question 8

Anaplasia

Answer 8

Lacking differentiation. It defies accurate classification

Question 9

Invasion

Answer 9

The tendency of tumour cells to breach their basement, spread beyond the layer of tissue in which they developed growing into surrounding healthy tissues.
Also called infiltration

Question 10

Tumour suffix

Answer 10

-oma

Question 11

Benign epithelial tumours are either

Answer 11

Papillomas

Adenomas

Question 12

Malignant epithelial tumours are always called

Answer 12

Carcinomas

Question 13

Malignant tumours of glandula epithelium are always called

Answer 13

Adenocarcinomas

Question 14

Papillomas

Answer 14

Tumour of non-glandular or non-secretory epithelium such as transitional epithelium or stratifued squamous epithelium

Question 15

Adenomas

Answer 15

Tumour of glandular or secretory epithelium

Question 16

Differences between benign and malignant in term of differentiation , rate of growth, local invasion and metastasise

Answer 16

Benign is non-invasive, remains localised, slow growth rate , can not metastasize

Malignant is invasive, rapid growth rate and can metastasize

Question 17

Tumours named after people

Answer 17

Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 18

Pathways of metastasis

Answer 18

Lymphatic (carcinomas, lymph nodes become enlarged)

Haematogenous( sarcomas, some carcinomas)

Question 19

Transcoelomic spread

Answer 19

Commom sites: peritoneal , pericardial cavities. This results in an effusion of fluid cavity, the fluid is rich in proten and may contain fibrin

Question 20

Carcinogenesis

Answer 20

Creation of cance

Question 21

Carcinogenic

Answer 21

Cancer causing

Question 22

Oncogenic

Answer 22

Tumour causing

Question 23

Classes if carcinogens

Answer 23

Chemicals, microbes, radiation, muscellanous

Question 24

Host factor in carcinogen

Answer 24

Race, age, gender, diet , inherited predisposition, multistep theory, genetic mechanisms in carcinogenesis

Question 25

Grading

Answer 25

Determined by cytologic appearance based in the idea that poorly differentiated tumours have more aggressive behaviour

Question 26

Staging

Answer 26

Determined by surgical exploration or imaging based on size, local and regional lymph node spread and distant metastases