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FPC > Neonatology/Ped/OB > Flashcards

Neonatology/Ped/OB Flashcards

1
Q

Physiological changes to mother during pregnancy

A

Increases blood volume

Increased cardiac output

Increased Minute Ventilation

ABG changes to compensates respiratory alkalosis

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2
Q

Fungal heights to know

A

Peak is at 36 weeks. Will drop back down as fetus moves

20 weeks is marked at the umbilicus

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3
Q

Preterm Labor definition

A

Labor between 24-36 weeks

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4
Q

What medications to give for preterm labor?

A

Administer Tocolytic agent such as Terbutaline 0.25 mg or Mag 4 g infuse

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5
Q

How to detect Abruptio placenta?

A

Lots of pain, little bleeding.

Caused by trauma or spontaneous tearing of the placenta from the uterine wall.

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6
Q

How to detect placenta prévia?

A

Little pain, lots of bleeding.
Caused by placenta covering the cervical opening. No digital exams.

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7
Q

How to detect uterine rupture?

A

Caused by trauma. Fetal parts can be felt in abdomen.

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8
Q

Pregnancy with HTN crisis: what do we do in order?

A

Magnesium 4g in 100 mL over 20 min

Labetolol: 10mg SIVP with stacked dosing ( 10,20,40)

Hydralazine: also known as alpresoline- vasodilator

Nifepidine: also known as procardia- CCB that targets arteries

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9
Q

Magnesium Toxicity, what are the signs and what is the reversal?

A

Reduced DRT’s (deep tendon reflexes)
CNS depression
Hypotension

Give Calcium

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10
Q

What does EFM stand for?

A

Electronic (external) Fetal Monitoring

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11
Q

What is a normal FHR (fetal heart rate)?

A

120-160 bpm

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12
Q

What are the 3 levels of variability with EFM?

A

Mild: less than 8bpm variance (Bad)

Moderate: 8-25 bpm variance (good)

Severe: greater than 25 bpm (Not good)

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13
Q

What does VEAL CHOP stand for?

A

Variable decels Cord problem
Early decels Head compression
Accelerations Okay
Late decels Placenta

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14
Q

What is Pitocin?

A

Hormone that elicits uterine contraction.

Indicated in post partum hemorrhage and labor induction.

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15
Q

When should you discontinue Pitocin?

A

Develops uterine tetany

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16
Q

Definition of a neonate?

A

1-28 days of life

17
Q

What does PDA stand for with neonates?

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

18
Q

How does a PDA close?

A

Oxygen and NSAIDS

19
Q

When do you treat hypoglycemia in a neonate?

A

Less than 40

Administer D10

20
Q

What is hypothermia defined as in a neonate?

A

Body temp less than 36.5 degrees C

21
Q

What is a normal HR for a neonate?

A

120-160

22
Q

What is the CPR ratio for neonates?

A

3:1

23
Q

What are the 4 things that make up Tetraology of Fallot?

A

VSD

RVH

Narrowed PA

Overriding aorta

24
Q

How to treat a patient with Tetraology of Fallot?

A

Keep pt calm

Knees to chest maneuver

25
Q

What is transposition of the Great arteries? (TGA or TGOV)

A

Aorta and the pulmonary artery switch places

26
Q

Treatment for cyanosis lesions that are pre-surgery?

A

DO NOT GIVE OXYGEN!

Prostaglandins (PGE): 0.05-0.1 mcg/kg/min

27
Q

What are the side effects to prostaglandins (PGE)?

A

Apnea and hypotension

28
Q

Treatment for cyanosis lesions post surgery?

A

Prone to heart failure

Digoxin, ace inhibitors, diuretics when in exacerbation

29
Q

What is Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome?

A

Acyanotic lesion

Patient has a tiny left ventricle
Prone to heart failure
Hepatomegaly is a sign of HF in neonates
Will receive digoxin, ace inhibitors, diuretics when in exacerbation

30
Q

Define prematurity

A

Delivery before 37 weeks

31
Q

How do seizures present in a neonate?

A

Lip smacking, bicycling of the legs, nystagmus/fixed gaze.

32
Q

What is myelomeningocele?

How do you transport that Pt?

A

Spina Bifida

A protrusion of spinal nerve and meninges are exposed

Transport the patient prone

33
Q

What does a FLACC scale score?

A

Pediatric pain

34
Q

What does a “steeple sign” indicate on an x ray and what do you give first as a treatment?

A

Indicates croup

Epinephrine first

35
Q

What is epiglottis caused by?

A

H. Influenza B bacteria

FPC (7 decks)

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