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FPC > Flight Physiology/Gas Laws > Flashcards

Flight Physiology/Gas Laws Flashcards

1
Q

What to do in the event of a crash?

A

-Ensure safety restraints
-Turn off oxygen
-Knees to chest and follow pilot commands

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2
Q

What to do immediately after a crash?

A

Follow pilot commands and exit immediately

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3
Q

Know what to do after the crash

A

Shelter is #1 priority

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4
Q

What is the ELT (Emergency Location Transmitter) Frequency?

A

121.5 MHZ

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5
Q

When is ELT activated?

A

When forces of 4 G’s or greater are experienced

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6
Q

What organization is responsible for all downed aircraft SAR (search and rescue)?

A

Civil Air Patrol which works under the United States Airforce

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7
Q

Pitot Tube (Pilot Tube)

A

Used to measure fluid flow and velocity. Wind speed

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8
Q

What are the rules regarding a “sterile cockpit”

A

No conversation during take off, landing, or emergency procedures

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9
Q

Levels of atmosphere from lowest to highest

A

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere

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10
Q

Minimum weather conditions for flying daytime?

A

Local/non-mountainous: 800 ft and 2 miles

Local/mountainous: 800 ft and 3 miles

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11
Q

Minimum weather conditions for nighttime?

A

Local/non-mountainous: 800 ft and 3 miles

Local/mountainous: 1000 ft and 3 miles

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12
Q

What is a NVG?

A

Night Vision Goggles

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13
Q

Minimum candlepower for a helicopter spotlight?

A

400,000 candlepower

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14
Q

Name this Gas:

Pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume (pressure up, volume down)

A

Boyles law

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15
Q

Failing to zero a transducer, what happens

A

Either over damp or under damp.

Up and over, worry about over damping

Down and under, down in altitude will under damp

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16
Q

If pressure is constant, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to temperature. (Temp goes up, volume goes up)

Think c for Celsius

A

Charles law

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17
Q

If volume is constant, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. (Temp up= pressure up)

what happens to an oxygen tank fills up and it heats up the cylinder (pressurized it)

A

Guy- Lussac’s law

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18
Q

Partial pressure law

The percentage of oxygen does not change regardless of elevation BUT the partial pressure of oxygen will change with the total atmospheric pressure.

A

Daltons Law

19
Q

How to calculate changes in FiO2 due to elevation change?

A

(FiO2 x pressure 1) / pressure 2 = FiO2 change needed for ascent

Ex: (0.4 x 780) / 500 = 0.62

20
Q

The solubility of a gas is directly proportional to its partial pressure. Partial pressure up= Solubility up

This is why oxygenation is improved with PEEP and FiO2.

Decompression sickness for divers would apply to this law

A

Henry’s Law

21
Q

The rate of a diffusion of a gas across a membrane is inversely proportional to it’s total molecular mass and directly proportional to its solubility.

Gas molecules will take longer to diffuse across a membrane, however if that gas is more soluble then it’s diffusion increases.

A

Graham’s Law

22
Q

Barobariotrauma

A

Condition where bariatric patients have larger amounts of nitrogen dissolve out of their fat tissue upon ascent to a lower atmospheric pressure.

23
Q

How to reverse barobariotrauma

A

Preoxygenate before the flight to “wash out” all the nitrogen. NRB

24
Q

What is barosinusitis?

A

Inflammation of the sinuses during pressure changes. Typically occurs during ACSENT

25
Q

What is barodontalgia?

A

Tooth ache caused by elevation changes. Typical occurs on ASCENT.

26
Q

What is Barotitis Media?

A

Failure of the middle ear to equalize to changing atmospheric pressures. Typically occurs during DESCENT.

27
Q

What are the 4 types of Hypoxia?

A

Hypoxic hypoxia

Histotoxic hypoxia

Hypemic hypoxia

Stagnant hypoxia

28
Q

What is hypoxic hypoxia?

A

Hypoxia that occurs at altitude. Lack of oxygen.

29
Q

What is histotoxic hypoxia?

A

Something preventing normal uptake or use of oxygen by cells despite adequate delivery.

Example is CO or cyanide poisoning.

Creates a left shit

30
Q

What is hypemic hypoxia?

A

Hypoxia caused by inadequate oxygen delivery due to lack of red blood cells/ hemoglobin. (Anemia)

Potentially needs blood transfusion

31
Q

What is stagnant hypoxia?

A

Lack of blood flow caused by excessive G forces.

32
Q

How often do flight helmets get checked?

A

Annually minimum

33
Q

What is flicker vertigo?

A

Low frequency flickering as light passes through blades

34
Q

How far must your flight suit be able to pull away from the body?

A

1/4”

35
Q

Why is considered a long range flight?

A

Anything over 3 hours

36
Q

PIC qualifications for rotary wing

A

2,000 hrs total flight time

1,200 hours in a helicopter

1,000 hours as a PIC

37
Q

PIC qualifications for FIXED wing

A

2,000 hrs total flight time

1,000 hours as PIC

100 hrs at night as PIC

38
Q

What rule is:

No weather minimums (PIC assumes risk)

A

Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 91

39
Q

Number 1 CAUSE in air medical crashes is what?

A

Human (pilot) error

40
Q

Number 1 FACTOR in air medical crashes is?

A

Weather

41
Q

What do you do if you encounter bad weather while enroute?

A

Divert to the nearest facility

42
Q

What is VFR? And what does it mean?

A

Visual Flight Rules

You can fly only in weather conditions you can see where you’re flying

43
Q

What is IFR and what does it mean?

A

Instrument Flight Rules

Weather conditions do not allow safe flight by sight alone, pilot must be able to use instruments to fly

44
Q

How large must a HLZ be to land?

A

100’x100’

FPC (7 decks)

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