neonatology Flashcards
What are the features of APGAR scoring?
color, tone, respiratory rate, heart rate, reflex irritability
best score is 10. continue scoring every 5 minutes until score of 7 or greater seen
what is the name for the thin hair seen in preterm infants? What is the name for the white gunk covering preterm and term infants?
hair: lanugo
white gunk: vernix caseosa
What is the name for the mottling of the skin with a venous prominence that is seen in many infants?
cutis marmorata
what is erythema toxicum neonatorum?
benign rash, seen in firs 3 days of life, characterized by erythematous macules, papules, and pustules. lesions are filled with eos. no tx needed.
What should I worry about in infants with port wine stains in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve?
Sturge weber- seizures, intracanial/spinal vascular malformations, intracranial calcifications
what is the prognosis for strawberry hemangiomas?
benign, seen in 10% of kids. increase in size after birth but resolve at 18-24 mo.
what is the name of diffuse edema/swelling on the scalp that crosses cranial sutures?
caput succedaneum
What is the name of edema/swelling that is confined by cranial sututers?
cephalohematomas. subperiosteal hemorrhages.
What is the name for weird head shapes cased by premature fusion of the cranial sutures?
craniosynostosis
pierre robin syndrome
micrognathia, cleft palate, glossoptosis (downward displacement of the tongue), and upper airway obstruction
what conditions may be associated with macroglossia?
beckwith-wiedemann, hypothyroidism, mucopolysaccharidosis
What is it called when the left and right rectus abdominis is separated at the midline? What is the significance of this finding?
called diastasis recti
benign- common in premature infants and african americans.
no tx needed
What is a persistant urachus? How do you know if you have one?
failure of the urachal duct to close. causes a fistula btw the bladder and the umbilicus- urine comes out the belly button
hypospadias vs. epispadias
hypospadius- urethral meatus on ventral surface
epispadius- urethral meatus on dorsum of penis. associated with bladder extrophy (bladder protursion from the abdominal wall with exposure of its mucosa)
