Neonates key stuff Flashcards
1
Q
Examination of newborn
A
Observe -colour (pink, jaundice), spontaneous movements Undress -umbilical stump -Testes descended Listen - heart (120-160), lungs
Head - circumference (32-36cm) Fontanelle patent Eyes - Red reflex, fix and follow Nostrils - patent Ears - tags, in line Mouth - sucking reflex, palate Neck
Chest - nipples
Symmetry of chest movement
(look at notes on this)
2
Q
Examination of 6 weeks old
A
esdsf
3
Q
TTN
A
- delayed reabsoprtion of lung fluid after birht
- RF - c-section, precipitated delivery
–> resp distress, tachpnoea
4
Q
Causes of Resp distress within first few hours
A
Upper airway obstruction
- micrognathia (small jaw)
- Nasal obstruction (secretion, choanal atresia)
- Extrenisc (masses)
Lower airway
- Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
- Infection (pneumonia, sepsis)
- Aspiration
- Pneumothroax
- Congenital
- Heart failure - SVT,
5
Q
Random Q
what happens if done give baby vit K at birth?
What 2 inj can be given at birht?
A
- only vit they are deficient in
- Causes haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Inj - hep B (if mother has this), bcg (if high risk)
6
Q
Risk factors for newborn sepsis
A
- Prematurity
- Prolonged rupture of membranes
- maternal fever in labour
- Group B positive mum
Organisms - group B, listeria, gram negative
Other findings
- neutropenia
- thrombocytopneia
7
Q
Meconium aspiration
A
- history of fetal distress
- Baby - resuscitation at birth
- Meconium noted in liqour
- CXR - patchy, coarse changes, air trapping
8
Q
Pneumothorax
A
- Increased risk if mask or ET resusitation at birth
- Xray
- bradycarda, cyanosis
9
Q
Causes of heart failure at birth
A
- SVT
- Ebsteins anomaly (abnormal tricuspid valve)
10
Q
cyanosis - newborn
A
Resp distress
-any cause of resp distress
no resp distress
- Cyanotic congenital heart disease
- Persistant pulmonary hypertension of newborn
- methaemoglobinaemia
11
Q
Tetrology of fallot
A
- downs syndrome
- cushing defect
VORP
- VSD
- overiding aorta
- RVH
- pulmonary stenosis
