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Nurs 104 > Neonate > Flashcards

Neonate Flashcards

0
Q

Erythema Toxicum?

A

skin rash, bb acne, goes away without tx, not serious

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1
Q

Acrocyanosis?

A

Persistant blue/cyanotic discoloration of extremities

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2
Q

Milia?

A

little white bumps on nose, common, blocked sweat glands

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3
Q

Vernix Caseosa?

A

waxlike cheese like coating on newborn

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4
Q

Telangiectatic Nevi?

A

Stork Bites, flat-deep pink localized areas of cap dilation on back of neck

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5
Q

Mongolian Spots?

A

flat,grey blue areas, small/large, common on dark skinned bbs

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6
Q

Nevus Flammeus?

A

Birth mark resulting from cap malformation in skin

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7
Q

Nevus Vasculosus?

A

benign tumor from newly formed BV

result of angioblastic tissue malformation

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8
Q

What is abg length of neonate?

A

50cm

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9
Q

What is average weight of Neonate?

A

3.5kg

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10
Q

What is head circumference of neonate?

A

35cm

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11
Q

What kind of cry is normal for Neonate?

A

Lusty cry

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12
Q

How many vessels should umbilical cord have?

How long is avg umbilical cord?

A

3

50cm

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13
Q

What should neonates body position be?

A

well flexed

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14
Q

Why is the first 24 hours critical for newborns?

A

transition from intra–>extrauterine

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15
Q

Normal Breathing rate of neonate?

A

30-60 breaths/min

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16
Q

3 Factors opposing bb first breath?

A

Alveolar surface tension - surfactant
viscosity of lung fluid within resp tract
degree of lung compliance

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17
Q

Why is first breath hardest?

A

allows alveolar sacs to expand

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18
Q

What is the initial Assessment as birth?

A

breathing should be spontaneous

mom bb bonding

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19
Q

after baby is born what is the first thing that happens?

A

placed on warm dry towel on moms tummy

while bonding dr clamps and cuts cord and nrs dries bb

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20
Q

Normal Heart reate for bb?

A

120-160

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21
Q

Why does nurse dry bb after delivery?

A

temp control

tactile stimulation

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22
Q

Why is it hard for bb to maintain a balance with temp regulation?

A

decreased subcutaneous fat/thin epidermis

BVs close to skin

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23
Q

What helps decrease temperature loss?

A

Flexed position due to decrease SA

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24
Q

Increased oxygen consumption and metabolism in a newborn causes what?

A

greater heat production

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25
Q

How much more heat does a new born lose than adult?

A

4x

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26
Q

4 ways heat loss in bb takes place?

A

Convection
Radiation
Evaporation
Conduction

27
Q

Example of convection?

A

AC

28
Q

Example of Radiation?

A

bb on cold surface

29
Q

Example of evaporation?

A

amniotic fluid or and moisture on bb

30
Q

Conduction example?

A

like radiation but smaller, cold hands/stehoscope

31
Q

How do bbs lose most heat?

A

radiation and convection because large bodysurface :weight ratio

32
Q

How do bbs respond to cool environments?

Thermogenesis–>heat production?

A

increased BMR
muscular activity
Chemical Thermogenesis - nonshivering thermogenesis

33
Q

What is nonshivering thermogenesis?

A

metabolizing nb store brown adipose tissues for heat

appears at 26 30 weeks
found around most vital organs

34
Q

How to take temperature of Neonate?

A

axilla (36.5-37.2)

35
Q

Where is bb put for initial assessment?

A

under radiant warmer

36
Q

Apgar Score?

A 
Heart Rate
Respiratory Effort
Muscle Tone
Body color
Reflex Irritability
37
Q

Apgar Heart Rate?

A

0 absent
1 100>
2 100-160

38
Q

Respiratory Effort Apgar Scoring?

A

0 - no breathing for 1+mins
1 - irreg/slow
2 - good with norm crying

39
Q

Muscle Tone?

A

0 limp flacid
1 weak inactive, so flexion
2 Strong inactive motion

40
Q

Body Color Apgar Scoring?

A

0 blue/pale
1 body pink, extremities blue
2 - pink

41
Q

Reflex irritability Apgar?

A

0 no response
1 grimace
2 cough/sneeze/cry

42
Q

What to observe for in newborn bb for initial assessment?

A

Body sym, make sure everything is there

43
Q

What to include in initial assessment?

A 
Apgar
observe body for everything
head circumference
temp
wrap in warm blanket
44
Q

What to give bb within one hr?

A

Vitamin K injection

Erythromycin eye ointment

45
Q

Vitamen K injection, what is it for?

A

avoid bleeding problems, due to absence of normal folra in gut that synthesizes vit k

46
Q

What is erythromycin eye ointment for?

A

treat against infection/prevent

47
Q

What is plethera?

A

ruddy hue due to increase of rbc and limited subcutaneous fat deposits

48
Q

Iron and bb?

A

iron is stored for first 5 months then after supplements or food are given to prevent anemia

49
Q

how is bilirubin conjugated? where is it excreted?

A

unconjugated until it can bind with albumin in blood dream then called conjugated/direct

stool

50
Q

What causes Jaundice to occur?

When?

A

caused by accelerated destruction of fetal rbc and inability to conjugate increased amounts of bilirubin

2-3 day after delievery

51
Q

What are signs of jaundice?

How is it prevented?

A

press on forehead or nose and observe blanding/icterus

feed bb every three hours

52
Q

What are the 3 Transitions of neonate stool?

A

Meconium - thick tarry black/green 8-24hrs
Transitional - Thin Brown/green 48-72hrs
Breastfed - pale, yellow, liquid/frequent, can occer every 5-7days

53
Q

Urinary function of bb? What to expect?

A

93% void in 24 hrs
pink stains may appear in male diapers b/c of urates
blood on femal diapers -pseudomenstration

54
Q

How many wet diapers a day is adequate?

A 
1 day=1
2day=2
3day=3
4day=4
5+days=4-6
55
Q

Neurological assessment of reflexes?

A 
sucking
grasping
stepping/walking
Moro (starle
rooting - turn to breast when rub cheek
Babinki - bb flares toes and down to finger going down sole of foot
56
Q

Whens best time for breastfeeding?

A

when first born, wide awak, most interested

57
Q

How many hours should breastfeed?

A

3

58
Q

What are the 2 sleep states experience in the first 24 hours?

A

Deep/quiet

active REM

59
Q

What are alert states experienced after 24 hours of a bb?

A

drowsy/semi dozing
wide awake
active awake
crying

60
Q

Signs of distress in New borns?

A 
Resp rate 60+
sternal retractions
nostril flare
grunting
excess mucus
facial grimacing
cyanosis
abdominal distension/mass
vomiting bile
no meconium/urine in first 24 hours
jaundice within first 24
hyperthermia/hypo
jitteriness/low glucose levels
61
Q

What is the BC NB screening progra,

A

screens 18 disorders, 40 bb a year have disorder in bc
Congenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, PKU
Standard care unless declined
blood taken 24 hrs after birth
will identify over 80% of disordered and prevents life threating events

62
Q

Ductus Venus?

A

bypassess liver

63
Q

Foramen Ovale?

A

allows blood from right=–>left atrium

64
Q

Ductus Arteriosus?

A

bypasses pumonary

65
Q

Umbilical Vein?

A

O2/nutrient rich blood

66
Q

Umbilical Cord?

A

waste products/co2

Nurs 104 (7 decks)

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