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Nurs 104 > infant/early/middle/late childhood > Flashcards

infant/early/middle/late childhood Flashcards

0
Q

In an infant what does the physical development look like?

A

28g/day(1oz), 2.5 cm/month

Weight doubles @ 4mn and triples @ 1 year

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1
Q

In early childhood what is the physical development like?

A

2.5” growth, 5-7lb/year
slim & lengthen
girls =fat tissue boys = muscle
hereditary

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2
Q

At what age should child be 1/5 adult weight and 1/2 adult height?

A

2

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3
Q

At one month what should sleep patterns be like?

A

getting more sleep

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4
Q

At four months what should sleep patterns be like?

A

more like adult, reg pattern

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5
Q

What age is a time of excellent health?

A

middle/late childhood

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6
Q

What is the physical development in middle/late childhood?

A

slow constant
2-3 inches/year
bone growth more rapid then muscle

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7
Q

What stage are middle/late childhood in pigets stages?

A

operational though

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8
Q

What does operational thought include?

What stage of child hood is it found in?

A

transivity, able to retrace steps, mental actions replace physical, shift from egocentrism,

middle/late

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9
Q

What stage of childhood is pigets sensorymotor development?

A

infancy

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10
Q

In infancy what stage in piagets?

What does this include?

A

Sensorimotor

Infants knowledge of world is limited through senses, uses senses to learn more about environment

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11
Q

What stage is preoperational thought?

What does it include?

A 
Early childhood.
Child can come up with concepts with flawed reasoning
think in absolutes
judge person by experience
make believe
animism, centrism, egocentric
think literal
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12
Q

What are the two substages of preoperational thought?

A

Symbolic Functioning

Intuitive Thought

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13
Q

Symbolic thought substage includes?

A

kids can imagine object, draw it unrealistically
make believe
aminism
egocentric - only see world from own prespective
inventive
2-4

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14
Q

Intuitive thought Substage?

A

Centrism
Children want to know more about everthing
they know something but they dont know form where
reasoning improves
cant mentally reverse actions

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15
Q

What stage of childhoods language is characterized by infinite rule system/rule generatively, and holophrase hypothesis?

A

infant

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16
Q

What childhoods language is characterized by being able to dissect words, use reasoning for grammar rules, abstract vocab words, and able to associate words by analyzing meaning?

A

middle /late

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17
Q

What childhood stage is characterized by telegraphic speech, and improving from yes/no ->sentence frags> sentences?

A

Early childhood

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18
Q

What stage of eriksons theory is an infant?

A

trust vs. mistrust

autonomy vs. shame and doubt

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19
Q

What stage of eriksons theory is early childhood in?

A

initiative vs guilt

am i good or bad?

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20
Q

What stage of eriksons theory are middle/late kids in?

A

Industry vs. Inferority

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21
Q

What stage of childhood moral development moves from heteronomous mortality to autonomous?

A

middle/late

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22
Q

When does a sense of self/independence start to develop at?

A

18-24 months

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23
Q

What concept of self switches from external to internal, and strives to be part of society?

A

middle/late

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24
Q

Four key aspects of improving low self esteem?

A

identify cause
social acceptance/emotional support
achievement
coping

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25
Q

When do children have highest levels of self esteem?

A

when able to preform something competently in the range of activities of what they like to do

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26
Q

What stage of childhoods moral development is characterized by thoughts/feelings and behaviours reguarding right and wrong?

A

early childhood

Heteronoumous

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27
Q

At what stage is a childs understanding of self based on physical attributes?

A

Early Childhood

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28
Q

When does emotional development occur? use of emotional language, understanding and reflection of emotions?

A

early childhood - five

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29
Q

What are appropriate practices for early childhood learning?

A

active/hands on
social development
allows indv. developmental diffs
games/dramatic play

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30
Q

What is heteronomous Mortality?

A

4-7
follow rules
imminent jutice - rule broken=punishment

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31
Q

What is autonomous mortality?

A

10 and over, rules/laws creates but if not caught no punishment

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32
Q

What parenting style creates immature kids?

A

neglectful

kid mothered by nanny pretty much

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33
Q

What parenting style causes the most socially competent kid?

A

authoritive

34
Q

What parenting style causes an unsure kid?

A

Authoritarian

strict, punitive

35
Q

What parenting style may bring about disrespecting, rude kids?

A

over indulgent parents

give gifts to make up lost time

36
Q

Moral feelings of early childhood?

A

empathy, sympathy , admiration, self esteem, anger outrage, shame

37
Q

When is gender identity developed?

A

3

38
Q

How should parents parent?

A

set rules
affection
respect child going throught developmental stages

39
Q

What may a single parent or latch-key child cause?

A

early autonomy of kis

40
Q

What are the effects of peers in early childhood?

A

helps with social development

41
Q

What are partens type of play?

A

unoccupied, solitary, parallel, onlooker, associative, cooperative

42
Q

What are bergens types of play?

A 
Sensorimotor
practice/symbolic
social
constructive
games
practice
43
Q

When a child stands around a playground without a purpose what kind of play is it considered?

A

unoccupied

44
Q

When a child is alone and engrossed, playing by self what kind of play is it?

A

Solitary

45
Q

What type of play is it when a child is interested and watches others play?

A

onlooker

46
Q

What type of play is it when a child is separate from the playing but plays with toy nearby in same way?

A

parallel

47
Q

What kind of play is it when child is more interested in person then activity.. borrows toys?

A

associative play

48
Q

What is cooperative play?

A

Group social interaction, organized

49
Q

What is sensorimotor play for?

A

uses senses to explore and enjoy

50
Q

What is practice play for?

A

repetition to learn skill

51
Q

What is symbolic play for?

A

uses objects for make believe

52
Q

What is social play for?

A

Interacting with peers

53
Q

What type of play involves an organized use of sensimotor/practice play to produce products or solution to problem?

A

contructive play

54
Q

Rules competition, pleasure in accomplishment, challenge and social interactions are what type of play?

A

games

55
Q

What is Vygotskys proximal zone of development?

A

range of tasks too difficult for kid to master by themself, but can master with assitance(upper limit) the lower limit is an area of problem solving reached by independence

parents use scaffolding
in early childhood

56
Q

By what age is brain almost adult size?

A

5

57
Q

Why is there an increase in brain size?

What stage of childhood?

A

increase in #/size of nerve endings

Early

58
Q

When does myelination occur?

A

early

59
Q

What increases cognitive abilities?

A

maturation of brain/increases experience

60
Q

When is handness developed?

When does it become more obvious?

A

Infancy

early childhood

61
Q

What age needs 1700 calories a day?

A

early childhood

62
Q

When can you start toilet training?

What age at?

A

sphincter muscle control
motivation
cog maturation
2-3

63
Q

What are risk factors of SIDS?

A 
low birth weight
twins/triplets
sleep apnea
siblings with sid
african american/inuit
soft bedding, cig smoke
64
Q

How many units of vitamin D should be given in first 6 months and for what?

A

400 units

brain development

65
Q

Object Permanence?

When can this start?

A

understanding objects/events continue to exist even when you cant see them, hear, touch

infancy

66
Q

What is recasting

A

rephrasing sentence into question

67
Q

What are the three stages of seperation anxiety?

When do they occur?

A

Protest
despair
denial and detach

at 6 months

68
Q

What is an “easy child”?

A

Type of temparment thomas and chess

adapts really easy - most competent

69
Q

What is negative child?

A

reacts negatively, no good set routine

70
Q

What is the slow to warm up child?

A

Cautious, low activity level, slowly adapts

71
Q

When does LT memory come into play?

A

middle/late

72
Q

What determines LT memory ?

A

control processes- concious strategy

learner characteristics - attitude, motivation,health

73
Q

What stage of childhood is metacognition?

A

Middle late childhood

74
Q

One is able to grasp deeper meaning and egocentrism fades, what stage of childhood?

A

middle/late

75
Q

What are sternbergs 3 factors of intellegence?

A

analytic
creative
practical

76
Q

analytic intellegence?

A

compare contrast, analyze, judge, evaluate

do well in school

77
Q

Creative intellegence?

A

invent, create, think outside of box, design, imagine

78
Q

Practical Intellegence?

A

ability to use implement and put into practice

79
Q

Two ways to learn to read

A

whole language

basic-skills phpnetic

80
Q

Kohlbergs moral development:

before 9, no internalization

A

preconventional

81
Q

Adolescence –> early adult
Kohlbergs Moral Development:
some internal standards from others such as parents and law

A

conventional reasoning

82
Q

Moral Development theory:

Adulthood, morals internalized, own moral code developed?

A

Post conventional

83
Q

what 6 functions does friendship serve?

First real friend at middle/late childhood.

A 
companionship
stimulation
physical support
ego support
intamacy 
social comparison

Nurs 104 (7 decks)

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