Infancy

Question 0

Cephalocaudal Growth Pattern?

Answer 0

head grows mostly in early then descends to trunk, at birth head 25% of adult size

Question 1

What is infancy?

Answer 1

birth-24months

Question 2

Proximodistal Growth Patterns?

Answer 2

center of body–>extremeties

Question 3

How much height does an infant gain a month approx?

Answer 3

2.5 cm

Question 4

How much weight does infant gain a day?
And at what month should its birth weight be doubled?
Tripled?
1/5 adults weight and 1/2 height?

Answer 4

1 oz(28g)/day
4 months
1 year
2 years old

Question 5

Infant Sleeping Patterns?
At 1 Month?
At 4 months?

Answer 5

begin to sleep longer

begin to develop sleep pattern

Question 6

What should parent with 3mth old waking up for long periods during night do?

Answer 6

feed, change, dry, warm, keep bb in dark,stimulate them with hand

Question 7

What are risk factors of sudden infant death syndrome?

Answer 7

low birth weight
twins/triplets
SIDS past hx in fam
sleep apnea
affrican american/inuit
lower socioeconomic
cig smoke
soft bedding

Question 8

Nutrition in the first six months?

Answer 8

human milk
vitamin D -400units for brain growth
4-6 months - iron supplements
formula is alt.
no solid foods

Question 9

Nutrition during 6-12mnths?

Answer 9

human milk/formula primary

iron fortified cereal, start off with fruits/veggies then meats and eggs

Question 10

what should you do when introducing foods?

Answer 10

introduce 5 days apart for allergy reasons

Question 11

At 6-12 months what happens to increase foods infant can have?

Answer 11

tooth eruption
gi maturation
less sensetive to potentially allergenic foods
voluntary grasping/improved hand eye coordination

Question 12

Head control of full term Newborn?

Answer 12

can hold head for a second, then left behind=legging

Question 13

When can bb Roll over from abdomen to back?

Answer 13

3-4 Months

Question 14

When can bb roll from back to abdomen?

Answer 14

6 months

Question 15

When can bb sit alone using hands for support?
: with no hand support?
: can change from prone to sittng position?

Answer 15

6-7
8
10

Question 16

Locomotion following cephalocaudal patterns:
When do bb have increasing coordination in arms?
when can bbs bear all weight on legs with assitance and move from belly to hands and knees?
stand holding furniture to pull up but not get down?
walk while holding on furniture?
Walk?

Answer 16

4-6
6-7
7-8
10-11
1 year

Question 17

By 8-9 months what fine motor skill is developing and at 11 months becomes well developed?

Answer 17

pincher grasp

Question 18

How do bbs respond to smell/taste, or touch?

Answer 18

facial expressions

look in direction of touch

Question 19

Bbs sensory development?

Answer 19

info interacts with sense receptors

Question 20

Perceptual Development?

Answer 20

interpretation of sense

Question 21

BB visual preception when born?

by a year?

Answer 21

legally blind

20/20 can distinguish color

Question 22

BB visual preference?

Answer 22

checkered board

Question 23

BB’s intermodal preception?

Answer 23

can relate and integrate info two + sensory modalities

ex. vision and hearing

Question 24

Pigets theory of Infant Development?

Answer 24

sensory motor stage - unable to org and coordinate sensations with phys movement and actions

Question 25

What is object permanence?

Answer 25

ability to understand objects/events continue to exist even though can not be seen heard or touched ex. dad goes to work,.. he will come back

Question 26

Habituation?

Answer 26

repeated presentation of stim decreased attention

Question 27

dishabituation?

Answer 27

renewed interest to same stimulus

Question 28

when can infants start to imitate facial expressions?

Answer 28

w/i 72 hrs of birth

Question 29

What is language of an infant characterized by?

Answer 29

infinite generativity and rule system

Question 30

What is infinite generativity? | Holophrase Hypothesis?

Answer 30

using infinite set of words/rules to generate infinite amount of sentences single word can imply full sentence

Question 31

How behaviour and environmental factors influence language development? What are the 5 ways to influence language development?

Answer 31

``` Parentese Recasting Echoing Expanding Labeling ```

Question 32

What is parentese?

Answer 32

talk in bb voice, tone

Question 33

What is recasting?

Answer 33

rephrasing sentence into question

Question 34

What is echoing?

Answer 34

Repeating what child says

Question 35

What is Expanding?

Answer 35

repeat and expand what child says

Question 36

What is labeling?

Answer 36

"whats that" "whats that"

Question 37

How does language develop?

Answer 37

3-6 months babbling and cooing to attract attention 300 words are understood at 2 years speak first words at 13 months and about 200-275 words at 2 years telegraphic speech

Question 38

what is telegraphic speech?

Answer 38

short precise words "mommy icecream"

Question 39

What does crying mean in baby?

Answer 39

angry, pain, hungry parents can distinguish types

Question 40

What is smiling in a baby?

Answer 40

reflective and social

Question 41

When does stranger anxiety develop?

Answer 41

6 months and escaltes

Question 42

What are the stages of separation anxiety?

Answer 42

Stage 1=Protest - cries grieves, confused, tries to follow parents Stage 2=Despair - deep mourning hoplessness, happier appearance, easier to manage if parent return child goes to protest Stage 3=Denial and Detach - child ignores parents after several weeks+ of absence

Question 43

Stage 1 Separation Anxiety?

Answer 43

Protest - cries, grieves, confused, follows parents

Question 44

Stage 2 Separation Anxiety?

Answer 44

Despair - deep mourning/hopelessness, appears to be happier and it is easier to manage, child goes back to protesting upon parents arrival

Question 45

Stage 3 separation anxiety?

Answer 45

Denial and detach - after several weeks of sep, child accepts, when rents return child ignores

Question 46

Thomas and Chess's Theory: What is the easy Child? The negative Child? Slow to warm up child?

Answer 46

adapts easily reacts neg, no set routine low activity level, negative, low adaptation, cautious mood

Question 47

What should parents give kids?

Answer 47

respect - dont compare siblings structured environment no negative labeling

Question 48

Eriksons Personality Development stages for Personality development for infants?

Answer 48

trust vs mistrust | autonomy vs shame and doubt

Question 49

When does the development of self and independence start in an infant?

Answer 49

18-24 months

Question 50

What is scaffolding?

Answer 50

recipirocal socialization, rents help/encourage kids efforts allowing them to be more skillful than they would be on there own, (peek a boo, pputting two lego pieces together)

Question 51

What is part of a well balanced diet for infants?

Answer 51

high calorie | high energy foods

Question 52

Babinski refex? | What is the infants response when does it dissapear?

Answer 52

twist foot in and fans out toes | 9mth-1year

Question 53

When does Grasping weaken at? | When does it disappear?

Answer 53

3 months | 1 year

Question 54

What is the infants response to moro reflex? when does it disappear?

Answer 54

startles, back arch, head back, arms and legs out then rapid flex 3-4

Question 55

When does rooting disappear?

Answer 55

3-4

Question 56

When does stepping reflex disappear?

Answer 56

3-4mnth

Question 57

Whe does sucking reflex disappear?

Answer 57

3-4months

Question 58

Sequence of gross motor skills in infant

Answer 58

``` Prone with head up prone with chest up and arms for support roll over support some weight with legs sit without support stand with support pull self up to stand walk using furniture stand alone walk alone ```

Question 59

Where does all info come to infant through?

Answer 59

senses

Question 60

What is preception?

Answer 60

intpertation of what is being sensed