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Nurs 104 > Infancy > Flashcards

Infancy Flashcards

0
Q

Cephalocaudal Growth Pattern?

A

head grows mostly in early then descends to trunk, at birth head 25% of adult size

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1
Q

What is infancy?

A

birth-24months

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2
Q

Proximodistal Growth Patterns?

A

center of body–>extremeties

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3
Q

How much height does an infant gain a month approx?

A

2.5 cm

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4
Q

How much weight does infant gain a day?
And at what month should its birth weight be doubled?
Tripled?
1/5 adults weight and 1/2 height?

A

1 oz(28g)/day
4 months
1 year
2 years old

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5
Q

Infant Sleeping Patterns?
At 1 Month?
At 4 months?

A

begin to sleep longer

begin to develop sleep pattern

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6
Q

What should parent with 3mth old waking up for long periods during night do?

A

feed, change, dry, warm, keep bb in dark,stimulate them with hand

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7
Q

What are risk factors of sudden infant death syndrome?

A 
low birth weight
twins/triplets
SIDS past hx in fam
sleep apnea
affrican american/inuit
lower socioeconomic
cig smoke
soft bedding
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8
Q

Nutrition in the first six months?

A 
human milk
vitamin D -400units for brain growth
4-6 months - iron supplements
formula is alt.
no solid foods
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9
Q

Nutrition during 6-12mnths?

A

human milk/formula primary

iron fortified cereal, start off with fruits/veggies then meats and eggs

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10
Q

what should you do when introducing foods?

A

introduce 5 days apart for allergy reasons

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11
Q

At 6-12 months what happens to increase foods infant can have?

A

tooth eruption
gi maturation
less sensetive to potentially allergenic foods
voluntary grasping/improved hand eye coordination

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12
Q

Head control of full term Newborn?

A

can hold head for a second, then left behind=legging

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13
Q

When can bb Roll over from abdomen to back?

A

3-4 Months

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14
Q

When can bb roll from back to abdomen?

A

6 months

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15
Q

When can bb sit alone using hands for support?
: with no hand support?
: can change from prone to sittng position?

A

6-7
8
10

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16
Q

Locomotion following cephalocaudal patterns:
When do bb have increasing coordination in arms?
when can bbs bear all weight on legs with assitance and move from belly to hands and knees?
stand holding furniture to pull up but not get down?
walk while holding on furniture?
Walk?

A 
4-6
6-7
7-8
10-11
1 year
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17
Q

By 8-9 months what fine motor skill is developing and at 11 months becomes well developed?

A

pincher grasp

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18
Q

How do bbs respond to smell/taste, or touch?

A

facial expressions

look in direction of touch

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19
Q

Bbs sensory development?

A

info interacts with sense receptors

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20
Q

Perceptual Development?

A

interpretation of sense

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21
Q

BB visual preception when born?

by a year?

A

legally blind

20/20 can distinguish color

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22
Q

BB visual preference?

A

checkered board

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23
Q

BB’s intermodal preception?

A

can relate and integrate info two + sensory modalities

ex. vision and hearing

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24
Q

Pigets theory of Infant Development?

A

sensory motor stage - unable to org and coordinate sensations with phys movement and actions

25
Q

What is object permanence?

A

ability to understand objects/events continue to exist even though can not be seen heard or touched

ex. dad goes to work,.. he will come back

26
Q

Habituation?

A

repeated presentation of stim decreased attention

27
Q

dishabituation?

A

renewed interest to same stimulus

28
Q

when can infants start to imitate facial expressions?

A

w/i 72 hrs of birth

29
Q

What is language of an infant characterized by?

A

infinite generativity and rule system

30
Q

What is infinite generativity?

Holophrase Hypothesis?

A

using infinite set of words/rules to generate infinite amount of sentences

single word can imply full sentence

31
Q

How behaviour and environmental factors influence language development?
What are the 5 ways to influence language development?

A 
Parentese
Recasting
Echoing
Expanding
Labeling
32
Q

What is parentese?

A

talk in bb voice, tone

33
Q

What is recasting?

A

rephrasing sentence into question

34
Q

What is echoing?

A

Repeating what child says

35
Q

What is Expanding?

A

repeat and expand what child says

36
Q

What is labeling?

A

“whats that” “whats that”

37
Q

How does language develop?

A

3-6 months babbling and cooing to attract attention
300 words are understood at 2 years
speak first words at 13 months and about 200-275 words at 2 years
telegraphic speech

38
Q

what is telegraphic speech?

A

short precise words

“mommy icecream”

39
Q

What does crying mean in baby?

A

angry, pain, hungry

parents can distinguish types

40
Q

What is smiling in a baby?

A

reflective and social

41
Q

When does stranger anxiety develop?

A

6 months and escaltes

42
Q

What are the stages of separation anxiety?

A

Stage 1=Protest - cries grieves, confused, tries to follow parents
Stage 2=Despair - deep mourning hoplessness, happier appearance, easier to manage if parent return child goes to protest
Stage 3=Denial and Detach - child ignores parents after several weeks+ of absence

43
Q

Stage 1 Separation Anxiety?

A

Protest - cries, grieves, confused, follows parents

44
Q

Stage 2 Separation Anxiety?

A

Despair - deep mourning/hopelessness, appears to be happier and it is easier to manage, child goes back to protesting upon parents arrival

45
Q

Stage 3 separation anxiety?

A

Denial and detach - after several weeks of sep, child accepts, when rents return child ignores

46
Q

Thomas and Chess’s Theory:
What is the easy Child?
The negative Child?
Slow to warm up child?

A

adapts easily

reacts neg, no set routine

low activity level, negative, low adaptation, cautious mood

47
Q

What should parents give kids?

A

respect - dont compare siblings
structured environment
no negative labeling

48
Q

Eriksons Personality Development stages for Personality development for infants?

A

trust vs mistrust

autonomy vs shame and doubt

49
Q

When does the development of self and independence start in an infant?

A

18-24 months

50
Q

What is scaffolding?

A

recipirocal socialization, rents help/encourage kids efforts allowing them to be more skillful than they would be on there own, (peek a boo, pputting two lego pieces together)

51
Q

What is part of a well balanced diet for infants?

A

high calorie

high energy foods

52
Q

Babinski refex?

What is the infants response when does it dissapear?

A

twist foot in and fans out toes

9mth-1year

53
Q

When does Grasping weaken at?

When does it disappear?

A

3 months

1 year

54
Q

What is the infants response to moro reflex?

when does it disappear?

A

startles, back arch, head back, arms and legs out then rapid flex
3-4

55
Q

When does rooting disappear?

A

3-4

56
Q

When does stepping reflex disappear?

A

3-4mnth

57
Q

Whe does sucking reflex disappear?

A

3-4months

58
Q

Sequence of gross motor skills in infant

A 
Prone with head up
prone with chest up and arms for support
roll over
support some weight with legs
sit without support
stand with support
pull self up to stand
walk using furniture
stand alone
walk alone
59
Q

Where does all info come to infant through?

A

senses

60
Q

What is preception?

A

intpertation of what is being sensed

Nurs 104 (7 decks)

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