Neonatal Jaundice Flashcards
1
Q
How common is neonatal jaundice?
A
60% of neonates
2
Q
What is a complication of neonatal jaundice if not managed properly?
A
Kernicterus = permanent brain damage
3
Q
What is the management of neonatal jaundice?
A
Phototherapy
If v. severe: exchange transfusion
4
Q
What is physiological jaundice?
A
Hyperbilirubinaemia after 24 hrs
5
Q
What are the causes of physiological jaundice? (4)
A
- Shorter RBC lifespan (increase bilirubin production)
- hepatic immaturity (decreased bilirubin conjugation)
- Absence of gut flora impedes elimination of gut flora
- Exclusive breastfeeding
6
Q
When should you worry about neonatal jaundice?
A
Before 24 hours
Doesn’t fade by 14 days (term) or 21 days (prem)
7
Q
What can cause neonatal jaundice before 24 hours?
A
Sepsis
ABO incompatibility
Rhesus haemolytic disease
Red cell anomalies
8
Q
What can cause prolonged jaundice?
A
Breastfeeding Sepsis Hypothroidism Cystic fibrosis Biliary atresia
9
Q
What are the features of kernicterus?
A
Lethargy Poor feeding Hypertonicity Opisthotonus Shrill cry Yellow staining in brain
10
Q
What are the long term sequellae of kernicterus?
A
Athetoid movements
Deafness
Reduced IQ
