Neonatal Infections And Jaundice Flashcards
Infection overview: infections in neonate:
Why at risk?
1) Less immune system
What are signs and symptoms of infection? Sepsis
1) Vomitting
2) Poor feeding
3) Lethargy
Congenital
What is early onset sepsis?
Infection within 72 hours of birth
Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS)
Typical vertical transmission
6 percent in mortality
Group b strep
Strep agalactiae
Gram positive cocci in chains
Beta haemolytic
Colonisers of 10-30 % GU tract
Risk factors for GBS
GBS colonisation
GBS bacteriuria
Preterm labour
Previous GBS by
Neonatal management:
Treatment
BEnpen + gentamicin - Treat empirically
Late onset sepsis:
INfection sepsis - 72 hours
Mortality- 2-20%
Causes: Coa negative staph Staph aureus E.coli GBS Salmonella
Congenital infections:
CMV
Rubella
Syphillis
HSV
CMV -
Is a common Upeper respiratory tract
What is congenital CMV?
Causes:
1) IUGR
2) Prematurity
3) Microcephaly
4) Conjugated hyper
5) Peticheal
6) Sensorineural hearing loss (most common cause that’s not genetic)
Diagnosis: Congenital CMV
Diagnosis: PCR Blood/urine/swab
Eye review by ophthalmology
Congenital rubella
Increasing rare:
Highest risk during first trimester
UGR
What is congenital syphilis?
Untreated syphilis - associated with increased risk of stillbirth, neonatal death
Neonatal HSV
Transmission during birth
Jaundice: Neonatal jaundice
Can be normal
Can be bad - kernicterus (CP +deafness)
Causes by timing:
Early? Within 24 hours
> 24 hours -
Within 24 hours - haemolysis- (rhesus, ABO incompatiability)
