Introduction to Pregnancy: Dr Cecelia obrien Flashcards
Intorduction to pregnancy:
What is pregnancy?
What are the trimesters?
40 weeks of gestation of human in fetus develops inside uterus
Need to think about pregnancy in 4 parts:
1) Uterus
2) Placenta
3) Fetus
4) Mother
Explain spermatogenesis
Oogenesis? Explain
Fertilisation: Stages of maturation
What keeps the blastocyst alive while prior to implantation - corepues luteum allows for this
What is implantation?
Early embyronic development:
stages- Weeks: At what week do you starthaving all 4 limbs
What should have occured (or matured in fetus byy the end of the first simester) ?
When do fetal abnormlaities occur?
diagnosed at 11-13 weeks
Fetal abnormalities:
Outline some examples:
Uterine issues:
Need to think about around pregnancy:
Effect and outcomes:
Different shapes?
Uterine blood flow?
Fibroids?
The placenta:
Factors- effect-outcome:
Location of implantation?
Membrane integrity?
Placentation?
Interface between placenta and mother?
Blood flow to the placenta:
The mother:
Factors? Effect? Outcome?
Obesity?
Pre-existing medical conditions?
Genetic conditions?
Drugs and alcohol? Medications? infections?
What are TORCH infections:
Toxoplasmosis
Other
R
C
H
The Fetus:
Factor: effect: outcome
- 23 pairs of chromosones + set of sex
Understanding Multiple pregnancy:
Need to understand how and why they occur:-
- It becomes an issue when babies share the same placenta - (IUGR)
- twin to twin transfusion syndrome: Need to know
*
What is chorionicity?
Why is it important for twins?
DC twins vs MC twins - Look at the loss rates
What is Twin to Twin transfusion syndrome?
Why do we need good antenatal care?
Because the advent of hospital care- Decreased maternal death rates - from 30%
- 1 in 10 develop preclampsia
- 3 in 10 have obstructed birth - requiring
- 2 in 10 will have decent pph
What makes pregnancy high risk?
10-15% of pregnancies are classes as high risk.
What antenatal screening is done? List 6 over course of antenatal peroid
Labor/birth/post natal
neonatal/fetal
Psychological
Perinatal and maternal mortality: Facts numbers: read
Antenatal visit schedule:
What are the aims of antenatal care?
List 5:
