Neonatal & Foal Disorders

Question 1

How do you safely restrain a foal for a neonatal exam

Answer 1

By placing one arm under the neck around the chest and the other arm lifts the tail up over the back

Question 2

List 3 things that should be checked during the initial neonatal exam

Answer 2

1. Mucus membranes
2. Normal capillary refill
3. Look for Malocclusion

Question 3

Normal foal heart rate

Answer 3

Range from 60 and 110 beats per minute

Question 4

A nursings foals heart rate after 1 month of age is?

Answer 4

70-90 beats per minute

Question 5

After the first hour post parturition foals should have ——— breathes per minute

Answer 5

25-30 breathes per minute

Question 6

What can tender abdomen be a sign of ?

Answer 6

Impact/urinary tract issues

Question 7

What is the normal temperature of a foal for the first five days ?

Answer 7

37.5-39.2 degrees Celsius

Question 8

What is the rectal temperature for foals under one month of age ?

Answer 8

37.2-38.9 degrees Celsius

Question 9

How long till a foal passes urine after birth ?

Answer 9

Up two 6 hours

Question 10

What kind of urination if normal for newborn foals ?

Answer 10

Frequent and watery

Question 11

How many hours after birth do foals receive immunity from colostral immunoglobulins?

Answer 11

6-12 hrs

Question 12

List 3 signs of (FPT) failure of passive transfer

Answer 12

1. Elevated Temperature
2. Weak Foals
3. Early Signs of Septicaemia

Question 13

How is FPT diagnosed

Answer 13

Blood sample taken between 18-24hrs after birth

Question 14

2 treatments for FPT

Answer 14

1.colostrum administrated orally
2. Oral administration of lyophilized equine LgG

Question 15

What will foals require if FPT is determined?

Answer 15

Serum transfusion

Question 16

List 3 signs of meconium retention

Answer 16

1. Foal appears restless
2. Heart & respiration rate rises
3. Getting up and down lots

Question 17

List two ways menconium retention is diagnosed

Answer 17

1. Rectal Exam
2. Relux through nasogastric tube

Question 18

List 5 types of diarrhea foals might be susceptible to

Answer 18

1. Foal heat diarrhea
2. Nutritional diarrhea
3. Parasitic diarrhea
4. Bacterial diarrhea
5. Viral diarrhea

Question 19

Common causes for nutritional diarrhea

Answer 19

1. Excessive amounts of milk
2. Overfeeding
3. Foals separate from mare

Question 20

Treatment for nutritional diarrhea

Answer 20

1. Kaolin/pectin to coat bowels
2. Maintaining hydration

Question 21

What is the treatment for parasitic diarrhea?

Answer 21

Deworming foal

Question 22

What is the most common sign of gastroduodenal ulcers ?

Answer 22

Diarrhea

Question 23

What is Dummy Foal Syndrome believed to be the result of ?

Answer 23

Decreased oxygen reaching the foals tissues during birth

Question 24

List 4 signs of Dummy Foal Syndrome

Answer 24

1. Slow suckle response
2. Aimlessly wandering
3. Lying prone
4. Loss of Muscle Tone

Question 25

What treatments are available for Dummy Foal syndrome?

Answer 25

1. Tube Fed 2. Antibiotics

Question 26

What is the name of the technique used to treat Dummy Foal Syndrome?

Answer 26

Madigan Squeeze

Question 27

What must be done immediately in the event of a red bag?

Answer 27

Placenta should be ruptured w/ a knife or a pair of scissors