Neonatal & Foal Disorders Flashcards
How do you safely restrain a foal for a neonatal exam
By placing one arm under the neck around the chest and the other arm lifts the tail up over the back
List 3 things that should be checked during the initial neonatal exam
- Mucus membranes
- Normal capillary refill
- Look for Malocclusion
Normal foal heart rate
Range from 60 and 110 beats per minute
A nursings foals heart rate after 1 month of age is?
70-90 beats per minute
After the first hour post parturition foals should have ——— breathes per minute
25-30 breathes per minute
What can tender abdomen be a sign of ?
Impact/urinary tract issues
What is the normal temperature of a foal for the first five days ?
37.5-39.2 degrees Celsius
What is the rectal temperature for foals under one month of age ?
37.2-38.9 degrees Celsius
How long till a foal passes urine after birth ?
Up two 6 hours
What kind of urination if normal for newborn foals ?
Frequent and watery
How many hours after birth do foals receive immunity from colostral immunoglobulins?
6-12 hrs
List 3 signs of (FPT) failure of passive transfer
- Elevated Temperature
- Weak Foals
- Early Signs of Septicaemia
How is FPT diagnosed
Blood sample taken between 18-24hrs after birth
2 treatments for FPT
1.colostrum administrated orally
2. Oral administration of lyophilized equine LgG
What will foals require if FPT is determined?
Serum transfusion
List 3 signs of meconium retention
- Foal appears restless
- Heart & respiration rate rises
- Getting up and down lots
List two ways menconium retention is diagnosed
- Rectal Exam
- Relux through nasogastric tube
List 5 types of diarrhea foals might be susceptible to
- Foal heat diarrhea
- Nutritional diarrhea
- Parasitic diarrhea
- Bacterial diarrhea
- Viral diarrhea
Common causes for nutritional diarrhea
- Excessive amounts of milk
- Overfeeding
- Foals separate from mare
Treatment for nutritional diarrhea
- Kaolin/pectin to coat bowels
- Maintaining hydration
What is the treatment for parasitic diarrhea?
Deworming foal
What is the most common sign of gastroduodenal ulcers ?
Diarrhea
What is Dummy Foal Syndrome believed to be the result of ?
Decreased oxygen reaching the foals tissues during birth
List 4 signs of Dummy Foal Syndrome
- Slow suckle response
- Aimlessly wandering
- Lying prone
- Loss of Muscle Tone
What treatments are available for Dummy Foal syndrome?
- Tube Fed
- Antibiotics
What is the name of the technique used to treat Dummy Foal Syndrome?
Madigan Squeeze
What must be done immediately in the event of a red bag?
Placenta should be ruptured w/ a knife or a pair of scissors