Neolithic Agriculture and Technology Flashcards
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What does the term “Neolithic era” mean today?
It refers to the early stages of agricultural society, 12 thousand to 6 thousand years ago
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Do scholars believe men or women invented agriculture?
Scholars believe women invented agriculture
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What were some of the first crops people domesticated? Where?
People domesticated wheat and barley in modern day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey
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What were some of the first animals domesticated in southwest Asia?
Sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle
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To where did agriculture spread from southwest Asia?
It spread to the shores of the Mediterranean and the Balkan region of Eastern Europe and later to Western Europe north of the Mediterranean
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What is the name of one of the earliest agricultural techniques?
Slash-and-burn cultivation
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How did certain food cultivated in only one region spread?
The knowledge of the crops cultivated spread with the merchants, migrants, and other travelers
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How did towns and villages emerge in Neolithic times?
People no longer relied on foraging so they decided to stay near their farmland which created permanent settlements which grew larger and larger
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What did the concentration of large numbers of people in villages encourage?
Specialization of labor
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What did people usually specialize in in Neolithic villages?
Cultivation of crops and domestication of animals, but people specialized in other things too
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What artifacts did archaeologists find in Neolithic villages?
They found evidence of pots, baskets, textiles, leather, stone and metal tools, wood carvings, carpets, beads, and jewelry
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What were the three early craft industries?
Pottery, metallurgy, and textiles were the three early cart industries
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What was the earliest of the three early craft industries?
Pottery was the earliest of the early craft industries
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What was the earliest metal humans systematically worked with?
Copper was the earliest metal people worked with
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How did social distinctions emerge in Neolithic times?
The concentration of people and the increasing specialization of labor allowed people to accumulate wealth
