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Para 3 > Nematodes General Features > Flashcards

Nematodes General Features Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Pick the class of nematodes that is correctly paired with its characteristics
    a. Adenophorea: monodelphic & has phasmids
    b. Adenophorea: polydelphic & has no phasmids
    c. Secernentea: polydelphic & has no phasmids
    d. Secernentea: polydelphic & has phasmids
A

d. Secernentea: polydelphic & has phasmids

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2
Q
  1. How many molts do larvae normally go through and what larval stage is often the most infective?
    a. 4 molts; L1 stage
    b. 4 molts; L3 stage
    c. 2 molts; L1 stage
    d. 4 molts; L4 stage
A

b. 4 molts; L3 stage

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following characteristics does NOT describe the morphology of an adult Nematode?
    a. Incomplete digestive system
    b. Cylindrical and tubelike shape
    c. Presence of a cuticle
    d. Developed nervous and excretory system
A

a. Incomplete digestive system

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4
Q
  1. Which is a striking difference between cestodes and nematodes?
    a. Nematodes are generally larger than cestodes
    b. Cestodes are the largest group of helminthic infections of humans
    c. Nematodes have a complete digestive system, while cestodes do not
    d. Only cestodes have a cuticle
A

c. Nematodes have a complete digestive system, while cestodes do not

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5
Q
  1. The Nematode male is smaller than the female.
    True
    False
A

True

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6
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT true about the Phylum Nematoda?
    a. not host specific
    b. the digestive tract is divided into two parts called the foregut and the hindgut
    c. most nematodes do not multiply in the human host
    d. they are the largest group of helminthic infections of humans
A

b. the digestive tract is divided into two parts called the foregut and the hindgut

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7
Q
  1. A general characteristic of nematodes is that their shape is cylindrical and tubelike.
    True
    False
A

True

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8
Q
  1. Parasitic nematodes derive much of their energy from the metabolism of glucose.
    True
    False
A

True

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9
Q

9.Nematodes that parasitize humans are assigned to either the class Secernentea or the Adenophorea.
True
False

A

True

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10
Q
  1. The presence of enzymes in the cuticle indicates that it is metabolically active, not an inert covering.
    True
    False
A

True

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11
Q
  1. The ___________ is the most diverse of the cuticular layers.
    a. Epicuticle
    b. Exocuticle
    c. Mesocuticle
    d. Endocuticle
A

c. Mesocuticle

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12
Q
  1. Aphasmidea have amphids at the anterior and posterior end.
    True
    False
A

False

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13
Q
  1. The midgut of a Nematode is a straight tube lined with ___ layer(s) of cells.
    a. 0
    b. 1
    c. 2
    d. 3
A

b. 1

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14
Q
  1. Which of these techniques for egg detection can detect protozoa?
    a. Direct Saline Smear
    b. Kato Thick Smear
    c. All of the above
    d. None of the above
A

a. Direct Saline Smear

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15
Q
  1. Which concentration method is best for Nematode eggs?
    a. Sedimentation in water
    b. Zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation
    * c. Flotation with the use of brine
    d. All are equally effective
A

*c. Flotation with the use of brine

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16
Q
  1. Eggs are released in feces to the environment for further development.
    a. True
    b. False
A

a. True

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17
Q
  1. What occurs during molting?
    a. The nematode sheds old cuticle, but does not produce a new one
    b. Old cuticle is replaced with new
    c. Aided by the production of exsheathing fluid
    d. both b and c
A

d. both b and c

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18
Q
  1. What is the arrested stage of development for a nematode called?
    a. hypobiosis
    b. hyperbiosis
    c. symbiosis
    d. none of the above
A

a. hypobiosis

19
Q
  1. Daily output of eggs varies among species of nematodes.
    True
    False
A

True

20
Q
  1. A male nematode’s penis is known as ______.
    a. copulatory spicule
    b. gubernaculums
    c. cloaca
    d. rachis
A

c. cloaca

21
Q
  1. Direct saline smear is a technique for detecting eggs in patients heavily infected with nematodes.
    a. True
    b. False
A

a. True

22
Q
  1. Kato Thick Smear is used to detect protozoa, but not helminth eggs.
    a. True
    b. False
A

b. False

23
Q
  1. Nematodes generally multiply in their human host.
    a. True
    b. False
A

b. False

24
Q
  1. The inner membrane, fertilization membrane, and chitinous shell of parasitic nematode eggs are secreted by the uterus.
    a. True
    b. False
A

b. False

25
Q
  1. In nematodes the {} is the area of the digestive tract that contains hooks, spines, cutting plates, or other structures used in attachment or penetrating tissue.
A

foregut

26
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about eggs of parasitic nematodes? Pick all that apply.
    a. typically have 3 layers
    b. All eggs are fertilized
    c. eggs in filarial worms hatch in the uterus
    d. All eggs are passed out through the host’s feces.
A

c. eggs in filarial worms hatch in the uterus

a. typically have 3 layers

27
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about the larval stages of nematode parasites? Pick all that apply.
    a. Development proceeds through a series of molts
    b. there is a total of 3 molts
    c. generally the most infective larval stage is L3
    * d. Larval forms can be arrested for extended periods
A

c. generally the most infective larval stage is L3

a. Development proceeds through a series of molts

28
Q
  1. 8 times more people are infected by hookworms than malaria .
    a. True
    b. False
A

a. True

29
Q
  1. Match the longitudinal muscle type with its appropriate description.
    [multiple rows of cells] 1. Polymyarian
    [no more than 2 rows of cells] 2. Holomyarian
    [two to five rows of cells] 3. Meromyarian
A
  1. Match the longitudinal muscle type with its appropriate description.
    [multiple rows of cells] 1. Polymyarian
    [no more than 2 rows of cells] 2. Holomyarian
    [two to five rows of cells] 3. Meromyarian
30
Q
  1. Nematode intestines have ____ layer(s) of cells.
    a. 1
    b. 2
    c. 3
    d. 4
A

a. 1

31
Q
  1. Which is most effective at selectively detecting helminth eggs?
    a. Direct Saline Smear
    b. Kato Thick Smear
    c. Both of the above
    d. None of the above
A

b. Kato Thick Smear

32
Q
  1. Zinc Sulfate Centrifugal Flotation is an effective concentration method for all of these except:
    a. Protozoan Cysts
    b. Protozoan Trophozoites
    c. Trematode Eggs
    d. Nematode Larvae
A

d. Nematode Larvae

b. Protozoan Trophozoites

33
Q
  1. Flotation using brine is an effective concentration method for:
    a. Cestode eggs
    b. Nematode eggs
    c. Trematode eggs
    d. Protozoan eggs
A

b. Nematode eggs

34
Q
  1. Strongyloids are the only genus of Nematodes that don’t multiply in the human host.
    True
    False
A

False

35
Q
  1. Nematodes’ nervous and excretory systems are characterized by {} and {} commissures.
A

circumesophageal

rectal | Rectal

36
Q
  1. The flotation concentration method uses _____ as the medium.
    a. Formaline
    b. Zinc Sulfate
    c. Brine
    d. Both b and c
A

d. Both b and c

37
Q
  1. Which is/are not true about the pseudocoelom? Check all that apply.
    a. The pseudocoelom is the fluid filled body cavity.
    b. The pseudocoelom is another name for the middle layer of the cuticle.
    c. The pseudocoelom is the lubricating fluid between the two layers of the cuticle.
    d. The pseudocoelom is fully lined by mesodermal cells.
A

b. The pseudocoelom is another name for the middle layer of the cuticle.
c. The pseudocoelom is the lubricating fluid between the two layers of the cuticle.
d. The pseudocoelom is fully lined by mesodermal cells.

38
Q
  1. Match the scientific name with the common name.
    [Whipworm] 1. Trichuris trichiuria
    [Threadworm] 2. Strongyloides stercoralis
    [Hookworm] 3. Necator americanus
A

[Whipworm] 1. Trichuris trichiuria
[Threadworm] 2. Strongyloides stercoralis
[Hookworm] 3. Necator americanus

39
Q
  1. What describes when the female reproductive organs develop after a male’s reproductive organs disappear in strongyloides?
    a. dioecious
    b. protandrogonous
    c. spicules
    d. hologenic
A

b. protandrogonous

40
Q
  1. Where are sperm stored?
    a. spicules
    b. spermatheca
    c. Spermadrive
    d. none of the above
A

b. spermatheca

41
Q
  1. Nematodes are host specific.
    True
    False
A

False

42
Q
  1. Structural variation of nematode {} are exploited in diagnosis and in taxonomic classification.
A

Larvae | larvae

43
Q
  1. When a nematode’s life cycle temporarily stops until better conditions are present it is called:
    a. homeostasis
    b. hypobiosis
    c. telogonic
    d. hologenic
A

b. hypobiosis

44
Q
  1. All of the following are true regarding Strongyloides stercoralis (the threadworm) except:
    a. Strongyloides fuelleborni is an exception for the most part because the eggs are found in feces
    b. Children playing in dirt are more susceptible to this infection
    c. Larval form can spread from mother to infant via breast milk
    d. In definitive host blood vessels and lymph nodes are infected whereas in the indefinitive host creeping eruption occurs
    e. Consist of a cutaneous and a pulmonary phase
    f. People that take steroids tend to have higher levels on infections
    g. None of the above
A

g. None of the above

Para 3 (5 decks)

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