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Nematodes > Nematodes > Flashcards

Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the general shape of nematodes?

A) Circular
B) Elongated and cylindrical
C) Segmented
D) Triangular

A

B) Elongated and cylindrical

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2
Q

How are nematodes classified in terms of gender?

A) Monogamous
B) Hermaphroditic
C) Dioecious
D) Asexual

A

C) Dioecious

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3
Q

How can you distinguish a male nematode from a female?
A) Longer body with a straight tail
B) Shorter body with a straight tail
C) shorter body with a dorsally curved tail
D) Shorter body with a ventrally curved tail

A

C) shorter body with a dorsally curved tail

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4
Q

Does nematodes possessing a complete mouth, nervous system, and digestive system?

A

Yes

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5
Q

In a heteroxenous nematode life cycle, which host serves as the 1st (definitive) host?
A) Intermediate host
B) Homoxenous host
C) Primary host
D) Secondary host

A

C) Primary host

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6
Q

What type of host can serve as both definitive and intermediate in a heteroxenous nematode life cycle?

A) Secondary host
B) Tertiary host
C) Homoxenous host
D) Intermediate host

A

A) Secondary host

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7
Q

Which part of the nematode possesses cephalic chemoreceptors?

A) Tail
B) Body
C) Head
D) Midsection

A

C) Head

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8
Q

What type of chemoreceptors are found in the posterior (tail) region of nematodes?

A) Caudal chemoreceptors
B) Cephalic chemoreceptors
C) Midsection chemoreceptors
D) Tail chemoreceptors

A

A) Caudal chemoreceptors

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9
Q

Which group of nematodes lacks caudal chemoreceptors?

A) Aphasmids
B) Phasmids
C) Cephalids
D) Tailoids

A

A) Aphasmids

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10
Q

What is the function of phasmids in nematodes?

A) Sensory organs in the head
B) Caudal chemoreceptors
C) Midsection chemoreceptors
D) Reproductive organs

A

B) Caudal chemoreceptors

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11
Q

Which nematodes belong to the group of aphasmids?

A) T. spiralis
B) T. trichiura
C) C. philippinensis
D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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12
Q

Which intestinal nematode is known as the “pudoc worm”?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Strongyloides stercoralis
D) Necator americanus

A

A) Capillaria philippinensis

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13
Q

What is the largest intestinal nematode, also referred to as the “giant intestinal” or “Eelworm”?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Strongyloides stercoralis
D) Necator americanus

A

B) Ascaris lumbricoides

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14
Q

Which intestinal nematode is recognized as the smallest and is commonly known as the “threadworm”?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Strongyloides stercoralis
D) Necator americanus

A

C) Strongyloides stercoralis

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15
Q

What is the term for the NEW world hookworm, also referred to as the human hookworm?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Strongyloides stercoralis
D) Necator americanus

A

D) Necator americanus

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16
Q

Which intestinal nematode is known as the Old world hookworm?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Ancylostoma duodenale
D) Trichuris trichura

A

C) Ancylostoma duodenale

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17
Q

What is the common name for Trichuris trichura?

A

Whipworm

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18
Q

Which intestinal nematode is commonly known as the Pinworm or Seatworm?
A) Capillaria philippinensis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Strongyloides stercoralis
D) Enterobius vermicularis

A

D) Enterobius vermicularis

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19
Q

What is another name for Trichinella spiralis?
A) Pork muscle roundworm
B) Guinea worm
C) Draculuncus medinensis
D) Serpent worm

A

A) Pork muscle roundworm

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20
Q

Which of the following is commonly known as Guinea worm?
A) Trichinella spiralis
B) Draculuncus medinensis
C) Trichina worm
D) Serpent worm

A

B) Draculuncus medinensis

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21
Q

Which filarial worm primarily affects the lower lymphatics?
A) Wuchereria bancrofti
B) Brugia malayi
C) Banchroft’s filarial
D) Alayan filaria

A

A) Wuchereria bancrofti

22
Q

What is the main filarial worm associated with the upper lymphatics?
A) Wuchereria bancrofti
B) Brugia malayi
C) Banchroft’s filarial
D) Alayan filaria

A

B) Brugia malayi

23
Q

Which of the following parasites is associated with subcutaneous dipetalonema in chimpanzees?
A. Loa loa
B. Onchocerca volvulus
C. Mansonella streptocerca
D. None of the above

A

C. Mansonella streptocerca

24
Q

Which of the following subcutaneous filarial parasites is associated with blindness?

A. Loa loa
B. Onchocerca volvulus
C. Mansonella streptocerca
D. Dipetalonema (chimpanzee)

A

B. Onchocerca volvulus

25
Q

Which parasitic worm is known as the eye worm but does not cause blindness?

A) Loa loa
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Taenia solium
D) Wuchereria bancrofti

A

A) Loa loa

26
Q

Which of the following is associated with Mansonella ozzardi?
A. Ozzard’s filaria
B. New World filaria
C. Persistent filaria
D. Both A and B

A

D. Both A and B

27
Q

What is another name for Mansonella perstans?
A. Ozzard’s filaria
B. New World filaria
C. Persistent filaria
D. None of the above

A

C. Persistent filaria

28
Q

What is Toxocara cati?
a) Ascaris of Dogs
b) Ascaris of Cats
c) Cat Hookworm
d) Dog Heartworm

A

b) Ascaris of Cats

29
Q

Which nematode is known as the “Ascaris of Dogs”?
a) Toxocara cati
b) Toxocara canis
c) Ancylostoma braziliense
d) Dirofilaria immitis

A

b) Toxocara canis

30
Q

Ancylostoma braziliense is associated with:
a) Cat Hookworm
b) Dog Heartworm
c) Rat Lungworm
d) Dog Hookworm

A

a) Cat Hookworm

31
Q

What is the scientific name for Dog Hookworm?
a) Toxocara cati
b) Toxocara canis
c) Ancylostoma braziliense
d) Ancylostoma caninum

A

d) Ancylostoma caninum

32
Q

Dirofilaria immitis is commonly known as:
a) Cat Hookworm
b) Dog Heartworm
c) Rat Lungworm
d) Ascaris of Dogs

A

b) Dog Heartworm

33
Q

Which nematode is referred to as Rat Lungworm?
a) Toxocara cati
b) Toxocara canis
c) Ancylostoma braziliense
d) Angiostrongylus cantonensis

A

d) Angiostrongylus cantonensis

34
Q

What is the infective stage?

A) Diagnostic stage
B) Developmental stage
C) Manner of transmission stage
D) Specimen detection stage

A

B) Developmental stage

35
Q

How is the infective stage transmitted?

A) Ingestion
B) Skin penetration
C) Inhalation
D) Skin inoculation
E) All of the above

A

E) All of the above

36
Q

Which stage do we search for in specimens to detect infection?

A) Infective stage
B) Developmental stage
C) Manner of transmission stage
D) Diagnostic stage

A

D) Diagnostic stage

37
Q

In the diagnosis of amoebiasis, what is the preferred specimen for detecting diagnostic stages such as cysts or trophozoites?

A) Blood
B) Urine
C) Stool
D) Saliva

A

C) Stool

38
Q

Which of the following parasites undergoes Heart to Lung migration?

A) Hookworms
B) Ascaris
C) Strongyloides
D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

39
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage and mode of transmission of A. Lumbricoides

A

Habitat: small intestine
Infective stage: embryonated egg
Mode of transmission: ingestion of embryonated egg

40
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of T. Trichiura

A

Habitat: large intestine
Infective stage: egg with larva inside ready to hatch
Mode of transmission: ingestion of embryonated egg

41
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, mode of transmission of E. Vermicularis

A

Habitat: large intestine
Infective stage: embryonated egg
Mode of transmission: ingestion

42
Q

Which helminth is ranked as the #1 worldwide?

A) Ascaris
B) Trichuris
C) Enterobius vermicularis
D) None of the above

A

C) Enterobius vermicularis

43
Q

What term is used to describe an egg that contains fully developed larvae within its shell?

A) Oviparous
B) Viviparous
C) Embryonated
D) Ovoviviparous

A

C) Embryonated

44
Q

Which of the following is the most common helminth worldwide?

A) Enterobius vermicularis (#1 helminth)
B) Ascaris (#2)
C) Trichuris (#3)
D) None of the above

A

A) Enterobius vermicularis (#1 helminth worldwide)

45
Q

Which method is recommended for the diagnosis of Enterobius vermicularis (E. Vermicularis) infection?

A) Blood test
B) Urine sample
C) Stool culture
D) Scotch tape swab

A

D) Scotch tape swab (collect at night or early morning before bath)

46
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of C. Philippinensis

A

Habitat: small intestine
Infective stage: ingestion of larva
Mode of transmission: ingestion of larva ff. Consumption of raw fishes

47
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of D. Medinensis

A

Habitat: subcutaneous tissues
Infective stage: ingestion of larva
Mode of transmission: ingestion of larva after consuming contaminated water

48
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of S. Stercoralis

A

Habitat: small intestine
Infective stage: filariform larva
Mode of transmission: skin penetration (dorsum of feet)

49
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of N. Americanus

A

Habitat: small intestine
Infective stage: filariform larva
Mode of transmission: skin penetration (dorsum of feet)

50
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of A. Duodenale

A

Habitat: small intestine
Infective stage: filariform larva
Mode of transmission: skin penetration (dorsum of feet)

51
Q

Give the habitat, infective stage, and mode of transmission of T. Spiralis

A

Habitat: intestinal (adult:SI) & extraintestinal- larva: striated muscles-skeletal and cardiac

Infective stage: encysted larvae in muscle of definitive host

Mode of transmission: ingestion of encysted larva ff: consumption of inadequately cooked pork

Nematodes (6 decks)

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