Neisseria Gonorrhoea Flashcards
To understand and reproduce information about Neisseria Gonorrhoea
What is the difference between gram negative and gram positive bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have thick peptidoglycan layers that retain the crystal violet stain used in Gram staining, resulting in a purple appearance under a microscope. They have a simpler cell wall and lack an outer membrane.
Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer situated between an inner cell membrane and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides. They do not retain the crystal violet stain and appear pink or red after being counterstained with safranin.
Gram-positive bacteria are more susceptible to antibiotics that target peptidoglycan, such as penicillin.
Gram-negative bacteria are often more resistant due to their outer membrane, which can prevent the entry of some antibiotics.
Describe the shape of “Neisseria Gonorrhoea”
Diplococci Coffee bean shape
Which virulence factors are associated with Neisseria Gonorrhoea?
Attachement Pili
Lipo-oligosaccharide endotoxin activity (TNF-Alpha)
IgA1 protease
Opa protein
Breifly describe how Neisseria Gonorrhoea is transmitted.
During sexual intercourse, the bacteria adheres to columnar epithelial cells in the urogenital tract with the aid of pili and Opa proteins. Iga inactivates host immunoglobulin allowing them to pass epithelial cells without issues.
Capsules surrounding the bacteria also allow it to evade phagocytocis.
LOS damages cells and causes symptoms associated with the infection and also attaches to sperm cells leading to transmission from males to other uninfected partners.
What symptoms does Neisseria Gonorrhoea cause in men?
Urethritis
Epididymitis
Prostatitis
Dysuria
Urethral discharge
What symptoms does Neisseria Gonorrhoea cause in women?
Acute endometrititis
Salpingitis
Acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Painful sex and bleeding between periods
How is Neisseria Gonorrhoea treated?
Single dose injection of Ceftriaxone
Describe the motility features of Neisseria Gonorrhoea and their reaction to oxidase and catalase test.
Neisseria Gonorrhoea is a non motile bacteria that tests positive for Oxidase and Catalase test
