Neisseria

Question 1

Non-pathogenic Neisseria species may colonize in the

Answer 1

oropharynx, nasopharynx, anogenital mucosal membrane

Question 2

Neisseria produce acid from sugar through ____ metabolism

Answer 2

oxidative

Question 3

what are the strict human pathogen for Neisseria?

Answer 3

N. meningiditis and N. gonorrhoeae

Question 4

____ may colonize the nasopharynx of healthy ppl without causing disease

Answer 4

N. meningiditis

Question 5

N. meningitidis oxidizes glucose and ____

Answer 5

maltose

Question 6

N.meningitidis vs. N.gonorrhoeae.

grows on blood agar or chocolate agar

Answer 6

N. meningitidis

Question 7

N.meningitidis vs. N.gonorrhoeae.

cannot grow on blood agar or nutrient agar, requires chocolate agar

Answer 7

N. gonorrhoeae

Question 8

N.meningitidis vs. N.gonorrhoeae.

fastidious growth, require temp of 35-37, humid atmosphere with 5% carbon dioxide

Answer 8

N. gonorrhoeae

Question 9

N. gonorrhoeae easily transmitted by

Answer 9

sexually from person to person

Question 10

N.meningitidis vs. N.gonorrhoeae.

which one has polysaccharide capsule

Answer 10

N. meningitidis

Question 11

N.meningitidis vs. N.gonorrhoeae.

which one does not have a capsule, but has a “capsule-like” negative surface charge

Answer 11

N. gonorrhoeae

Question 12

what is the important virulence factor for Neisseria species?

Answer 12

Pili

Question 13

Antigenic variation of pilin protein allows ____ with the same strain

Answer 13

re-infection

Question 14

expressed in N. meningiditis only

Answer 14

Por A

Question 15

expressed in both N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningiditis

Answer 15

Por B

Question 16

what does Por B do?

Answer 16

facilitate invasion, protects bacteria from host inflammatory response and killing by complement, and prevents degranulation of neutrophils, allowing gonococci to survive inside of host cells

Question 17

_____ protect surface antigen on bacterial cells from recognition by bactericidal antibodies

Answer 17

Rmp proteins

Question 18

___ mediate binding to host cells and important for bacterial cell-to-cell signaling

Answer 18

Opa proteins

Question 19

specific bacterial surface receptors bind to human ____ molecules to scavenge iron from the host for bacterial metabolism

Answer 19

transferrin

Question 20

Gonococci can have additional surface receptors to bind to ____ and ____

Answer 20

hemoglobin and lactoferrin

Question 21

___ coats outer membrane blebs that are released during rapid cell growth that enhance endotoxin activity

Answer 21

LOS

Question 22

Both N. meningiditis and N. gonorrhoeae produce ____, which cleaves IgA2 antibodies, making them inactive

Answer 22

immunoglobuline A1 protease

Question 23

Gonococcal LOS stimulates release of ___ from host immune cells, which causes most of the symptoms associated with gonococcal disease

Answer 23

tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a)

Question 24

disseminated infection of skin and joints with septicemia is

Answer 24

Gonococcemia

Question 25

Meningococci are internalized into ____ but avoid being killed- mediated by ___

Answer 25

phagocytic vesicles; capsule

Question 26

vascular damage from meningococcal infection is mostly due to the action of ____

Answer 26

LOS endotoxin

Question 27

endemic meningococcal disease occurs ___, leading to epidemics occurring in ____ countries

Answer 27

worldwide; developing

Question 28

____ occurs when a new virulent strain is introduced into an immunologically naive population

Answer 28

epidemic spread for N. meningitidis

Question 29

N. meningitidis transmitted by ___ between people in prolonged close contact

Answer 29

respiratory droplets

Question 30

begins abruptly with headache, neck stiffness, vomiting, fever, and meningeal signs

Answer 30

symptoms of meningitis

Question 31

what is Brudzinski sign?

Answer 31

knees bend and hips flex when chin is pused toward chest. one of Meningeal signs

Question 32

what is Kernig’s sign?

Answer 32

pain and resistance when knees are straightened

Question 33

____ tests (PCR) are used to directly detect N.gonorrhoeae in clinical specimen

Answer 33

Nucleic acid amplification (NAA)