Haemophilus

Question 1

what family have small, often pleiomorphic (displaying different shapes in different conditions)?

Answer 1

Pasteurellaceae

Question 2

____ species require supplementation of media with one or both growth-stimulating factors

Answer 2

Haemophilus

Question 3

what are the growth-stimulating factors for Haemophilus?

Answer 3

X factor and V factor

Question 4

oxidized form of heme

Answer 4

X factor

Question 5

NAD

Answer 5

V factor

Question 6

both X and V factors are present in _____, but sheep blood agar contains enzymatic inhibitors of which factor?

Answer 6

blood-enriched medias; V factor

Question 7

___ is used to isolate Haemophlius; heating blood destroys inhibitors but leaves X and V factors intact

Answer 7

chocolate agar

Question 8

Haemophilus adhere to host cells via ___ and as well as ___

Answer 8

pili; non-pilus structures

Question 9

H. influenzae have polysaccharide capsules?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

what type of H. influenzae is the clinically most virulent strain?

Answer 10

H. influenzae type b

Question 11

what kind of capsule does type b have?

Answer 11

Polyribitol phosphate (PRP) capsule

Question 12

____ capsule is the major virulence factor of Hib

Answer 12

antiphogocytic PRP

Question 13

Hib vaccine targets the ___ of Hib

Answer 13

PRP capsule

Question 14

H. parainfluenzae and non-encapsulated strains of H. influenzae colonize the ____ of nearly all ppl as part of a normal microbiome

Answer 14

mucosal membrane of upper respiratory tract

H. para in mouth

Question 15

H. para and non-encapsulated can cause disease when it spread to

Answer 15

ears, sinuses, lower respiratory tract

Question 16

is encapsulated H. influenzae strains are part of normal microbiome?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

encapsulated H. influenzae strains cause disease in ____, patients with ____, or patients who have undergone ____

Answer 17

unvaccinated children, depletion of complement, splenectomy

Question 18

absence of antibodies leads to -_____

Answer 18

high-grade bacteremia

Question 19

most Haemophilus infections are ____ from ____ microbiome

Answer 19

endogenous infection; oropharyngeal microbiome

Question 20

____ is an important cause of disease (chancroid) in Africa and Asia

Answer 20

H. ducreyi

Question 21

Aggregatibactor actinomycetemcomitans and Aggregatibacter aphrophilus colonize in human ___

Answer 21

mouth

Question 22

A. actinomycetemcomitans and A. aphrophilus are extremely ____

Answer 22

adherent

Question 23

A. actinomycetemcomitans also causes

Answer 23

localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and bite wound infections

Question 24

Pasteurella have polysaccharide capsule?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

Polysaccharide capsule in Pasteurella composed of

Answer 25

hyaluronic acid

Question 26

what antibiotic is susceptible for Pasteurella?

Answer 26

penicillin