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Endocrine SB > Neck Lumps > Flashcards

Neck Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

what bounds the anterior triangle

A

mandible superiorly
midline medially
anterior border SCM laterally

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2
Q

what bounds the posterior triangle

A

posterior border SCM anteriorly
anterior border trapezius laterally
clavicle inferiorly

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3
Q

what are causes of superficial swellings

A

Sebaceous Cysts
Lipomas
Neurofibromas

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4
Q

what are causes of midline swellings

A

Thyroid
Thyroglossal Cyst
Dermoid Cyst

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5
Q

what questions are important to think about with neck lumps during examination

A

Does it move on swallowing

Does it move on sticking out the tongue

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6
Q

what are causes of anterior triangles swellings

A

Lymph Nodes
Branchial Cyst
Salivary glands
Carotid Body Tumour

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7
Q

what are causes of posterior triangle swellings

A

lymph nodes

cystic hygroma

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8
Q

what are the most common causes of neck lumps

A

lymph nodes - 85%
goitre - 8%
other - 7%

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9
Q

what can cause cervical lymphadenopathy

A

infective
malignant
Haematological - leukaemia/lymphoma

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10
Q

what symptoms are linked with cervical lymphadenopathy

A

fever, weight loss, sweats

hoarseness, cough, dyspnoea

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11
Q

Ix for Cervical Lymphadenopathy

A

chest x-ray

FNA

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12
Q

what is important to clarify in a thyroid swelling

A

solitary
or
multi-nodular goitre

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13
Q

what are thyroglossal cysts and how do they present

A

cysts in any part of thyroglossal tract
MOVES W/ TONGUE
usually present in teens

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14
Q

what are features of dermoid cysts

A

rare congenital cysts
teen years usually
soft, non fluctuant

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15
Q

what is a brachial cysts

A 
Persisting second branchial arch
Arises in upper part of ant. Triangle
Usually presents in teenage years
“half filled hot water bottle”
can create a fistulae
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16
Q

what would be found on a FNA brachial cysts

A

cholesterol crystals

17
Q

what are cystic hygroma

A

present in first year
congenital multiloculated lymphatic lesion
seen in posterior triangle commonly (but can be seen in any lymph nodes)

18
Q

features of cystic hygroma

A

pressure symptoms
lymph filled
transilluminate

19
Q

what can cause a lump submandibular salivary glands

A

stone

pleomorphic adenoma

20
Q

what can cause a lump in the parotid salivary gland

A

infective cause
pleomorphic adenoma
stone

21
Q

Ix of thyroid swelling

A

1st line - TSH

2nd line - USS-FNA

22
Q

what is the staging used in thyroid malignancy

A

Thy1 - Inadequate
Thy2 - Benign
Thy3 - suspicious
Thy4 - Malignant

23
Q

Tx of thyroid swelling

A

Thy 1- repeat FNA
Thy 2 – repeat FNA 6/12
Thy 3 – thyroid lobectomy
Thy 4-5 – total thyroidectomy

Endocrine SB (15 decks)

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