Neck, Anterior Cervical Region Flashcards
What are the borders of the Anterior Triangle (Anterior Cervical Region)?
- Midline of neck
- Inferior Border of Mandible
- Anterior Border of SCM
What subdivides the Anterior Cervical Region?
Digastric and omohyoid muscles
What are the subdivisions of the Anterior Cervical Region?
- Muscular Triangle
- Carotid Triangle
- Submandibular Triangle
- Submental Triangle
What are the boundaries of the Muscular Triangle?
- Midline
- Superior Belly of omohyoid
- SCM
What are the boundaries of the Carotid Triangle?
- Superior Belly of omohyoid
- Posterior Belly of digastric
- SCM
What are the boundaries of the Submandibular Triangle?
- Anterior and Posterior Belly of Digastric
- Inferior border of mandible
What are the boundaries of the Submental Triangle?
- Anterior bellies of digastric
- Hyoid bone
is unpaired
What is located in the muscular triangle?
Infrahyoid muscles
Define the Infrahyoid muscles layers in the muscular triangle
- Superficial Layer: Sterohyoid and Omohyoid muscles
- Deep Layer: Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid muscles
What do the infrahyoid muscles do?
Depress the hyoid bone
What innervates the infrahyoid muscles?
Ansa cervicalis
Thyrohyoid is innervated by n. to thyrohyoid (C1)
What muscles are located in the submandibular triangle?
Suprahyoid muscles
Define the Suprahyoid muscles
- Digastric
- Stylohyoid
- Mylohyoid (attached to the mylohyoid raphe)
What innervates the suprahyoid muscles?
CN V3: Anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid
CN VII: Posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid
What is located in the submandibular triangle?
- Submandibular gland
- Facial artery and vein
- Stylohyoid muscle
- Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
- Submandibular lymph nodes
What is the submandibular gland surrounded by?
Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
Describe the orientation of the submandibular gland?
Gland wraps around posterior border of mylohyoid
Deep portion and duct will be located in the floor of the mouth
What is located in the carotid triangle?
- Common Carotid Artery (along with internal and external carotid branches)
- Internal Jugular Vein
- Vagus Nerve
- Ansa Cervicalis
- Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes
What is located in the carotid sheath?
- common and internal carotid arteries
- Internal jugular vein
- Vagus Nerve
- Deep cervical lymph nodes
Where do the common carotid arteries branch from?
Right: Brachiocephalic trunk
Left: Aortic arch
What does the external carotid artery supply?
Structures in the neck and face
(Not in the carotid sheath)
What does the carotid sinus do?
Monitors Blood Pressure
What does the carotid body do?
Monitor Oxygen
What innervates the carotid sinus?
Carotid sinus nerve (branch from the CN IX)
When does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
C3
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
Anterior: Superior thyroid, lingual, and facial aa.
Posterior: Ascending pharyngeal, occipital, and posterior auricular aa.
Terminal: Maxillary and Superficial temporal aa.
Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
Where does the Internal Jugular Vein receive blood from?
Brain
Anterior Face
Cervical Viscera
Deep muscles of neck
Where does the Internal Jugular Vein emerge from the skull?
Jugular Foramen
What sinus is the internal jugular vein a continuation of?
Sigmoid sinus