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Anatomy- CVR > Neck and Thyroid gland > Flashcards

Neck and Thyroid gland Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle that is deep to skin of neck?

A

Platysma

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2
Q

Cervical vertebrae in neck?

A

C1-7
Articulate at facet joints, orientated obliquely
Allow range flexion and extension

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3
Q

Name of C1

A

Atlas

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4
Q

Name of C2

A

Axis

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5
Q

Function hyoid bone

A

Inferior mandible
Keep pharynx open
Attachment point muscles and tongue

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6
Q

Label

A
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7
Q

Function of larynx?

A

Made small cartilages
Protects airway
Muscles attached move- move vocal cords- phonation

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8
Q

What is main muscle in neck? Attachment? Innervation?

A

Sternocleidomastoid
Attached to sternum, clavicle
Innervated accessory nerve (CNXI)

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9
Q

Label

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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10
Q

Borders of anterior triangle?

A

● Anteriorly- midline of neck
● Posteriorly- anterior border sternocleidomastoid
● Superiorly- lower border of mandible

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11
Q

Contents of anterior triangle?

A

Trachea
Larynx
Thyroid and parathyroid
Supra and infrahyoid- connect hyoid
Common carotid
Internal jugular
Branches facial, gloss, vagus, access, hypo
Ansa cervicalis- fibres C1-C3- innervate infrahyoid

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12
Q

Boundaries of posterior triangle?

A

● Anteriorly- posterior border sternocleidomastoid
● Posteriorly- anterior border of trapezius
● Inferiorly- clavicle

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13
Q

What does the posterior triangle contain?

A

● Muscles move head
● Subclavian artery and vein
● External jugular vein- drains scalp and face
● Accessory nerve (CN XI)
● Roots of the brachial plexus (spinal nerves supply the upper limb)
● Cervical plexus (fibres C1-4)
● Phrenic nerve

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14
Q

Label

A
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15
Q

Function suprahyoid muscles?

A

4 paired- mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric
Form floor mouth
Contract- raise hyoid bone/larynx during speech and swallowing

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16
Q

Function infrahyoid muscles?

A

Draw hyoid and larynx inferiorly during speech and swallowing
Sternohyoid and omohyoid superficial- attach hyoid to sternum and scapula
Sternothyroid and thyrohyoid deep- attach sternum to thyroid cartilage

17
Q

What makes up thyroid gland? Function?

A

R and L lobes
Produces hormones
Regulated by pituitary gland

18
Q

What joins the R and L lobes of the thyroid gland?

A

Isthmus

19
Q

Label

A
20
Q

What innervates the thyroid gland?

A

L and R superior thyroid arteries- branch ECA
L and R inferior thyroid arteries- branch subcla

21
Q

Function parathyroid glands?

A

4
Produce parathyroid hormone- role in calcium regulation
Innervated by inferior thyroid arteries

22
Q

Major vessels in neck?

A

Common carotid arteries- R and L

23
Q

What do CCA bifurcate into?

A

Internal carotid artery- no branches
enters cranium and
supplies brain
External carotid artery- branches- head, neck
- supplies pharynx, scalp,
thyroid, tongue, face

24
Q

What is the swelling at the point of bifurcation called?

A

Carotid sinus

25
Q

What monitors blood pressure?

A

Baroreceptors
Visceral sensory info relayed CNS

26
Q

What nerve relays bp info?

A

Glossopharyngeal

27
Q

What does the subclavian artery supply?

A

Upper limb
Gives rise thyrocervical trunk

28
Q

Function of internal jugular vein?
Function subclavian?
Merge?

A

Drain blood from brain and face
Unites with subclavian- returns blood from upper limb
Forms brachiocephalic unite form superior vena cava

29
Q

Nerves in neck? Function?

A

Facial (CNVII)- supply platysma
Glossopharyngeal (CNIX)- supply pharynx and
carotid sinus
Vagus (X)- normal speech and swallowing
- muscles pharynx (motor)
- larynx (motor/sensory)
Accessory (CNXI)- sternocleidomastoid,
trapezius
Hypoglossal (CNXII)- muscles tongue (motor)
Phrenic- formed C3, 4, 5
- descend neck, enter thorax
- innervate diaphragm

30
Q

What innervates head and neck?

A

Sympathetic nerves- trunk extend base skull
Post-ganglionic- innervate head and neck

31
Q

What is carotid sheath?

A

Internal jugular vein
Internal carotid artery
Vagus nerve

32
Q

What nerves control head?

A

C1, C2, C3
C2- upper area
C3- side and back head

Anatomy- CVR (8 decks)

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