External Pharynx and Larynx

Question 1

What is the pharynx made of?

Answer 1

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
(NOL)

Question 2

Label

Answer 2

Question 3

Order of pharynx?

Answer 3

Question 4

What muscles make up pharynx?

Answer 4

Outer- circular- 3 constrictor- sup, mid, inf
- contract swallowed food move down
Inner- longitudinal

Question 5

Process swallowing

Answer 5

Enters oropharynx
Soft palate rises and closes nasopharynx
Food enter laryngopharynx
Laryngeal muscles contract
Food moves into oesophagus
Epiglottis (cartilage of larynx) prevents food or liquids entering larynx

Question 6

What prevents food and liquids entering larynx?

Answer 6

Epiglottis

Question 7

Label

Answer 7

Question 8

Label

Answer 8

Question 9

What innervates pharynx?

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal- sensory
Vagus- motor

Question 10

What innervates cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 10

Superior laryngeal nerve

Question 11

Function larynx?

Answer 11

Protects airway
Phonation/speech

Question 12

How many cartilage make up larynx?

Answer 12

9
3 paired- arytenoids, cuneiforms, corniculate
(don’t need 2/3)
3 unpaired- epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid

Question 13

Where is thyroid? Function? Structure?

Answer 13

Gland in front trachea
Prod hormones T3, T4
2 flat cartilage

Question 14

Where do 2 cartilage of thyroid meet? Attachment?

Answer 14

Laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple)
Superior horn- hyoid
Inferior horn- cricoid
Joined cricothyroid membrane

Question 15

Where is emergency airway?

Answer 15

Cricothyroid membrane

Question 16

Function arytenoids?

Answer 16

Phonation
Vocal cords attach
Movement arytenoids move vocal cords

Question 17

2 muscle groups larynx?

Answer 17

Extrinsic- supra and infrahyoid muscles
- move larynx as one
Intrinsic- move individual cartilage
- move vocal cords

Question 18

Label

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

What reflex protects airway?

Answer 20

Gag reflex
Mediated glossopharyngeal and vagus
Muscle contracts