Neck and Subocciptal Region

Question 1

Deep Cervical fascia

Answer 1

1. investing fascia
2. pretracheal
3. prevertebral
4. carotid sheath

Question 2

investing fascia

Answer 2

superficial: extends from mastoid and mandible to clavicle and acromion, and from ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes to the midline, surrrounds the trapezius and SCM and inferior portion or parotid gland

Question 3

pretracheal fascia

Answer 3

visceral– surrounds esophagus, trachea, thryoid glnnas, and infrahyoid muscles; continuous wth the buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 4

buccopharyngeal fascia

Answer 4

external epimysium of the constrictor muscles; continuous with pretracheal fascia

Question 5

prevertebral fascia

Answer 5

extends lateral and anterior to levator scapula, longus colli and capitis, and scalen muscles to form the floor of posterior triangel; from base of skull to mediastinum; continous with axillary sheath and anterior longitudinal ligaments; defines the posterior boundary of the retropharyngeal space

Question 6

superficial cervical fascua

Answer 6

between the dermis and deep fascia; contains the platysma muscle

Question 7

carotid sheath

Answer 7

contains common carotid artery (medial), internal jugular vein (lateral) vagus nerve (posterior)

Question 8

Suprahyoid Muscles

Answer 8

digastric– anterior and posterior
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid

Question 9

infrahyoid muscles

Answer 9

omohyoid– superior and inferior belly
sternohyoid
sternothryoid
thryohyoid

Question 10

mylohyoid

Answer 10

suprahyoid

attachment: from mylohyoid line of the mandible to the midline raphe and anterior aspect of body of the hyoid
function: elevation of the floor of the oral cavity
innervation: mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar (CN V3)

Question 11

geniohyoid

Answer 11

suprahyoid

attach: from inferior genial tubercle of the mandible to the anterior aspect of the ody of the hyoid (median righe of mandible to body of hyoid)
function: elevation of tongue and hypoid or depresses the mandible
innervation: ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII

Question 12

anterior digastric

Answer 12

attachment: from digastric fossa of mandible to the intermediate tendon
function: depression of the mandible or elvation of the hyoid
innervation: mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar (from CN V3)

Question 13

posterior digastric

Answer 13

attach: from temporal mastoud notch to the intermediate tendon
function” depression of mandible or elevation of the hyoid
innervation: facial n.

Question 14

omohyoid

Answer 14

infrahyoid
attach: from superior border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch to the lateral aspect of the hyoid passing through an intermediate tendon sling lossely associated with the clavicle and 1st rib
function: depression of the hyoid
innervation : ansa cervicalis (C1-3)

Question 15

stylohyoid

Answer 15

attach: from the styloid process of temporal bone to the greater cornu of hyoid bone
function: elevation and retraction of the hyoid
innervation: facial n

Question 16

sternohyoid

Answer 16

attach: from the posterior side of the proximal clavicle and adjacent manubrium to the inferior border of body of the hyoid
function: depresses the hyoid
innervation: ansa cervicalis

Question 17

sternothyroid

Answer 17

attach: from the posterior aspect of the manubrium and costal cartilage of 1st rib to the thyroid lamina
function: depression of the elevated larynx
innervation: ansa cervicalis

Question 18

thyrohyoid

Answer 18

attach: from the thyroid lamina to the greater horn of the hyoid bone
function: depression of the hyoid or elevation of the thyoid cartilage
innervation: ventral ramus of C1 via XII

Question 19

rectus capitis posterior major

Answer 19

attach: from spinous process C2 to lateral aspect of inferior nuchal line
action: extension and ipsilateral rotation
innervation: subocciptial nerve

Question 20

rectus capitis posterior minor

Answer 20

attach: tubercle on posterior arch C1 to medial aspect inferior nuchal line
action: extension
innervation: suboccipital nerve

Question 21

obliquus capitis inferior

Answer 21

attach: from spinous process of C2 to transverse process C1
action: ipsilateral rotation
innervation: suboccipital n

Question 22

obliquus capitis superior

Answer 22

attach: from transverse process of C1 to area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bones
action: extension and lateral flexion
innervation: suboccipital n

Question 23

parotid ducts passes ____ and ___ to the masseter muscle

Answer 23

lateral (superficial) and anterior

Question 24

parotid gland is positioned ______ to the masseter muscle

Answer 24

posterior and lateral (superficial)

Question 25

branches of the facial nerve pass ____ to the masseter muscle

Answer 25

lateral (superficial)

Question 26

facial artery passes _____to the mandible

Answer 26

lateral (superficial)

Question 27

on the face, the facial vein is positioned _____ to the facial artery

Answer 27

posterior

Question 28

the sternocleidomastoid muscle is positioned ______ to both the omohyoid muscle and the carotid sheath

Answer 28

superficial

Question 29

external jugular vein passes _____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 29

lateral (superficial)

Question 30

great auricular and transverse cervical nerves pass _____ and ____ to the SC muscle

Answer 30

posterior and lateral (superificial)

Question 31

the hyoid bone is positioned _______ superior to the thyroid cartilage

Answer 31

superior