Mediastinum Heart and Lungs

Question 1

Right Lung Features

Answer 1

3 lobes (superior, middle, and inferior)
oblique and horizontal fissure
apex

Question 2

Left Lung Features

Answer 2

2 lobes (superior and inferior)
oblique fissure
apex
lingula

Question 3

R. Lung Medial

Answer 3

superior vena cava– where BCV come together
esophagus impression
azygos vein-arches over roof of R. lung
heart impression

Question 4

L. Lung Medial

Answer 4

aortic arch 
thoracic aorta
esophagus in midline
heart impression 
lingula

Question 5

Visceral Pleura

Answer 5

inner lining on lung, smooth slippery surface to freely move on the parietal pleura

Question 6

Parietal Pleura

Answer 6

outer layer, adjacent to thoracic wall
cervical part
costal part
diaphragmatic part
mediastinal

Question 7

Lung Recesses

Answer 7

site of fluid accumulation
costodiaphragmatic
costomediastinal

Question 8

Lung Root

Answer 8

pulmonary arteries
pulmonary veins
bronchi
hilum
pleura covering

Question 9

hilum

Answer 9

passageway of doorway

includes: pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, primary bronchus

Question 10

Pulmonary Ligament

Answer 10

extension of pleura covering, allows for expansion and keeps everything together

Question 11

Right Lung Root

Answer 11

pulmonary artery are anterior to primary bronchu

Question 12

Left Lung Root

Answer 12

pulmonary artery are superior

Question 13

Trachea

Answer 13

rings

carina– internal feature, at point of main bifurcation

Question 14

bronchi

Answer 14

right primary (larger) –more vertical
left primary
secondary bronchi– each will serve a respective lobe

Question 15

tertiary

Answer 15

bronchopulmonary segments, 10 different segments

Question 16

Reflections

Answer 16

costodiaphragmatic
costomediastinal
costovertebral

Question 17

Right Atrium

Answer 17

crista terminalis
septum (fossa ovalis)
opening of AV valve, coronary sinus, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava
pectinate muscle

Question 18

Fossa ovalis

Answer 18

remnant of fetal foramen ovale that connected right and left atria

Question 19

Left Atrium

Answer 19

valve of foramen ovale
opening of the AV valve
4 pulmonary veins

Question 20

Right Ventricle

Answer 20

right AV valve (tricuspid)– three cusps, chordae tendineae, and 3 papillary muscles
conus arteriosus
opening of AV and pulmonary trunk
pulmonary valve
wall– trabeculae carneae and septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

Question 21

Left Ventricle

Answer 21

aortic valve
opening of aortic valve and AV valve
left AV valve (bicuspid)-- two cusps, chordae tendinease, 2 papillary muscles 
interventricular septum 
wall-trabeculae carneae

Question 22

Ligamentum Arteriosum

Answer 22

Ductus Arteriosus fetal remnant–

pulmonary trunk to arch of aorta

Question 23

Chordae Tendinae

Answer 23

oriented to papillary muscles, prevents reflux of blood into atria

Question 24

Ascultation Sites

Answer 24

Aortic
pulmonary
R AV tricupsid
L AV, mitral

Question 25

Cardiac Referred Pain

Answer 25

brain interprets pain from skin over L pectoral, L shoulder and medial skin of upper extremity
pain receptors are in myocardium
visceral afferent axons
cell bodies in DRG

Question 26

Conduction System

Answer 26

connection of interconnected cardiac cells

Question 27

Costal part of parietal pleura

Answer 27

internal surfaces of the thoracic wall, separated from internal surface by endothoracic fascia

Question 28

mediastinal part of parietal pleura

Answer 28

covers lateral aspect of mediastinum, continues as cervical pleura into the root of the neck

Question 29

diaphragmatic part of parietal pleura

Answer 29

covers superior thoracic surface of the diaphragm on each side of the medistinum, except on costal attatchments and where diaphragm is fused to periardium

Question 30

cervical pleura

Answer 30

covers apex of lung extending superiorly into root of the neck, forms a cup like dome over the apex