Neck and Back

Question 1

is comprised of 26 bones.
This includes 24 individual vertebrae in addition to the fused vertebrae that form both the sacrum and the coccyx. Each vertebrae, with the exception of the first and last, articulates with another vertebrae inferiorly and superiorly.

Answer 1

vertebral column

Question 2

how many vertebrae are in cervical

Answer 2

7 C1-C7

Question 3

how many vertebrae are in thoracic

Answer 3

12 T1-T12

Question 4

how many vertebrae are in lumbar

Answer 4

5 L1-L5

Question 5

What 2 inferior bones are formed after several vertebrae fuse together

Answer 5

Sacrum (S1-S5)

Coccyx (Co1-Co4)

Question 6

C1-C7, are the most superiorly located vertebrae. They extend from the occipital bone of the skull through the neck and upper thorax region. Cervical vertebrae are characterized by their small, light-weight bodies, unique spinous processes (often bifuricated or split), transverse foramina, and special names for the firt two vertebrae.

Answer 6

cervical vertebrae

Question 7

Also known as the Atlas
Articulates with the condyles of the occipital bone
Had deep superior articular facets
Lacks a body and spinous processes

Answer 7

C1

Question 8

Also known as the Axis
Has an odontoid process or dens
Acts as the axis of rotation between the atlas and the skull
Has split (bifid) spinous process

Answer 8

C2

Question 9

T1-T12, contain articulations for the ribs, called costal facets, and an inferior notch where the spinal nerves emerge. These vertebrae have longer, shaper angled spinous processes. Thoracic vertebrae are said to be shaped like giraffes.

Thoracic APR

Answer 9

thoracic vertebrae

Question 10

L1-L5, contain the largest bodies and bear the most weight. As a result of bearing more load, they are also more susceptible to injuries. L5 is the most commonly injured vertebrae due to the transfer of weight from the sacrum to the pelvis. Lumbar vertebrae are often thought to resemble a moose, due to their “blunt” spinous processes.

Answer 10

lumbar vertebrae

Question 11

is an anteriorly curved bone that is shaped like an upside-down triangle

Answer 11

sacrum

Question 12

forms the most inferior portion of the vertebral column

Answer 12

coccyx

Question 13

Also known as Dowagger's Hump or Hunchback
 Exaggerated thoracic curvature
Can result from
  Osteoporosis
  Vertebral compression fracture to anterior vertebrae
  Osteomalacia
  Heavy weight lifting during youth
  Abnormal vertebral growth
   Chronic muscle contractions

Answer 13

Kyphosis

Question 14

Also known as Sway Back
Exaggerated lumbar curvature 
Can result from:
Osteoporosis
    Vertebral compression fracture to anterior vertebrae
    Osteomalacia
    Heavy weight lifting during youth
    Abnormal vertebral growth
    Chronic muscle contractions
    Added abdominal weight from pregnancy or obesity

Answer 14

Lordosis

Question 15

Also known as S-curve
Abnormal lateral curve of the spine
Can result from:
Failure of vertebral arch/body to form causing a structual problem
Unilateral muscular paralysis or spasm causing a functional problem

Answer 15

Scoliosis

Question 16

Failure of the vertebral arch to fuse/form properly at birth. This leave the posterior aspect of the spinal cord unprotected.

Answer 16

Spina Bifida

Question 17

is a condylar joint between the occipital condyles of the occipital bone and the superior articular facets of the atlas (C1 vertebrae).

Flexion & extension of the head (think of nodding "yes" to someone)
Slight lateral flexion of the head to both sides

Answer 17

atlanto-occipital joint

Question 18

is a pivot joint between the anterior arch of the atlas (C1 vertebrae) and the dens of the axis (C2 vertebrae).
Rotation of the head (think of nodding “no” to someone)

Answer 18

atlantoaxial joint

Question 19

are plane (gliding) joints between the superior articular facets of one vertebra and the inferior articular facets of another.

Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation

Answer 19

spinal facet joint

Question 20

Located between the superior and inferior articular processes of the facet joint is a part of the vertebrae

Answer 20

pars interarticularis