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CABS > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the strap/infrahyoid muscles?

A

Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

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2
Q

What do the strap muscles do?

A

depress the hyoid bone when swallowing which protects airway

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3
Q

What innervates the submandibular gland?

A

chorda tympani, branch of facial (CN VII)

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4
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

A

superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery

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5
Q

What innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

hypoglossal (CN XII)

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6
Q

What innervates the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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7
Q

What pharyngeal arch is the posterior belly of the digastric derived from?

A

2nd

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8
Q

What innervates the anterior belly of the digastric?

A

Trigeminal (CN V)

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9
Q

What pharyngeal arch is the anterior belly of the digastric derived from?

A

1st

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10
Q

At what level does the bifurcation of the common carotid artery occur at?

A

superior border of thyroid cartilage, between C3-4

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11
Q

What is the carotid sinus and where is it located?

A
  1. baroreceptor

2. bifurcation of the common carotid artery

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12
Q

What is the carotid body and where is it located?

A
  1. chemoreceptor

2. bifurcation of the common carotid a.

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13
Q

What does the accessory nerve innervate?

A

the trapezius, SCM

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14
Q

What is the most commonly iatrogenically injured nerved in the body?

A

accessory nerve

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15
Q

Where is the great auricular nerve derived from?

A

the cervical plexus

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16
Q

Where are the supraclavicular nerves derived from?

A

the cervical plexus

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17
Q

What crosses the SCM superficially?

A

external jugular vein

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18
Q

Where does external jugular vein drain?

A

subclavian vein

19
Q

Where would you find the trunks of the brachial plexus?

A

between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

20
Q

Where is the phrenic nerve derived from?

A

C3-C5 “C3, 4 and 5 keep the diaphragm alive”

21
Q

What crosses the anterior surface of the anterior scalene msucle/

A

phrenic nerve

22
Q

Where is the subclavian vein located?

A

deep to clavicle, anterior to anterior scalene

23
Q

What 2 veins unite to form the brachiocephalic vein?

A

subclavian vein and internal jugular vein

24
Q

Where is the most common place to put a central line?

A

subclavian vein

25
Q

What are the branches of the subclavian artery

A
  1. vertebral artery
  2. internal thoracic artery
  3. thyrocervical trunk
26
Q

Layers of fascia in the neck

A
  1. Superficial (investing) layer
  2. Pre-tracheal layer
  3. pre-vertebral layer (deep layer)
27
Q

Composition and Location of superficial (investing) layer

A
  1. adipose tissue

2. surrounds entire neck and enclosed trapezius and SCM

28
Q

Location of pre-tracheal layer

A

covers infrahyoid muscles, contains thyroid, trachea, and esophagus

29
Q

Location of pre-vertebral layer

A

covers deeper muscles in the neck anteriorly, surround cervical vertebrae and longitudinal muscles, encloses cervical sympathetic trunk

30
Q

What is the retropharyngeal space and why is it important?

A

space between pre-vertebral fascia and pre-tracheal fascia, site for abscess formation

31
Q

If pt had an abscess in the retropharyngeal space, what would they present with?

A

dysphagia, possibly dyspnea

32
Q

What is important about the supraclavicular nerves?

A

they are involved in referred pain patterns (ie. gallbladder pain, pain in right diaphragm)

33
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

muscles of the laryngx

34
Q

What innervates the cricothyroid muscle?

A

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

35
Q

What is the interior thyroid artery nearby and you must be careful not to cut during a thyroidectomy?

A

recurrent laryngeal

36
Q

What vessel may be encountered during a low tracheotomy?

A

inferior thyroid vein

37
Q

If a patient is monotone, which nerve did you injure?

A

external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

38
Q

What level is the isthmus of the thyroid found at?

A

C2-3, sometime C4

39
Q

What runs next to the superior thyroid artery?

A

external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

40
Q

What runs next to the inferior thyroid artery?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

41
Q

Where might you find ectopic thyroid tissue?

A

along thryoglossal duct

42
Q

vertebral level of the hyoid bone

A

C3

43
Q

vertebral level of the cricoid cartilage

A

C6

CABS (5 decks)

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