NEBOSH NGC1 'DO' (element 3) Flashcards
DIRECTORS, MANAGERS, SUPERVISORS DUTIES
. to ensure their organisation meets legal obligations
. responsible for planning, delivering, monitoring, reviewing policy
SECTION 37 HSWA
directors and senior managers can be prosecuted for offences committed by the corporate body if they consented or connived in the offence or were negligent in their duties.
‘LEADING HS AT WORK’ (INDG 417)
provides guidance to directors and senior management in 4 key areas for action
. PLAN - establish HS policy as part of company culture
. DELIVER policy via HSG 65 or other SMS
. MONITOR policy with performance reports
. REVIEW SMS performance
DEMONSTRATING TOP MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT
. ensuring resources for OHS-MS
. defining roles and responsibilities
. appoint top manager as ‘champion’ of HS
. appoint appropriate number of competent persons and resources to meet HS obligations
. oversee contractor engagement and management
. reviewing performance (perhaps annually)
ORGANISATION SAFETY CULTURE IS….
the way everyone within the organisation thinks and feels about HS and how it translates into behaviour. The shared:- . attitudes . values . beliefs . behaviours relating to health and safety
POSITIVE CULTURE
strong policy and clear leadership leading to overall agreement on HS importance. Everyone works safely because they want to.
The link between safety culture and HS performance becomes obvious
NEGATIVE CULTURE
weak policy and inadequate/lax/unclear leadership, leading to workers poorly educated in HS thus feeling HS unimportant/unnecessary.
HS standards low
poor overall behaviour
accident/incident rate increase
safety-conscious workers may leave or fall to overall peer pressure
INDICATORS USED TO ASSESS HS CULTURE
NB: several indicators should be used together
Accidents Sickness rates Absenteeism Staff Turnover Compliance with Safety Rules Complaints About Working Conditions Influence of Peers
HUMAN FACTORS INFLUENCING SAFETY-RELATED BEHAVIOUR
individual worker behaviour crucial to HS Management - one worker may behave impeccably, another less so, potentially endangering themselves and others.
3 FACTORS INFLUENCING WORKER BEHAVIOUR
The Organisation:
the characteristics of the organisation they work for
The Job:
the task they are carrying out
The Individual:
their personal characteristics (i.e. attitude to HS, ability to perceive hazards and risks present)
ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE WORKER BEHAVIOUR
Safety Culture Policies and Procedures Commitment and Leadership Levels of Supervision Peer Group Pressure Consultation Communication Training Work patterns - i.e. shits, overtime, night work etc.
JOB FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE WORKER BEHAVIOUR
Task Workload Environment - noise, temp, lighting etc. Displays and Controls Procedures
INDIVIDUAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE WORKER BEHAVIOUR
Attitude
Competence
Motivation
Risk/Hazard Perception
FACTORS THAT CAN DISTORT A PERSONS PERCEPTION OF HAZARD/RISK
Illness Stress Fatigue Drugs - both legal and illegal Alcohol Previous Experiences Training and Education
IMPROVING H AND S BEHAVIOUR
Management Commitment and Leadership Competent Staff Keeping Up To Date with Legal Requirements Effective Communication Consultation with Employees Training
MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND LEADERSHIP
Leading by example - behaving safely themselves
Involvement in day-to-day HS management, e.g. by attending HS meetings etc.
Taking part in safety tours or audits
Promoting HS improvement changes
Enforcing company safety rules
COMPETENT STAFF
Employer has to ensure worker competence.
Managers should also be competent - able to spot good/poor behaviour when they see it
KEEPING UP-TO-DATE WITH LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
is an essential part of the planning process. (where are we now, where do we want to be, how do we get there)
HSE website, electronic newsletters
HS organisations/charities - IOSH, ROSPA etc.
Periodicals from IOSH/ROSPA etc.
Subscription news/updates from private businesses
Attendance at legislation update seminars/conferences
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Verbal
Written
Graphic
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Communication using the spoken word: . face to face conversation . meetings . interviews . training sessions . telephone or over a PA system
VERBAL COMMUNICATION LIMITATIONS
. language barrier ? . 'jargon' not understood . strong accent/dialect . background noise interference . poor hearing . ambiguous message/information . recipient may miss info . recipient may forget info . no written record as proof . poor audio clarity (ie. PA system)
VERBAL COMMUNICATION MERITS
. personal . quick . allows for checking of understanding . allows for feedback . allows for exchange of views . added info given via facial expression, voice tone, body language etc.
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION LIMITATIONS
. indirect . takes time to write . may not be looked at/read . may contain jargon/abbreviations . can be impersonal . can be ambiguous . language barrier ? . recipient unable to read ? . immediate feedback unable . questions cannot be asked . impaired vision of recipient
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION MERITS
. permanent record
. can be referred back to
. can be written meticulously
. can be distributed cheaply/widely
GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION LIMITATIONS
. conveys simple messages . expensive to buy/produce . may not be looked at . symbols/pictograms may be unknown . no immediate feedback . questions cannot be asked . impaired vision of recipient
GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION MERITS
. eye-catching . visual . quick to interpret . jargon free . conveys message to wide audience
BROADCASTING METHODS
Notice Boards Posters and Videos Digital Media/Internet Toolbox Talks Memos/Emails Employee Handbook
“HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW” POSTER
IT IS A LEGAL REQUIREMENT UNDER THE
“H and S INFORMATION FOR EMPLOYEES REGS” 1989 THAT THIS POSTER IS DISPLAYED IN A CENTRAL LOCATION WITHIN THE WORKPLACE.
N.B. if workers do not work from a central location, then a leaflet of the poster can be provided.
CO-OPERATION AND CONSULTATION
CO-OPERATION AND CONSULTATION IS A LEGAL REQUIREMENT FOR EMPLOYERS UNDER:-
. CDM REGS 2015
. SAFETY REPRESENTATIVES AND SAFETY COMMITTEES REGULATIONS 1977 (unionised workplaces)
. HEALTH ANS SAFETY (CONSULTATION WITH EMPLOYEES) REGULATIONS 1996 (non-unionised workplaces)
TRADE UNION SAFETY REPS
under the SAFETY REPRESENTATIVES AND SAFETY COMMITTEES REGULATIONS 1977 (unionised workplaces), a recognised trade union has the right to appoint SAFETY REPS (with min. 2 years experience and in writing)
SAFETY REPRESENTATIVES RIGHTS
. conduct workplace inspections (min. every 3 months)
. examine accident causes
. examine/copy HS documents
. receive HSE inspector information
. Investigate HS complaints
. make representations to the employer
. be consulted on HS matters
. paid time off to perform their functions
. paid time off for their training
. reasonable facilities to perform their functions
REPRESENTATIVES OF EMPLOYEE SAFETY
under the HEALTH ANS SAFETY (CONSULTATION WITH EMPLOYEES) REGULATIONS 1996 (non-unionised workplaces), where a Trade Union is NOT recognised by the employer, he can consult with his workforce via elected reps of employee safety. known as RoES
RoES RIGHTS
the same rights as Trade Union Safety Reps with some exceptions - (unless the employer permits them to) :-
. not legally entitled to conduct workplace inspections
. not legally entitled to examine accident causes
SAFETY COMMITTEES
under the SAFETY REPRESENTATIVES AND SAFETY COMMITTEES REGULATIONS 1977 (unionised workplaces), an employer shall, upon request in writing by 2 or more Safety Reps, establish a Safety Committee
SAFETY COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
there is no exact composition to a Safety Committee - rather, an agreement between employer and Safety Reps. Members may include:- . worker safety reps . 1-2 operational managers with authority . a Safety Adviser . OH nurse/doctor . facilities manager . HR manager . Training manager
SAFETY COMMITTEE FUNCTIONS TO INCLUDE:-
. studying accident/disease stats
. examining Safety Audit reports
. considering HSE reports/information
. considering Safety Reps reports
. assisting in developing procedures/policy
. monitoring training effectiveness
.monitoring safety communications effectiveness
TRAINING
the planned, formal process of acquiring and practising knowledge and skills in a relatively safe environment
THE EFFECT OF TRAINING
workers will understand:-
. hazards/risks in their work
. correct rules/precautions to apply
. foreseeable emergencies ans actions to take
. applicable work restrictions and limitations
TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
various circumstances require provision of training:- . new employees . job change . process change . new technology . new legislation
INDUCTION TRAINING
. organisation's HS policy . fire/other emergency procedures . first aid location/personnel . welfare location . safe movement/routes . Accident/Incident reporting procedures . worker consultation arrangements . site safety rules . PPE requirements . SSW/Permit systems . intro to the Risk Assessment system
RISK ASSESSMENT
. is a formalised process of identifying hazards, evaluating risk, then either eliminating or controlling that risk to an acceptable level.
. a legal requirement under MHSWR 1999
. must be recorded if 5+ employees