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Geography - Changing places > 'Near' and 'Far' place studies > Flashcards

'Near' and 'Far' place studies Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Detroit settled by French Colonists?

A

1701

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2
Q

What did Detroit have during the post war period?

A

Highest median income and highest rate of house ownership

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3
Q

What did the highest median income and highest rate of house ownership mean attract?

A

Black Americans

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4
Q

What were the reasons for black American’s migrating to Detroit?

A

Racism was rife in the south (KKK)

Employment in car factories

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5
Q

What happened from 1979 onwards in Detroit?

A

They experienced a decline in economic prosperity

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6
Q

Why did Detroit experience an economic decline from 1979 onwards?

A

Oil crisis

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7
Q

What was the oil crisis?

A

An international oil crisis which encouraged drivers to purchase cars with a better fuel economy - Japanese cars

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8
Q

Who has to cut jobs and shut down less efficient plants as a result of the oil crisis?

A

Ford and GM Motors

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9
Q

What were the knock on effects of cutting jobs and shutting down plants in Detroit?

A

High numbers of unemployment

Tax shortages for city authority and therefore underfunded services

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10
Q

What left Detroit when its decline was in full swing?

A

White city tax payers

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11
Q

What remained in Detroit during its decline?

A

Black poorer people - couldn’t afford to leave

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12
Q

When did the rebranding of Detroit begin?

A

1970s

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13
Q

What did Ford do a year into their financial struggles?

A

Back the ‘Renaissance Centre’

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14
Q

When did Ford back the Renaissance centre?

A

1977

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15
Q

How big was the Renaissance centre in 1977?

A

5 towers

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16
Q

How big was the Renaissance going to be in 1981?

A

7 towers

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17
Q

How much money did the Renaissance generate in its first year?

A

$1 billion

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18
Q

How many people did the Renaissance centre employ to build it?

A

7000

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19
Q

What happened in 1994?

A

Ford wanted out and the Renaissance centre was up for sale

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20
Q

Who brought the complex in 1996?

A

GM motors

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21
Q

When did GM Motors invest $500 million in renovation fees?

A

2004

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22
Q

What happened in 2009?

A

GM Motors filed for bankruptcy and required heavy support for the US government

23
Q

What was announced in 2015 from GM Motors?

A

Plans to renovate the complex further, particularly lower levels and street area - aimed at tourism

24
Q

As of today, how much of the areas 2 million jobs are from tourism in Detroit?

A

9%

25
Q

How many visit Detroit annually?

A

15.9 million

26
Q

Why are tourists attracted to Detroit?

A

It holds multi day events
International Auto Show
Hotels, resorts host major conventions and sporting events
Institute of Arts

27
Q

Apart from the Renaissance centre, what project added to Detroit’s rebranding?

A

The Riverfront

28
Q

How long is the transformation of the Riverfront in Detroit?

A

3 and a half miles

29
Q

What attractions does the Riverfront have?

A

Parks, plazas, pavilions, pathways and open green spaces

30
Q

What is the final phase of construction for the Riverfront?

A

Construction of public spaces along the Uniroyal site, which will only attract more and more people to the area

31
Q

What is Detroit, as of today?

A

‘Best place to travel in 2018’

Not where it wants to be, but is on route to a very successful city

32
Q

What was the economic character of Detroit?

A

It was very prosperous in post war period

Then experienced an economic decline when the oil crisis happened

33
Q

What is the economic character of Detroit now?

A

After considerable rebranding it is on the way to a very successful economically developing city

34
Q

What was the social character of Detroit?

A

Post - war period, is consisted of white tax payers

35
Q

What was the social character of Detroit during the oil crisis and why?

A

Mainly black Americans, as they had initially migrated due to the high median income, however were unable to leave when economic prosperity started to decline

36
Q

What is the social character of Detroit now?

A

It has still got many Black Americans, however its rebranding has started to attract white and other ethic groups back

37
Q

Where is East Oxford?

A

Central Southern England

38
Q

How big is East Oxford?

A

52nd largest city in UK

39
Q

How many White British people have left St Marys Ward in East Oxford since 2001?

A

169

40
Q

How many ‘other white’ people have moved to St Marys Ward in East Oxford since 2001?

A

194

41
Q

What is the Multiple Index of Deprivation?

A

Official measure of relative deprivation for small areas in England

42
Q

What are the two main agents of change for East Oxford?

A

Morris car plant

Brooke’s University

43
Q

How many people were employed at Morris Car Plant when it started in 1913?

A

300

44
Q

How many people were employed at Morris Car Plant in the 1970s?

A

20,000

45
Q

What type of people did the Morris Car Plant encourage?

A

Working class families

46
Q

When did Morris Car Plant close?

A

1994

47
Q

Who did the Morris Car Plant sell the site too?

A

BMW and Mini

48
Q

How many people does BMW employ?

A

4500

49
Q

When did Oxford Polytechnic start?

A

1970

50
Q

When did Oxford Polytechnic apply for university status?

A

1991

51
Q

When happened in 2002 for Oxford Brookes?

A

They became the ‘top-new university, for the 7th year I a row’

52
Q

What happened in 2016 for Oxford Brookes?

A

Entered the top 200 best international universities

53
Q

How does the agents of change in East Oxford affect how the area is now?

A

Transient - students come and go
Young demographics
Variety of facilities to cater for the ethnic diversity

Geography - Changing places (10 decks)

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