NCE Exam Prep Practice Exam 5/31 Flashcards
Your client is a lady who is afraid of flying. “So where would you go if you weren‘t afraid of flying?” “I‘d go visit my sister in Wyoming!” Flying to Wyoming becomes the major goal. Using Operant Conditioning, you work out a list of goals with her and a schedule of reinforcements for each achieved goal. Each time she meets a goal she gets to buy something for her travel wardrobe or a piece of new luggage. Likewise, you work out a list of agreed to punishments. She completes Step #1 of her treatment plan of buying an airplane magazine. Next week you ask, “How‘d it go? Did buying the magazine create any anxiety?” “No.” “Did you look through it?” “Yes.” “Any anxiety?” “No.” “OK - For next week, create a collage of airplanes and place yourself somewhere in that collage.” Having accomplished step #1, she gets to go buy her first piece of new luggage. When she comes in with the completed collage she gets to go buy her 2nd piece of luggage. However, since she couldn‘t bring herself to walk through an airport terminal (Step #8), the agreed to punishment takes place: She has to return all of the luggage. Which of the following answers most closely describes the process of you going with your client to the airport, getting on a plane, putting a seat-belt one, and having the pilot rev the engines?
Implosive Therapy
Flooding
Thought Stopping
Connection
Flooding:
a form of exposure therapy where the client is exposed to the most anxiety-inducing stimulus or situation all at once, rather than gradually. In this case, taking the client to the airport, getting on a plane, and experiencing the sounds and sensations of flying would be considered flooding.
Beck’s Hopelessness Scale correlates
hopelessness to suicide.
The last step to consultation from a behavioral perspective is
evaluation
designing a plan
interdepartmental consultation
identifying environmental factors
Evaluation:
the process of assessing the outcome of an intervention or plan. In the context of a behavioral consultation, this means determining whether the desired behavioral changes have been realized. It’s a critical step because it allows for adjustments to be made if the intervention isn’t working as intended.
Bem purports that people will function more effectively as androgynous individuals. Which of the following answers best describes the term androgyny?
Women are encouraged to develop masculine sex roles
Males and Females focus on developing feminine sex roles
Men are encouraged to develop feminine sex roles
Males and Females are allowed to develop both masculine and feminine sex roles
Males and Females are allowed to develop both masculine and feminine sex roles.
The group you have been leading has proven to be especially effective. You now wonder why you were apprehensive about leading this group; yet it was your first foray into group leadership. As the group leader, you knew that your responsibilities include all of the following EXCEPT:
Clearly delineating the goals of the group
Keeping members in the dark about an experiment you are performing with the group so as to not bias their responses
Keeping members informed about the totally voluntary nature of the group participation
Keeping a clear understanding of your role as leader of the group
Keeping members “in the dark” about an experiment you are performing with the group so as to not bias their responses.
The goal of therapy in transactional analysis is to
Develop behavioral patterns for implementing games
Effectively manage ego states when involved in game playing:
redefine one’s life script, develop autonomy, and become game free.
redefine one’s life script, develop autonomy, and become game free.
Which of the following words denotes the emotion that results when a feeling of fear is not understood by the person experiencing it?
Affect
Anxiety
Arousal
Anger
Anxiety
The group stages of orientation, conflict, cohesiveness, and termination were identified by
Corey
Yalom
Tuckman
Olhsen
Yalom
Group therapy that focuses on understanding, being, forming relationships, and that considers sharing more valuable than techniques is
person-centered group therapy
Adlerian group therapy
Reality therapy
Psychoanalytic group therapy
person-centered group therapy.
As the client, you express your fear of delving too deeply into your feelings because you believe you won‘t be able to get out. As a therapist, applying Gestalt techniques, which of the following is most appropriate?
Explore the meaning of the client‘s resistance
Suggest that the two of you role-play the ambivalence between head and heart
Explore how the stuckness is serving the client
Offer feedback to show how you, the counselor, have gotten unstuck before
Suggest that the two of you role-play the ambivalence between head and heart.
Which of the following stages in the development of the homosexual lifestyle would occur first?
Identity comparison
Identity confusion
Identity acceptance
Identity synthesis
Identity confusion
As a counselor, you refer Warren, a seriously depressed individual, for both psychotherapy and drug therapy. Regarding your recommendation, another counselor would advise Warren to
reject the psychotherapy as it is ineffective with serious depressions
accept both treatments as they seem to make independent contributions to the treatment of depression
accept one or the other treatment but not both, since using both would be redundant
reject the drug therapy because of the serious side effects associated with antidepressant drugs
accept both treatments as they seem to make independent contributions to the treatment of depression.
Remediation, treatment, and cognizant personality reconstruction are the focus points of
counseling groups
therapy groups
Remediation
Treatment
Cognizant personality reconstruction
therapy groups.
When Mike and Mary break up, Mary cries for days. She stops crying and feels happy once again when she tells herself that she is better off without Mike. Such action is an example of which defense mechanism?
Denial
Intellectualization
Rationalization
Identification
Rationalization
Since different types of groups encompass different basic principles, the phrase —”What happens in the group stays in the group”— would be considered to be an underlying assumption of
Universality
Professional care
confidentiality
Privileged communication
confidentiality
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, physiological needs are
the easiest needs to meet
the strongest needs.
the weakest needs to meet
the most difficult to meet
the strongest needs.
Leah‘s continued smoking of cigarettes even though she knows the health risks is, according to her, necessary for her to maintain her weight (and not gain). Which defense mechanism is Leah employing?
Denial
Rationalization
Substitution
Reaction formation
Rationalization
Propinquity, as it relates to sociology, is a concept demonstrated by
the feelings of acceptance one minority holds for another minority.
the reduction of racial prejudice when Caucasian Americans reside next to people from a minority group.
The tolerance of differences between differing minority groups
None of the Above
the reduction of racial prejudice when Caucasian Americans reside next to people from a minority group.
Lori, a group member, saw herself as unlovable. She received feedback from other members indicating that they really cared for her. Now Lori is experiencing ____________________, defined as the gap created between her self-perception and the warm feelings generated in receiving the feedback.
Intrapsychic disunity
Social anchorage
the Hawthorne effect
cognitive dissonance
cognitive dissonance
Horney developed all of the following concepts EXCEPT:
Neurotic needs
Adjustment patterns
Unfinished business
Feminine psychology
Unfinished business
Brian is undergoing treatment for his fear of flying. His counselor is having him imagine fearful situations. The counselor coaches him and supplies much hype. Brian is experiencing
flooding
implosion
implosion
Which of the following answers represents the most important considerations on the part of a group leader regarding self-disclosure?
honesty and openness
timing and content
timing and content
It is truly stated that confidentiality as it pertains to the group setting is
Something that members can be guaranteed
limited by state laws
A legal right of every member
An absolute that can never be broken for any reason
limited by state laws
Which of the following answers most closely correlates with the number one cause of death for young people between the ages of 16 and 24?
Various forms of cancer
Homicide
Alcohol-related vehicular accidents
Suicide
Alcohol-related vehicular accidents
The goal of psychoanalysis is to
To repress conscious conflicts
Uncover the significance behind dreams
to bring unconscious conflicts to conscious awareness
Discover problems from early childhood
to bring unconscious conflicts to conscious awareness.
Awareness of the psychological type of an individual, whether it is quiet and introverted or sociable and outgoing, would be a factor in
Cognitive theory
trait theory
psychodynamic theory
behavioral theory
trait theory.
The primary focus of Reality Therapy is
self-actualization
Essential being
responsibility
Acuity
responsibility
Jungian analysis portrays personality development as most defining in
early childhood
middle adulthood
middle adulthood
Which of the following is a competency skill for a support group leader?
Ability to lead a workshop on the issue
Experience with group process
Teaching small groups
Experience with an addiction
Experience with group process
A child reaches for a hot stove and is burned slightly. The child now associates the stove with the pain of being burned, so the child avoids the stove to avoid the burn. As time goes on and the child is able to keep from being burned, behavior to avoid the stove increases. In this scenario, the action of touching a hot stove and being burned is an example of
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
Learned helplessness
Drive-reduction theory
operant conditioning
A counselor who uses psychodrama would consider which of the following statements to be true?
Unless a problem is solved, the psychodrama is a failure
Members of the group can benefit in vicarious ways by observing the work of others.
Members of the group can profit only if they are directly involved in reenacting an event
Members will change their behavior only if they develop a contract that specifies homework assignments
Members of the group can benefit in vicarious ways by observing the work of others.
John’s counselor notices that he prefers direct eye contact for speaking, has demonstrative behavior, speaks loyally of family, has flexible orientation to time, remains silent with confrontation and deals directly with issues. He is most characteristic of which minority group?
Asian Americans
Black Americans
Black Americans
In behavioral theory, emphasis is on the
Environmental effect on past overt behavior
environmental effect on present, overt behavior
Environmental effect on present, covert behavior
Environmental effect on past behavior
environmental effect on present, overt behavior
The ABC’s of REBT were developed by
Glasser
Albert Ellis.
Albert Ellis.
Transactions are a series of stimulus-response connections between two individuals’ ego states. The best described purpose of transactions is for
ego equilibrium
strokes
Game playing
Introjection
strokes
Which of the following best describes a deterministic theory where freedom is limited by unconscious elements?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic theory
Behavioral theory
Experiential theory
Psychoanalytic
The period of transition and growth according to Yalom‘s group stages occurs in the
Orientation Stage
cohesiveness stage
Conflict Stage
Termination Stage
cohesiveness stage
Jung spoke of life in terms of polarities. When he spoke of introversion-extroversion, Jung was referring to
thinking autonomously vs. socially
turning inwardly or outwardly for energy/pleasure
Introversion
Extraversion
turning inwardly or outwardly for energy/pleasure.
A counselor who assesses her clients through a/an ___________________ view believes that the environment should change to fit the client.
Autoplastic
alloplastic
Conformity
Life span
alloplastic
Psychoanalysis is a theory of personality as well as a form of therapy. The person who developed this theory is
Erickson
Freud
Harry Stack Sullivan
Jean Piaget
Freud
The demonstration of which of the following skills helps members devise alternative courses of thinking and action?
Supporting
Suggesting
Termination
Giving feedback
Suggesting
Jane is a single-parent mother with two teenage children. Two years ago she asked two divorced women to live with her family. Then, just last year, Jane remodeled the garage to enable a single women with a new baby to move in also. Which of the following answers correctly describes this household?
Shared
Supplemental
Non-family
Augmented
Supplemental
Famous behaviorists include all of the following EXCEPT:
E.L. Thorndike
Gordon Allport
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
Gordon Allport
The Martins have come to you for family therapy. They have lived in the area for eight years and are active in church and neighborhood activities. David is a hard working, loving father and husband. Mary is everything a wife and mother should be. Paul is busy being a typical, happy third grader. They all agree that sixth-grade Sherry is not happy. Sherry is the IP: the family member who
is labeled by the family as the one with the problem.
During an initial interview with a new client, Matt looks for discrepancies in the individual‘s verbal and nonverbal cues. The communication skill most descriptive of Matt‘s behavior is
Attending
observing
Encouraging
Formulating
observing
Essential factors for growth in the person-centered therapeutic process are not the specific methods and techniques but the
motivation and drive of the client
supportive relationship and climate of the process.
Unconditional positive regard
Empathy
supportive relationship and climate of the process.
The term that best describes a person’s life plan as it is played out in everyday living patterns as transactions is
Ritual
script
Racket
Operation
script
In the classic research by Ivan Pavlov on the conditioned reflex in dogs, he presents food to a dog and the dog salivates. He then presents a tone just before the food, and the dog once again salivates. After repeated pairings of the tone and food, the dog salivates at the sound of the tone without the food being presented. In this study, the salivation that occurred with the tone only is a
conditioned response
Emily, a 35-year-old professional, is dealing with work-related stress and burnout. What treatment approach is most appropriate for Emily?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy to develop coping skills
Jolie has been seeing you weekly for counseling for two years. During the time Jolie has shown marked improvement in terms of depression and ineffective decision-making. Case notes for the last six months reflect a pattern of Jolie updating you on her work and dating relationships. Then, the two of you discuss various decisions, actions that she is considering. Jolie signals no intent to terminate counseling. In terms of the issue of termination, Jolie‘s case suggests
Treating the client benignly
client dependence
Countertransference in the form of mirroring
client dependence
Matthew, a 55-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and struggles with low energy and anhedonia. What is a key component of his treatment plan?
Administering antidepressant medication
Daniel, a 32-year-old man, is struggling with alcohol addiction. What is a primary focus in his treatment plan?
Immediate detoxification
What is the role of the client in the treatment planning process?
To collaborate with the therapist in setting goals and selecting interventions.
Building a relationship, assessing reason for counseling, setting goals, identifying interventions, and preparing client for termination and follow-up are stages of counseling according to
Ivey
Cormier and Hackney
Egan
Corny
Cormier and Hackney.
Lisa, a 30-year-old woman, presents with symptoms of bulimia nervosa. What should be an initial step in her treatment plan?
Identifying and challenging distorted thoughts about body image.
Administering medication to reduce binge-purge cycles.
Identifying and challenging distorted thoughts about body image.
As clients seek counseling for their many and varied reasons, they make their choices between individual and group counseling as well. One particular advantage of using group counseling versus individual counseling is
Less paperwork
cheaper in time and money for the client.
Session time is longer
Insurance companies are more apt to pay
cheaper in time and money for the client.
Lloyd has come to you for vocational counseling. You discuss with him your probable use of which of the following instruments for such clients?
WAIS-III (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 3rd Edition)
General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)
Primary Mental Abilities Test
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale - 5th Edition
General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)
Which of the following terms defines the leader‘s attempt to prepare members to assimilate, integrate, and apply in-group learning to everyday life?
Modeling
Terminating
Initiating
Signifying
Terminating
Jan is married to a 38-year-old man who has just recently been promoted to a prominent national position within an international corporation. She explains to her group that she wants her marriage to work but that she is unhappy. In which of the following stages will the focus in Jan‘s group be on applying what she has learned in the group and putting it to use in her everyday life?
Consolidation
David, a 28-year-old man, is experiencing severe social anxiety, making it challenging for him to maintain employment. What should be a priority in his treatment plan?
Medication to reduce anxiety symptoms.
Cognitive restructuring to challenge irrational thoughts.
Cognitive restructuring to challenge irrational thoughts.
According to Tiedeman, which of the following answers is the term used to encompass the steps of exploration, crystallization, choice, and clarification?
Formalization
Preoccupation
Accommodation
Recognition
Preoccupation
Stages of the counseling process that include (1) identification and clarification of problems and opportunities, (2) setting goals, and (3) acting to achieve the goals are part of whose systematic model?
Egan
Jessie, a 55-year-old widow, is exploring the basis of her depression. She asks you the question, “Why would God do this to me. I‘ve always tried to be a good Christian?” In an attempt to integrate spirituality into your practice, you respond,
“Perhaps I can help you reconnect with God so you won‘t feel as alone.”
“This is a big question that you ask. It seems hard to know what these powerful life events mean.”
“I know it’s hard not to be angry with God. But do you think he would do this to you?”
“If you were God, would you create depression?”
“This is a big question that you ask. It seems hard to know what these powerful life events mean.”
Identifying problems, setting goals, and acting to reach those goals are stages of counseling according to
Rogers’ Person-Centered Therapy
Gerald Egan
Ivey’s Developmental Counseling and Therapy
Cormier and Hackney’s Client-Centered Therapy for Adolescents
Gerald Egan
Which state was the first state to license counselors?
Virginia
Which of the following would best describe the role of a school counselor in group guidance
Special teacher
Psychological education
Group therapist
Problem-oriented group counselor
Psychological education
The belief that environmental factors greatly influence the development of personality, can best be described by which theoretical perspective?
Trait
Socio-cultural
Psychodynamic perspective
Cognitive perspective
Socio-cultural
Parten‘s six categories of social play refer to play with little or no rules but interactive as
associative play.
Regarding Cattell‘s Culture Fair Intelligence Test, which of the following is NOT true?
Black children of low socioeconomic level did much better on this test than they did on the Stanford-Binet.
Ruby is the parent of a disruptive nine-year-old. She is in a treatment program that focuses on using parents as change agents. This kind of program
Used primarily with parents who have had their children removed from them
focuses on helping parents understand the child‘s behavior disorder.
Has not been found to be successful
Is helpful, but is usually not important since children’s problems are not related to family interactions
focuses on helping parents understand the child‘s behavior disorder.
This man first used the term mental test in his 1890 publication.
Wilhelm Wundt
James M. Cattell
Charles W. Elliott
Frank Parsons
James M. Cattell
Which of the following usually exclusively integrates various assessment tools?
Clinicians in individual private practices
A school counselor in a junior high school
A social worker within a hospital setting
A psychiatrist within a clinic setting
A school counselor in a junior high school
Which of the following has a high likelihood of being involved in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions?
Medication
High levels of partner participation
Techniques designed to uncover repressed memories in the unconscious
Indirect methods designed to approach the dysfunction in a nonconfrontive manner
High levels of partner participation
The term that best describes cognitive impairment with no recognition of objects but with intact sensory functioning is
agnosia
aphasia
Delirium
Apraxia
agnosia
This man administered the first group intelligence test.
James Cattell
Robert M. Yerkes
Alfred Binet
George A. Merrill
Robert M. Yerkes
Which of the following answers most closely describes the belief that change occurs in an orderly, building-block process?
Continuation
Continuity
Fluctuation
Maintenance
Continuity
The process of grasping the deeper meanings of problems, being open-minded regarding varying approaches/perspectives, and practicing reflective thinking as opposed to accepting statements at face value is called
Heuristics
Critical Thinking
Cognitive Monitoring
Metacognitive Knowledge
critical thinking
One definition of growth is that growth is physical changes that
result from experience.
are primarily quantitative.
is the total process of human adaptation
dependent primarily upon the child’s environment
are primarily quantitative.
Client: I am about to lose my job and I won‘t be able to pay my bills. I don‘t know if I can stand it or not. Counselor: Your job has been good for you hasn‘t it? Client: Well, uh, I guess I‘ll really miss this job more than just the money. Counselor: I would feel the same way. In terms of Carkhuff‘s 5-point Scale for Assessing Facilitative Interpersonal Counseling, how would you rate the above counselor‘s response?
1 point
3 points
5 points
4 points
1 point
Which of the following is NOT an attitude of a healthy couple?
People are basically neutral.
Perceptions are infallible.
Perceptions are infallible.
