NB CH10 Flashcards
Plasma membrane
A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Cytoplasm
The entire region of the cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope
Cytosol
The gel-like substance in which the organelles are suspended
Nucleus
Houses the cell’s DNA
Nuclear envelope
A double phospholipid bilayer that constitutes the outermost boundary of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm
The semisolid fluid inside the nucleus where chromatin and the nucleolus are located
Nucleolus
A condensed region of chromatin where ribosome synthesis occurs
Chromatin
A term used to describe chromosomes in their condensed and decondensed forms
Nucleolus (more detailed version.)
Aggregates ribosomal RNA with associated proteins to assemble ribosomal subunits that are then transported out to the cytoplasm
What is the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
Oxygen
Peroxisomes
Small, round organelles enclosed by a single membrane
Carry out redox reactions
Lysosomes
Only found in animal cells. Have low pH and enzymes within them help break down molecules
Vesicles and vacuoles
Membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport
The membranes of vesicles can fuse with plasma membranes/other membrane systems
Central vacuole
In plant cells. Plays a key role in regulating the cell’s concentration of water in changing environmental conditions
What makes up the endomembrane system?
Includes the nuclear envelope, lysosomes, vesicles, the ER, the Golgi apparatus, and the plasma membrane
What does the endomembrane system do?
Modifies, packages, tags, and transports proteins and lipids that form membranes
What are the different fibers that make up the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
What are the subunits of microfilaments?
Actin
