Nazi racial policies; including the Final Solution Flashcards
LO: Nazi racial ideology, Jews, other minorities, 'asocials'
what were the three types of races according to Nazi racial ideology?
culture-creating races - Aryans, responsible for the creation of all culture
culture-bearing race - ‘oriental races’, who could only copy Aryan ideas
culture-destroying races - Jews and Roma Gypsies, who were seen as destroying culture
what did Hitler believe was the cause of the decay and collapse of great empires?
he argued that racial mixing weakened the Aryan race, leading to the decay and collapse of great empires
what was the significance of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?
they legally discriminated against Jews, defining them based on their ancestry and forbidding mixed marriages
what was the impact of Goering’s Aryanisation policy (1937-38)?
it led to the economic persecution of Jews, inc. takeover of Jewish businesses and restrictions on their property
what event was Kristallnacht, and when did it occur?
The Night of Broken Glass took place on 9-10 November, 1938
It involved nationwide violence against Jews, resulting in deaths, arrests, and destruction of Jewish property
what was the result of the Evian conference in 1938?
the Evian Conference revealed that, while countries expressed sympathy, few were willing to accept large numbers of Jewish refugees
what was the Nazis’ Final Solution for the Jewish question, and when was it formalised?
it was the Nazi plan for systematic genocide of the Jews, formalised in the Wannsee Conference in January 1942
what was the fate of Polish Jews after the outbreak of WW2?
Polish jews, particularly those in areas occupied by Germany, were subjected to mass killings and persecution
what was the Nazi policy regarding Black people, specifically the ‘Rhineland bastards’?
the Nazis viewed children of Black soldiers and German women, known as ‘Rhineland bastards’, as racially inferior and subjected them to forces sterilisation
what was the purpose of the Action T4 euthanasia programme?
it was a Nazi policy that led to the involuntary euthanasia of people with disabilities, inc. children and adults deemed ‘hereditarily inferior’
what was the result of the Nuremberg Laws for Jews?
the Nuremberg Laws reduced Jews to second-class citizens, forbade mixed marriages, and placed heavy restrictions on their lives and rights
what was the purpose of the ghettoization of Polish Jews?
they were forces into overcrowded ghettos, where they faced starvation, disease, and high mortality rates
what were the mass killing operations conducted by the Einsatzgruppen?
they were mobile killing squads that followed the German army during the invasion of the USSR and systematically murdered Jews and others
how did Nazi policies affect Gypsies (Roma and Sinti)?
Gypsies were subjected to forced sterilisation, registration, and eventually deportation.
many were murdered during the Holocaust, particularly in extermination camps
what was the fate of disabled people under Nazi policies?
disabled people were targeted for sterilisation and euthanasia, with over 300,000 sterilised and thousands killed in the Action T4 program
how did the Nazis treat Jews in occupised Soviet territory after the invasion in 1941 ?
Jews in soviet-occupied territories were subjected to mass killings, often by shooting, and were considered a primary target of Nazi racial and political warfare
what were the conditions like in the Nazi extermination camps?
extermination camps like Auschwitz, Treblinka, and Sobidor used gas chambers disguised as shower rooms and mass graves to kill millions of Jews
