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History - gsce > Nazi Germany II > Flashcards

Nazi Germany II Flashcards

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1
Q

Nazi vs Christian beliefs?

A
  • Hitler was all powerful v God was all powerful
  • Aryan racial superiority v Everyone equal in the eyes of God
  • Military discipline v Peace
  • Dominance of the strong over weak v strong should look after weak
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2
Q

Why was Hitler worried about the Catholic Church?

A
  • They were loyal to the pope
  • They usually supported the Catholic Centre party
  • Sent their children to Catholic schools
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3
Q

What was the Reich Church 1933?

A
  • Made up of 2000 Protestant Churches
  • Supported by Nazis
  • Led by Ludwig Muller
  • Had members in uniform called the German Christians
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4
Q

What was the Confessing Church 1934?

A
  • Made up of 6000 Protestant Churches
  • Opposed by Nazis
  • Led by Martin Niemoller
  • Repressed by Nazis
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5
Q

What was the Concordat 1933?

A
  • Hitler had initially agreed with the pope that Catholics were free to worship and run their own schools whatever, but BROKE his promise :0
  • Hitler harassed priests that were opposing the Nazis and sent them to concentration camps
  • Catholic schools were removed
  • Catholic youth organisations were banned
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6
Q

Methods of Hitler censorship?

A
  • Public burning of books by Jewish writers or anyone who disagreed with Nazi views
  • Radio producers, filmmakers, play writers and newspapers were told what to say
  • Newspapers opposing Nazi were closed
  • Only radios that couldn’t recieve foreign stations were made
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7
Q

How did pastors and priests oppose the Nazis?

A
  • 6000 Protestant pastors joined Niemoller’s Confessing Church as a protest against Nazi policy
  • 800 pastors arrested and sent to concentration camps
  • 400 Catholic priests spoke out and were taken to the Dachau concentration camp
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8
Q

Pastor Martin Niemoller?

A
  • 1933 Pro Nazi - didn’t oppose Nazi restrictions on Jews
  • 1934 Against Nazi - didn’t like Nazi interference with Protestant Church - set up Confessing Church
    1938 Very Against Nazi - arrested many times for speaking out and set to a concentration camp till 1945
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9
Q

Who were the Edelweiss Pirates and the Swing Youth?

A
  • They were the youth opposition - but they were limited
  • Nazis weren’t threatened by them
  • Wrote anti- Nazi graffiti, told anti-Nazi jokes, attacking Hitler youth, listening to banned music, wore american-style clothing
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10
Q

What was the ideal Nazi woman?

A
  • Natural appearance, no makeup, long hair tied back
  • Traditional clothing
  • Fair haired, blue eyes
  • Sturdily built for children and marriage, no school
  • Non drinker, non smoker
  • Believe in Nazi ideas
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11
Q

Nazi policies against woman?

A
  • Could not work, only get married - Marriage Law of 1933
  • Should have at least 4 children
  • The German Women’s Enterprise gave women medals for having medals and radio programmes talked about home based matters
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12
Q

How did the Nazi’s want children to be brought up for the ‘good of Germany?’

A
  • To be proud of Germans supporting a strong, independant Germany
  • Girls to be strong and healthy to be good wives and fertile mothers
  • Boys to be strong and healthy in order to work for the German economy and the German forces
  • To support the Nazi party
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13
Q

Youth group activities for boys

A
  • Military drills
  • Signalling
  • Learning about Hitler and racial superiority
  • Singing patriotic songs
  • Nazi marches and rallies
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14
Q

Youth group activities for girls

A
  • Housework
  • Needlework and craft
  • Learning about babies and childcare
  • Learning what to look for in a good husband
  • Activities from boys except for military drills and signalling
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15
Q

Aims of Nazi education policy

A
  • Prepare girls to be good wives
  • Create loyal Nazis
  • Glorify Germany
  • Turn boys into strong soldiers
  • Learn Nazi beliefs
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16
Q

Nazi control of education?

A
  • Children had to attend state school - separate schools for girls and boys
  • Teachers had to be Nazi party members - Nazi Teacher’s League - attend courses to learn Nazi beliefs
  • 15% of time spent on PE, Girls taught domestic skills, Boys taught military skills, Both sexes taught traditional subjects, Race studies and Nazi eugenics taught
17
Q

Propaganda in Nazi education

A
  • All lessons began and ended with the Nazi salute
  • Nazi posters in classrooms
  • Textbooks had to be approved by Nazi Party
  • Traditional subjects were written to glorify Germany
  • Radical ideas and anti-Semitism were embedded in subjects
18
Q

Why did Hitler wanted to get people working?

A
  • The unemployed were dangerous politically - poor and hungry may turn to other parties to help
  • The unemployed were believed to be a burden on society and a waste of valuable resources
19
Q

What was the National Labour Service (RAD) 1935?

A
  • Compulsory for all men aged 18-25 to serve for 6 months on this scheme with public work - EG draining marshes
  • Many hated this - pay was low, long hours, boring work
20
Q

What were the job creation schemes?

A
  • Nazi’s put money into large projects for people to work on, including 7000km of autobahns connecting the country, public buildings and sports facilities - the stadia for the Berlin Olympics
21
Q

What was Rearmament?

A
  • The Nazis built their stockpile of arms, even though the Treaty of Versailles had stipulated limits against this
22
Q

What was Invisible unemployment?

A
  • Jews were forced out of jobs
  • Women were dismissed from jobs
  • Unmarried men under 25 doing RAD
  • Opponents of the regime sent to concentration camps
23
Q

How did the Nazi’s try to increase standard of living in the workforce?

A
  • German Labour Front - DAF replaced trade unions, ran several schemes:
  • Strength through Joy (KdF) - aimed to increase productivity and happiness of workers through holidays or low cost activities
  • Beauty of Labour (SdA) - aimed to improve conditions in workplace like getting rid of noise, providing canteens, etc. But people had to help construct these
  • The Volkswagen - promoting car ownership - Hitler asked Porsche to design a family car (VW Beetle) and people paid 5 marks to it - but it was unpopular and was given to rearmament
24
Q

How did standard of living improve by 1939?

A
  • More jobs with most men in work
  • Average wages rose by 20% compared to 1933
  • KdF and SdA improved working conditions
  • Car ownership increased three fold
25
Q

What aspects of standard of living did not improve by 1939?

A
  • Invisible unemployment meant not everyone was employed
  • Cost of food rose by an equivalent amount of the wage rise - so it cancelled out
  • Workers had few right and longer hours due to the ban of trade unions
  • Only high earners could afford cars - low earners had to spend money on essentials
26
Q

What was the Nazi racial hierachy?

A
  • THIS IS IN ORDER FROM TOP TO BOTTOM -
  • Aryan Race (THE BEST AT THE TIME)
  • Other white western Europeans
  • Eastern Europeans
  • Black people and gypsies
  • Jews (THE WORST AT THE TIME)
27
Q

What was Untermenschen?

A
  • It means ‘inferior people’
  • Nuremburg Laws banned Aryans from marrying blacks, jews, or gypsies
  • Gypsies were sent to concentration camps
  • Slaves were reminded constantly that they didn’t fit into the Aryan Race
  • Homosexuals were sent to prison or conc camps
  • Mentally and physically disabled people were killed
  • Vagrants put in conc camps
28
Q

Reasons for Jewish prosecution

A

…

29
Q

Reasons why most non-jewish people let the prosecution happen

A

…

History - gsce (14 decks)

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