AW quick fire

Question 1

Plain Indians - early settlement of the west

Answer 1

• Land - sacred
• Buffalo - food, shelter, skull
• 1834 Permanent Indian Frontier - borders to keep indians and settlers
• 1851 Indian Appropriations Act

Question 2

Early migration - early settlement of the west

Answer 2

• Gold Rush 1849 - mining towns/ growth in farming
• Donner Party - lack of planning
• Mormons - Young’s leadership, range of skills

Question 3

Law and Order - early settlement of the west

Answer 3

• Mining towns - claim jumping, road agents, saloons, racial tensions
• Law enforcement - sherriffs - poorly paid/trained, covered wide areas
• Vigilantes - lynching
• Mining courts - oversaw disputes in mining

Question 4

Fort Laramie treaty 1851 - early settlement of the west

Answer 4

• Indians allowed government to build roads/army posts throughout the land, permitted road surveryors and safe travel for migrants
• Paid annuities of food - DEPENDANCE - identification of territory for each tribe

Question 5

Problems of farming - early settlement of the west

Answer 5

• Ploughing, normal ploughs broke - ‘sod-busters’
• Crops failed due to extreme weather
• Few trees - less shelter

Question 6

Cattle industry - conflicts and conquest

Answer 6

• Great Die Up - 1886-87, overstocking put end to open range, lack of demand
• Smaller ranches, fenced with barbed wire
• Cattle number increased, buffalo numbers decline - some plain indians worked as cowboys
• Johnson County War - corrupt cattle barons having power over smaller ranches - ella and jim, tolpuddle

Question 7

Problem of Law and Order - conflicts and conquest

Answer 7

• Johnson County War - corrupt cattle barons having power over smaller ranches - ella and jim, tolpuddle
• Billy the Kid - showed weak justice system in Lincoln County
• Wyatt Earp - deputy sheriff, violent approach, forced out
• Rail and telegraph enabled better law enforcement

Question 8

Destruction of Plain Indian life - conflicts and conquest

Answer 8

• Extermination of buffalo - forced plain indians to rely on reservations, encouraging them to discard tradition
• Dawes Act 1887 - each plain indian family allocated 160 acres
• 1890 Indian frontier closed

Question 9

Continued growth of settlement - conflicts and conquest

Answer 9

• Exoduster movement 1879 - black americans took up homestead claims in kansas leading to racial tensions
• Oklahoma land rush 1839 - leftover indian territory was split into 160 acre claims and white settlers went BALLISTIC

Question 10

New farming methods - conflicts and conquest

Answer 10

• Barbed wire - cheap to fence
• Mechanisation - background info
• Dry farming - using trapped rainwater under surface
• Wind pumps - draw water from underground

Question 11

Battle of little bighorn 1876 - conflicts and conquest

Answer 11

• challenged public opinion for plain Indians - pressured gov to crush plain indian resistance