Nazi Foreign Policy - Other nations contributions

Question 1

Who did Hitler try to form an alliance with due to racial acceptability?

Answer 1

Britain, but despite the 1935 Naval Agreement, Britain never made the alliance the Nazi’s wanted

Question 2

What did many countries try to avoid after WWI and why?

Answer 2

War and conflict due to unstable situations in their country

Question 3

Which three countries became dictatorships after WWI?

Answer 3

Germany, Italy and Japan

Question 4

What similarities did Germany, Italy and Japan hold despite their ideological differences?

Answer 4

anti-communist beliefs, resentment for ToV, rejection of democracy and a belief in the importance of a strong military that could impose the will of the dictatorship by force

Question 5

Collective security

Answer 5

Co-operation between countries that agree to settle their disputes without resorting to war and to help each other if attacked

Question 6

League of Nations membership

Answer 6

Not all nations were part of it making it weak as they didn’t have to work with it. Countries that fought against it were not asked to join and nor was Russia. Germany was asked to join and the US congress refused to join

Question 7

League of Nations Bureaucracy

Answer 7

Slow to make decisions and members seldom agreed to economic sanctions let alone military force. It needs the agreement of a significant majority to act

Question 8

League of Nations enforcement

Answer 8

Didn’t have its own army so members countries had to supply troops and many were reluctant. Most nations act in self interest.

Question 9

What were the major disputes involving the League of Nations after 1931?

Answer 9

The Mukden Incident, 16th September 1931
Italy invaded Abyssinia, 3rd October 1935
Spanish Civil War, 1936
China and Japan war, 1937
USSR invaded Finland, 30th November 1939

Question 10

The Mukden incident

Answer 10

16th September 1931, Led to the Japanese takeover of Manchuria which ran as a satellite called Manchuko from 1932 and LoN protested but Japan just left in March 1933

Question 11

Italy’s invasion of Abyssinia

Answer 11

3rd October 1935, on the 7th dec the league of nations demanded that Italy left and it didn’t and on the 9th they imposed partial economic sanctions. by 1936 Italy had all of Abyssinia

Question 12

Spanish civil war

Answer 12

1936, Spain had supported the league but as it wasn’t from another country the league wavered. it did nothing in the end

Question 13

Why did the USSR ask to join the League of Nations?

Answer 13

They were worried by the way Germany and Japan spoke against communism and needed allies in 1934

Question 14

What was Britains attitude towards Germany until 1939?

Answer 14

To avoid an alliance but pursue a course of appeasement to keep peace. This was driven by a desire to not go to war and Britain was facing colonial unrest and a pressure for independence from colonies such as India and Egypt.

Question 15

How did Britain and Frances appeasement policy contribute to war?

Answer 15

It encouraged Germany, Italy and Japan to seize more territory and increased Hitlers confidence in his Eastern Europe aggression

Question 16

What was Frances attitude towards Germany until 1939?

Answer 16

Resentful and angry due to Germany’s failure to meet the terms of the ToV, but they had turned to appeasement, however were scared of german invasion.

Question 17

What was Italy’s attitude towards Germany?

Answer 17

Dissatisfied with Tov, shared an anti-communist outlook and beliefs. Some unsettlement over Austria

Question 18

What was the attitude of the USSR like?

Answer 18

Isolated in Europe by its Communist ideology. Stalin wanted to build its industry, agriculture and army to a point of self sufficiency and wanted to avoid war. similar to hitler.

Question 19

What was the attitude of USA towards Germany?

Answer 19

Followed isolationism and disarmament in the 20s and 30s. Exported arms to Germany and tried to work for world peace. Intervened to persuade Hitler to withdraw from Czechoslovakia in 1938.
Produces Neutrality Act in 1937, encouraging Hitler to go to war

Question 20

What was the Attitude of Japan towards germany?

Answer 20

Dissatisfied by Treaties that ended WWI and its treatment in the League. Left the league in 1933 and formed uneasy alliances with Italy and Germany but not enthusiastically

Question 21

What was another cause that contributed to WWII?

Answer 21

World economy

Question 22

How did the world economy contribute to WWII?

Answer 22

The Depression after the 1929 Wall Street crash, leading to growing support for extreme parties. Countries became more inward looking and traded less.