Nazi Control And Dictatorship Flashcards
2 ways hitler removed internal opposition
- knight of the long knives
- merged role of president and chancellor ( fuhrer)
Night of tge long knives
- june 30th 1934
- sa were disbanded
- 200 sa leaders killed including rohm
- over 400 ppl executed
How did hitler cobtrol the army
Made them swear an oath of loyalty to him 1934
Riechstag fire
- February 1933 riechstag building burned down
- blamed on communist van de lubbe
- communists scapegoated
Which law s as llowed hitler to remove communist opposition
Law for the protection of the people and the state
Ebabling act
Enabling act said hitler could make decisions without riechstag for 4 years
- thus meant democracy had been suspended
What did hitler use the enabling act to do
- make decisions without riechstag
- ban external opposition trade unions , local gov. And otger parties
How did hitler get rid of external opposition ( trade unions)
- jitler saw thrr e m as breeding ground for communism
- may 1933 all trade unions banned and replaced with nazi labour front
Anyone whi fisagreed was sent yo dachau
How did hitker remove external opposition (political parties)
- worried rical oarties could pressure hindenburg to reverse enabling act
- banned all other parties 1933
- officially naking german totalitarian state
- disagree- sent yo camps
When was the night of the long knives
June 30th 1934
Impacts of long knives
- hitler endured full control over party
- sa removed and replaced by ss led by himmler
Police state - gustapo
- secret police focused on anything against nazis
- feared as thry ciild ve anyobe dressed in normsl clothes - they also tspped phones and followed ppl
- relied on infornants to denounce family friends or neighbours
Police state - law courts
- judges gad to swear oath to hitler ( naxis could control who was guilty and not )
- lawters gad to sign up to baxi lawyer’s association
- death penalty expanded from 3 crimes to 46
- concentration camps
Who was goebbels
Gead of ministry of enlightenment whuch organised propaganda and censorship
Nazi propaganda
- hitlwr myth - the idea of hitler being a saviour posted everywhere
- radio - controlled by nazis and used to spread idealogues
- arts - classical gernan mudic promoted ( wagner and beethoven)
Nazi censorship
- jazz banec ( african American roots)
- books - list of vanned books published- in berlin 20,000 books burbed by ss in mass nongire
- universities - by 1938 3000+ lecturers removed for not teaching Nazi ideology
- art - only perfect aryan men abd women desplayed in art galleries
Seperate spheres
Idea that women should raise kids abd ptmrotect hone wbule men should fight and protect germany
5 ways nazis controlled women
- 3 ks
- lebensbirn
- mothers cross
- work
- limited rights
Lebensborn
- set up yo increase bithrate
- support for unmarried aryan pregnant women
Mothers cross
Award given for gaving children - prestige and status
Womens work
- work restricted snd many women lost thrir jobs
- ( backfired) many mothers refused to go back to work when ww2 broke out
Why did nazis reform schools
They wanted to brainwash children in order to create future nazis who were loyal
How were schools reorganised
- new lessons like nazi theory lessons that tought jews were inferior and tge cause of germanys problems
-genders selarated gifls learnec cooking and sex ed shild bots did dports , physics et - all children taught eugenics
How did the church resist the Nazis
The Confessional Church held secret meetings and circulated anti-Nazi propaganda but their leader Pastor Martin Niemoller was arrested.
3 youth groups who rejected the nazis
- eldewiess pirates
- swing youth
- the white rose group
How did the edelweiss pitates resist the Nazis
The Edelweiss Pirates were young boys who
- grew their hair long and
- listened to Jazz music.
- They refused to join the Hitler Youth
- helped bazi deserters
- distributed anti nazi leaflets
- after this nazis crackdown and several were executed
How did the white rose group resist the Nazis
The White Rose Group were university students who resisted censorship at university and circulated anti-Nazi propaganda. Their leader was arrested and executed
July bomb plot
The July Bomb Plot of 1934 successfully set off a bomb in Hitler’s office. It was made by army chiefs and some within the Nazi who wanted Hitler gone but it was unsuccessful. 5,000 people were executed for this.
How did tge bazis control employment
- german labour service
- rearmament
- autarky
- volkswagen car scheme
How did the German labour service control unemployment
German Labour Service set up to provide jobs for men. Would work for 6 months such as building new hospitals or autobahns (motorways). They received either ‘pocket money or no wages at all.
How did rearmarment control unemployment
Rearmament in German began and gave lots of jobs to men building new weapons and ammunition.
How did autarky control unemployment
Autarky or ‘self-sufficiency’ was Hitler’s plan to make Germany not reliant on materials or food from abroad. Nazis tried to find cheaper alternative materials to oil and rubber but they were unsuccessful-Germany still had to import lots of food and materials by 1939
What does autarky mean
Self sufficiency
How did volkswagen car scheme vontrol unemployment
Volkswagen car scheme- the ‘people’s car’ was invented for Germans to pay a small amount of money per month until they could get one. This created jobs for those making them but very fen
Germans ever got a car
How did the nazis treat disabled people
People with disability:
In 1933, the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Oiseased Offspring. People who were mentally ill, alcoholic deaf or bind were
‘orceful sterilised, 400,000 were sterilised by 1939.
Law passed that forced disabled people to be sterilised
1933, the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Oiseased Offspring.
6 main nazi veliefs
- a STRONG Germany.
• Totalitarian state: one leader with no democracy.
• Social Darwinism: the idea that the Aryan race was superior and
Jewish people were ‘sub-human’
Autarky - Germany should be economically self-sufficient
• Communists and Jews put Germany in danger
• Lebensraum: German needs more living space to expand - Women and men have separate spheres.
How did the naxis control the catholic church
- did not like the influence catholic schools or interference of pope
- conccordat agreement 1933 signed with the pope to agree catholic s would be left alone as long as they swire loyalty to Hitler
- broke soon after - disbanded schools and youth groups 800 priests arrested
How did tge nazis control the protestant church
- took over and turned into the riech church
- priests vhosen by bazis - called german christians who wire nazi uniforms
- reich church praised hitler in hus services and sang bazi sings as well as hymns
- resistant priests sent to concentration camps
Control of living standards and workers
- strength through joy - kdf
- beauty if labour - sda
Kdf / strength through joy
- The KDF (Strength Through Joy) offered German workers the chance to go on free holidays if they worked very hard and met their targets. These would be holidays such as cruises
- The KDF was important because it encouraged people to work harder and helped improve the German economy faster
In reality, not many Germans ever got to go on a free holiday
Was the kdf a succes or failure
The KDF was important because it encouraged people to work harder and helped improve the German economy faster however
In reality, not many Germans ever got to go on a free holiday
Beauty of labour
- Beauty of Labour (SdA) - scheme to get employers to provide better facilities for workers, like better toilets, changing rooms canteens.
Confessional church
Followed traditional German Protestantism and refused to allow the Nazification of religion. Led by Pastor Martin Niemoller
With burning concern
The Pope wrote to priests in Germany about his concerns over the Nazi attempts to control religion
German labour front
Set up to replace Trade Unions
Hiw did the swing youth oppose the nazis
Mainly teens from wealthy families who followed American not nazi culture they loved swing music and organised illegal dances
