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history- nazi and weimar germany > early years of nazis and hitlers rise to power > Flashcards

early years of nazis and hitlers rise to power Flashcards

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1
Q

consequences of munich putsch

A
  • hitler arrested and put on trial for 24 days
  • massive publicity for nazi party - trial was reported in news papers-
  • hitler used this as an opportunity to criticise the government
  • hitler sentenced to 5 years
  • ludendorff set free
  • hitler realised he had to gain power democratically
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2
Q

what happened to hitler in prison

A
  • allowed as many visitors as he wanted
  • used time to organise political ideas
  • wrote down his ideas in his book mein kampf that became a bestseller
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3
Q

ideals mentioned in mein kampf

A
  • aryan race was master race
  • jews were subhuman
  • germany should be totalitarian state and remove democracy
  • wealth of industry and land should be used to benefit german workers
  • make germany great again
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4
Q

when did hitler first join the party

A

1919 it only had 23 members

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5
Q

when did hitler become leader of the dap

A

september 1921 and reshapes it into the nazi party nsdap

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6
Q

how many members did the party have by 1920

A

3000

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7
Q

early organisation of nazi party

A
  • 25 point programme that opposed - democracy, judaism, weimar republic and the treaty of versailles
  • party leaders were selected due to skills and image
  • rohm (german war hero) in charge of the sa - paramilitary force /hitler’s private body guards
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8
Q

long term causes for munich putsch

A
  • deep resentment for weimar republic
  • treaty of versailles + dolchstoss (stabbed in the back)
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9
Q

mid term causes for munich putsch

A
  • influenced by fascists in italy led by mussolini
  • modelled flag and salute off them
  • inspired by ‘march on rome’ which forced italian government to accept mussolini as their leader
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10
Q

short term causes for munich putsch

A
  • upset about french occupation of the ruhr and hyperinflation
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11
Q

what were the events of the munich putsch

A
  • november 8th 1923
  • hitler and nazi party interrupted local government meeting lead by von kahr and locked it off and announced he was taking over bavaria and then all of germany
  • von —- agreed to help if he was set free but then contacted the police
  • hitler and 3,000 nazis marched to munich where they were met by police and arrested
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12
Q

how was the party reorganised in 1923

A
  • hitler realised violence was not effective
  • introduced the ss led by himmler as he did not trust sa and to strengthen the paramilitary forces
  • gauleiters were regional leaders of the party
  • set up headquarters in munich
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13
Q

when was the bamberg conference

A

august 1926

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14
Q

why did the bamberg conference happen

A

by 1926 there was a clear split between the nazi party
- some members (like goebbels) emphasised the socialist part
- while others like hitler emphasised the nationalist aspect

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15
Q

what happened during the bamberg conference

A
  • hitler called a national conference of the nazi party to address the divide between the party
  • hitler spoke for 5 hours trying to convince members like goebbels that socialism was like communism which was their enemy
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16
Q

consequences of bamberg conference

A
  • hitler’s control was clear
  • socialist policies were reduced
  • hitler had power to adapt any policies he liked
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17
Q

when was the wall street crash

A

october 1929

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18
Q

what was the wall street crash

A

when the american stock market crashed as people quickly sold their shares in businessess

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19
Q

consequences of the wall street crash world wide

A

the great depression

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20
Q

consequences of the wall street crash in germany

A
  • loan payments - forced to repay dawes plan loan making her bankrupt
  • no investments - businesses suffered which impacted trade
  • unemployment - reached 6 million by 1933 60% of graduates could not get a job
  • food shortages - farms closed down due to lack of investment causing food shortages to spread across germany
  • support for extremist parties
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21
Q

why did the communist party grow in popularity

A
  • great depression
  • by july 1932 they had 89 seats
  • strong support among working class due to….
  • growing unemployment - 6mil by 1933
  • falling wages - 15% lower than in 1928
  • saw communists as only party who would defend jobs and wages
22
Q

why did the nazis grow in popularity

A
  • great depression
  • 6 mil unemployed by 32
  • people turned to scapegoats (communists and jewish)
  • hitler promised the work and bread
  • dislike for weimar republic
  • bruning passed unpopular laws with article 48
  • increased taxes and decreased unemployment benefits
  • nazis promised to fix this
  • appeal of hitler
  • charismatic and strong speaker
  • filled his audience with hope
  • used propaganda and new technology to appeal to different groups
23
Q

how did hitler help the nazis grow in popularity

A
  • charismatic and strong speaker
  • filled his audience with hope
  • used propaganda and new technology to appeal to different groups
24
Q

3 ideologies hitler stated in nein kampf

A
  • aryan race was master race
  • make german a totalitarian state and remove democracy
  • jewish people were subhuman
25
Q

Long term causes gor munich putsch

A
  • Treaty of versailles ( dolchstoss)
  • deep resentment for Weimar Republic
26
Q

Mid term causes for munich putsch

A
  • influenced by fascists ( modeled tgeir salut, and use of flags on fascists)
  • in 1922 mussolini lead a “ march on rome” forcing italian gov. To accept him as leader
27
Q

Short term causes fir munich putsch

A
  • angry abt hyperinflation anf occupation of the rhur
28
Q

When was the munich putsh

A

November 1923

29
Q

What happened during munich putsch

A
  • hitler interrupted a government meeting led by von kahr
  • announced he was taking over barvaria and then all of Germany
  • kahr said he’d support hitler if he was released
  • kahr was let go but contacted the police
  • Hitler abd supporters led a march on munuch but were stopped by police and arrested
30
Q

Why was bruning an unpopular chancellor

A
  • wanted to increase benefits for unemployed but was rejected by riechstag
  • passed laws under article 48which increased taxes snd decreased unemployment benefits
  • president hindenburg refused to take land from rich and give to poor farm owners as he thought it was too comunist - good shortages continued
31
Q

What happened in july 1932

A
  • bruning resigns as chancellor due yo unpopularity
  • hindenberg appoints von papen - who is unpopular so a reelection is called
32
Q

How many seats dif the baxis win in the reelection ( due to von papen being unpopular)

A

230 ( biggest oarty in reichstag

33
Q

What happens in novemer 1932

A

Another election- von schleicher nade chancellor ( but resigned due to no support)

34
Q

What happens January 30th 1933

A

Hitler becomes chancellor

35
Q

When foes hitler became chancellor

A

January (30th) 1933

36
Q

4 reasons hitler became chancellor

A
  • imoacts of freat depression
    -1932 election results
  • failures of weimar
  • fear of comunism
37
Q

What type of leader was president hindenburg

A
  • liked to govern by decrees (article 48)
  • preferred style of government under kaiser
38
Q

Who were von papen and von schleicher

A
  • right wing conservatives who both wanted to mive away from government by parties elected to reichstag and tiwards government controlled by wealthy land owners and industrialists
39
Q

Effects of Great Depression on average person

A
  • high unemployment
  • increased homelessness
  • lost savings
  • food shortages
40
Q

Consequences on geemany of great depression

A
  • loan repaynents , forced to pay back dawes plan loan
  • unemployment reached 6 million by 1932
  • food shortages- farms closed down due to lack of investment
  • increased support for extreme parties
41
Q

How did the nazis appeal to women

A
  • promised to look after future generations and restore family values
42
Q

How did nazis sppeal to upper class and business men

A
  • promissd to protect their money land and businesses from tge communists
43
Q

Hiw did tge bazis apoeal to young people

A
  • used gramophones to connect with the youth and promised a brighter future eith more jobs and money
44
Q

How did tge bazis appeal to farmers

A
  • promised vetter quality of life, land and higher wages
  • protect them from communists
45
Q

How did the nazis appeal to the middle classes

A
    • hitler was seen as a saviour who could improve their lives , give them money, protect against communism and restore traditional values
46
Q

When was mein kampf published

A

1925

47
Q

When was the bamberg conference

A

1926

48
Q

When did the nazis win 230 reichstag seats

A

July 1932

49
Q

Who set up the german worker’s party and when

A

Jan 1919 drexler

50
Q

When did hitler become leader if bazi party

A

July 1921

51
Q

What fid rohm and the sa do yo reduce opposition

A

Disrupted opposition meetings and controlled opposition with violence

52
Q

When is the ss formed

A

1925

history- nazi and weimar germany (9 decks)

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