Navy Flashcards
What was the traditional navy tactic?
.Fighting in a line with every ship matched up to another ship
What tactics did the British use that succeeded over the traditional tactic?
.Hyper aggressive tactics such as Trafalga, where they faced the Spanish and French line with two parallel lines meaning more firepower.
What where the ships of the line?
.Standard European ships with large amount of broadside cannons.
.1st/2nd rate ships = 80 - 120 cannons (eg victory)
.3rd rate ships = 64 - 80 cannons (most common)
.4th rate ships = < 64 cannons (discontinued)
What was the two power standard?
British Navy had to be as powerful as the next two most powerful navies combined
What was the Naval defence Act 1889?
.Aimed to deter foreign powers from expanding
.increased Navy considerably so other powers couldn’t;t keep up
What was John Fisher’s modernisation program 1904?
.scrapped 154 older warships, restructured British fleets across the world with the largest and most modern ships centred in Europe.
.Created the dreadnaught in 1906.
.France, Russia a Italy etc copied the dreadnaught
What were the key developments for steam power?
1894 - experimental steamship
1843 - First British steam propelled frigate
1859 - French iron clad warship
1861 - British HMS warrior iron clad warship
1873 - British abandon sales on warships
What was the navy’s role in slavery?
1840’s squadrons aimed to stop the slave trade, used paddle steamers to follow slavers into rivers, then captured clipper ships which were faster and easier to capture the slavers with.
1810 - 60 = navy captured and free 150,000 slaves
What was the navy role in piracy?
.Had to deal with pirate threats in; East Indies, Red Sea and China
Why did the British attack the Barbary states?
The British bombarded Algeria, Tunis and Tripoli known as the Barbary states, to ensure safe shipping in the 1600’s
America did not and ended up paying 1m ransom after a single raid.
However Britain destroyed the Barbary states and forced them to hand over their slaves in a bombardment in 1816
What did Captain cook do 1768 - 71?
.In order to chart waters for the navy, he decided to circumnavigate the globe and chart the waters using the transit of Venus.
What were the importances of Captain Cook’s voyage?
.Showed it was possible for an expedition to stay at sea for three years without losing an unacceptable number of men.
.Used new technology such as Harrison’s watch.
.Established a British claim to new lands in Australia, New Zealand and the pacific
What was the Timeline for Royal Navy basis?
1782 - Minorca lost to the Spanish
1783 - Britain retains Gibraltar
1815 - Malt, Ceylon and Cape Town are secured
1833 - Falklands are acquired by Britain
1839 - Aden becomes a Royal Navy base
1878 - Cyprus is acquired.
What was the significance of the accusation of Gibraltar?
.Allowed access to the Mediterranean
.Disrupted access for French main ports
.Despite best efforts of the Spanish could not be taken in 1783
What was the significance of the accusation of Ceylon?
.Huge amount of money in goods + the acquisition of the plantation
.Strategic naval base that could pay for itself
