Navigation Rules Flashcards
Learn and Memorize
RULE 5
Verbatim
Lookout
Every vessel SHALL at all times maintain a proper lookout by SIGHT and HEARING as well as ALL AVAILABLE means appropriate in PREVAILING CIRCUMSTANCES and conditions so as to make a FULL APPRAISAL of the situation and of the Risk of Collision.
Rule 6
Verbatim
Safe Speed
Every vessel SHALL at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take PROPER and EFFECTIVE ACTION to avoid collision and be stopped within a DISTANCE APPROPRIATE to the prevailing CIRCUMSTANCES and CONDITIONS.
What are the: Six Safe Speed Factors
Six Safe speed factors:
1. State of Visibility.
2. Traffic Density of vessels.
3. Maneuverability of the Vessel. in reference to Draft and
Turning ability in prevailing circumstances.
4. At Night, Presence of background lighting.
5. State of wind, seas, current, proximity of Nav. hazards
6. Draft in relation to available depth of water.
(Visibility, Density, Maneuver, Night Light, Weather, Draft).
What are the Six Operational Radar factors?
Six Operational Equipped Factors to determine safe speed
- Characteristics, efficiency, limitations of radar.
- Constraints by Radar scale
- Effect on radar detection by sea, weather, & interference
- Possibility of small vessels, ice, other floating objects
- Number, Location, and movement of vessels
- More exact assessment of visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine range of vessels or objects in vicinity.
(Characteristics, Efficiency, Limitations,Scale,Weather Interference, Small floating objects, #/location of vessels, assessment of visibility with range of objects)
Rule 7
Verbatim
Risk of Collision (ROC)
Every Vessel SHALL, USE ALL AVAILABLE MEANS.
APPROPRIATE in PREVAILING CIRCUMSTANCES and Conditions to Determine if Risk of Collision exists.
If there is doubt, such risk SHALL be deemed to exist.
SHALL-properly use radar equipment, if fitted and
operational. To obtain early warning of Risk of
Collision and Radar Plotting.
SHALL NOT - make assumptions on basis of scanty
Information.
Considerations Shall be made to determine ROC
1. RISK SHALL BE DEEMED- if compass bearing of an
approaching vessel does not appreciably change.
2. RISK MAY EXIST: Event when appreciable bearing
change is evident, particularly when approaching a very
large vessel or a tow at close range.
Rule 8
Action to Avoid Collision
Any ACTION – taken to avoid collision SHALL be taken in accordance with the rules
SHALL if circumstances admit, be POSITIVE, made in AMPLE TIME and with DUE REGARD TO OBSERVANCE OF GOOD SEAMANSHIP.
Any ALTERATION – of course and/or speed to avoid collision SHALL be LARGE enough to be READILY APPARENT to another vessel observing by visual or radar. Should avoid small alterations of course or speed.
If sufficient sea room – alteration of course may not be most effective action to avoid Collision in a close quarte situation. Provided it’s made in Good time.
Action SHALL – be such to result in safe passing at a safe distance. Effectiveness of action shall be checked until other vessel is past and clear.
If necessary, slacken speed, reverse, or take all way off to avoid collision or allow more time to access.
Any vessel is required not to impede passage of another.
Rule 9
Narrow Channels
Vessel proceeding the course SHALL keep clear as near to outer limit which lies on her Starboard side.
Vessel < 20M, Fishing or Sailing - SHALL not impede passage of Vessel which can only safely navigate in channel.
Shall not cross narrow channel if it impedes transit of vessel that can only safely navigate in channel
Overtaking can only be done if vessel overtaken has taken action to permit safe passing. (Utilizing sound signals)
Shall avoid anchoring, shall navigate with alertness and caution near a bend or obstruction.
Rule 10
Traffic Seperation Scheme (highway)
Vessel SHALL:
- proceed in APPROPRIATE traffic lane and direction
- keep clear of traffic Seperation line or zone. (Median)
- join or leave either side at a small angle to direction of flowing (like leaving or entering a highway)
- cross at a right angle to directiom
Vessel SHALL NOT: (except <20M, Fishing, Sailing)
- use an inshore traffic zone. (Unless entering port/pilot or to avoid immediate danger).
Navigate with caution near terminations of traffic separation schemes, avoid anchoring.
Vessels <20M, fishing, or sailing. Shall not impede safe passage of another vessel following traffic lane.
Rule 11
Application - Threshold Rule
Rule 11-18 apply only to vessels “IN SIGHT”
Rule 13
Situation
Rule 13 - Overtaking (Vessels in-sight only)
Any vessel overtaking shall keep out of way of vessel being overtaken. Alteration of bearing shall not make a overtaking situation a crossing situation.
✓ vessel overtaking when 22.5 degrees abaft her beam
✓ (night) able to only see sternlight of vessel
✓ risk of Collision exists
✓ any two vessels apply
Vessel overtaking is giveway and to keep clear.
Rule 14
Situation
Rule 14 - Head-On (Vessels in-sight only)
✓ Two power driven vessels
✓ Meeting on or near reciprocal courses.
✓ Risk of Collision exists
✓ (NIGHT) see masthead lights in a line or both sidelights
(Day) see corresponding aspect of vessel.
Each vessel SHALL ALTER COURSE TO STARBOARD TO PASS PORT.
(International - vessel down current has right of way in great lakes, western rivers and waters specified by secretary)
Rule 15
Situation
Rule 15 - Crossing Situation (Vessels in-sight only)
Vessel which has other on her Starboard side shall keep out of way and avoid crossing ahead.
✓ Two power driven vessels only.
✓ Risk of Collision exists.
Rule 16
Action
Rule 16 - Action by Give-Way Vessel
(Vessels in sight only)
Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel “SHALL SO FAR AS POSSIBLE” take EARLY and SUBSTANTIAL ACTION to keep well clear.
(Does not specify to turn port/stbd).
Rule 17
(Situation)
“Shall, may, shall, not)
Rule 17 - Action by Stand-on Vessel
(Vessels only in sight of one another)
✓SHALL keep her course and speed
✓MAY, take action to avoid collision by Maneuver alone as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the Give-Way Vessel is not taking appropiate action.
✓SHALL, take action best to avoid collision if Give-Way vessels action alone can not avoid collision.
✓SHALL NOT - alter course to port, if circumstances admit for a vessel on her own port side.
× Rule does not relieve Give-Way of her obligation
Rule 18
Responsibilities
Rule 18 - Responsibilities between Vessels
(Vessels only in sight)
Except rule 9, 10, 13. (Important)
“Only non rates can fool senior personnel sometimes, wow”
Overtaken Not Under Command Restricted in Ability to Maneuever Constrained by Draft Fishing Sailing Power Driven Seaplane WIG
