Navigation

Question 1

what is navigation?

Answer 1

Navigation is the science of maneuvering and monitoring a vessel from one place to another safely and efficiently

Question 2

what are the two types of navigational charts?

Answer 2

Raster charts and Vector charts

Question 3

What is the difference between raster and vector?

Answer 3

Raster charts are scanned copy of paper charts and vector charts are computer generated charts

Question 4

What are 4 navigational equipment found on board?

Answer 4

AIS, RADAR, GPS, ECDIS

Question 5

Whats is AIS and its purpose?

Answer 5

stands for automatic identification system. Used by seafarers to identify other vessels and monitor their positions. providing information like their location, speed and even heading

Question 6

What is GPS and what is it’s purpose?

Answer 6

stands for global positioning system. It shows us our up to date location (lat and long) via satellite.

Question 7

What is ECDIS and what is its purpose?

Answer 7

Stands for electronic chart display and information system. Is a navigational tool used by seafarers in order to plan and create routes, create safety measures and monitor our vessel’s movement. It simplifies navigational tasks

Question 8

What is RADAR and its function?

Answer 8

Stands for radio detection and ranging. It sends out radio waves to locate targets and identify their bearing, distance and even speed

Question 9

Three types of navigation

Answer 9

Terrestrial, Celestial, electronic

Question 10

What is celestial Navigation?

Answer 10

Is navigation by the use of celestial bodies as reference. Bodies such as moon, sun and even constellations.

Question 11

What is terrestrial navigation?

Answer 11

Terrestrial Navigation is navigation using terrestrial object as reference. Terrestrial bodies such as, buoys, light house and islands

Question 12

What is electronic navigation?

Answer 12

Electronic navigation is the easiest of the three. It uses Electronic navigational tools in order to navigate. It easier do to the fact that it is computer generated

Question 13

What is the difference between SOG and STW?

Answer 13

Speed overground is the speed of a vessel relative to the Earth’s surface without factoring in external forces

Speed through water is the speed of a vessel relative to the water factoring in external forces

It is possible for the SOG to be 0 and STW to be 3.

If a vessel is being pushed by the current for 3 knots, it’s STW would be 3, but SOG would be 0

Question 14

What is bearing?

Answer 14

Bearing is the direction of the target measured in degrees

Question 15

What is Horizon?

Answer 15

it is the imaginary horizontal line in which the earth and the sky meet

Question 16

What are the 4 cardinal Marks?

Answer 16

North, East, South, West

Question 17

What are the inter cardinal marks?

Answer 17

Northeast, northwest, Southeast, southwest

Question 18

How many points in boxing the compass?

Answer 18

32 points each 11.25 degrees

Question 19

What is latitude and longitude?

Answer 19

Latitude is the imaginary horizontal line that runs from the east of the earth to the west measured in 0 to 90 degrees

Longitude is the imaginary Vertical Line that runs from north to south of the earth. Measured from 0 to 180 degrees

Question 20

What is compass error?

Answer 20

It is the difference between the compass heading and the true north

Question 21

What are the 2 types of compass errors?

Answer 21

Variation and deviation

Question 22

What is variation?

Answer 22

Variation is a compass error in which the compass points away from the true north because of the magnetic north’s influence

Question 23

what is the formula from true to compass error?

Answer 23

T
V
M
D
C

E-

Question 24

What is the formula from compass error to true?

Answer 24

C
D
M
V
T

E+

Question 25

How to determine speed, distance, and time of a vessel?

Answer 25

Distance = SxT
S= D/T
T= D/S

Question 26

what is dead reckoning?

Answer 26

Dead reckoning is locating our current position by the use of a known starting position and factoring in the direction the traveled, Elapsed Time and estimated speed

Question 27

What is Set and Drift?

Answer 27

Set is the direction in which the current is pushing the vessel.

Drift is the speed in which the current is pushing the vessel

Question 28

Nautical Mile to meters

Answer 28

1852 Meters

Question 29

Nautical Mile to Kilometer

Answer 29

1.852

Question 30

Mile to nautical mile

Answer 30

1.15 Miles

Question 31

Kilometers to mile

Answer 31

0.6 miles

Question 32

miles to kilometers

Answer 32

1.6 Kilometers

Question 33

What is echo sounding?

Answer 33

using sound waves to determine the depth of the ocean and to locate what’s underneath

Question 34

what is great circle?

Answer 34

Is the shortest distance from point A to Point B in shpere

Question 35

What is voyage planning?

Answer 35

it is the procedure in creating a complete description of a vessel’s voyage start to finish

Question 36

4 steps in voyage planning?

Answer 36

1 appraisal
2 Planning
3 Execution
4 Monitoring

Question 37

What is the appraisal stage?

Answer 37

It is gathering essential information’s and documents for the vessels voyage

Question 38

What is the planning stage?

Answer 38

you use the information that you have gathered to create a guide map for your voyage. that includes the shortest distance, the safest routes and the estimated time of arrival

Question 39

what is the execution stage?

Answer 39

It is when you take your planning into action.

Question 40

what is monitoring stage?

Answer 40

It is when you watch Monitor your vessel’s movements and make sure that the vessel is following the plan that you have made. also checking any available means to make sure that your vessel is in safe distance from hazards

Question 41

two types of RADAR

Answer 41

S band and X band

Question 42

difference between s band and x band

Answer 42

s band 2-4 hrtz better in bad weather, less detailed, longer wavelength

x band 8 - 12 hrtz better locating smaller objects and is more detailed, shorter wavelength