Colregs Flashcards
rule 1
Application- All vessels are subject to COLREGS in high seas and all connected waters navigable by seagoing vessels
Rule 2
Responsibilities- No one is excused from the consequences of neglecting colregs. all are responsible to avoid collision by providing good seamanship and special circumstances.
Rule 3
General definitions-
Vessels = Any water craft, including non-displacement craft, WIG craft, and seaplanes, used or capable of being used for transportation on water.
Power-driven vessels = Vessels propelled by machinery.
Sailing vessels = Vessels under sail (propelling machinery not used, if fitted). Vessels engaged in fishing = Vessels using nets, lines, trawls, etc. that restrict maneuverability (excluding trolling lines). Seaplanes = Aircraft designed to maneuver on water. Vessels not under command = Vessels unable to maneuver due to exceptional circumstances. Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre = Vessels restricted in maneuvering due to the nature of their work.
Rule 4
Application- applies to any condition of visibility
rule 5
Look out- Every vessel shall have a proper look out by sight and hearing and by any available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and condition as to make full appraisal of the situation and risk of collision
Rule 6
safe speed- every vessel shall proceed to safe speed to make proper and effective actions and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances
Rule 7
Risk of collision- shall any means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances determine if a collision exist. if there is doubt then such risks exist
Rule 8
action to avoid collision- any action to avoid collision, if the circumstances permit, be made positive and in ample time with due regards to good seamanship
Rule 9
Narrow channel- every vessel, when entering a narrow channel or a fairway shall at all times proceed to the outer limit of the channel that is located in the starboard side of the channel made safe and practicable
Rule 10
Traffic separation scheme- Every vessel shall follow the direction of the traffic flow. Keep clear of the separation zone and leave the traffic at the termination of lanes
Rule 11
application - Vessels in sight of one another
Rule 12
sailing vessels- sailing vessels approaching one another, one shall keep clear.
if each of the wind is the in different sides, vessel who has wind on port shall keep clear
if wind is on the same side, vessel on windward, shall keep clear from leewards side ship
Rule 13
overtaking- vessel shall determine if an overtaking situation exist. if a vessel is approaching 22.5 degrees abaft your beam, overtaking is determined. The vessel who is overtaking shall keep clear from the overtaken
Rule 14
head on situation- if a vessel is approaching each other reciprocal or near reciprocal. they shall both alter coarse to starboard and pass each other red to red
Rule 15
Crossing situation- Determine if a crossing situation exist. vessel tat is on out starboard shall proceed to her coarse to starboard and we have to give way and cross behind the target
Rule 16
Action by give way vessel- shall keep clear from other vessel, and take early and substantial actions to keep well
Rule 17
action by stand on Vessels- Stand on vessel shall stay at her course and speed
Rule 18
Responsibilities between vessels- A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; (iv) a sailing vessel.
(b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing.
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
under Rule 18
Vessels Not under command
Power driven vessels keep clear from
#restricted in her ability to maneuver
# vessel engaged in fishing
# Sailing Vessels
sailing vessels
#restricted ability to maneuver
#Engaged in fishing
Fishing vessel underway
#Not under command
#restricted ability to maneuver
Rule 19
Restricted visibility-
1 applies to vessels not on sight of one another
2 Power driven vessel shall proceed to safe speed and be ready for immediate maneuver
3 Shall comply with the rules of section 1 of part B
4 action taken when a vessel is located by radar alone shall determine if a risk of collision exist. if so, she shall take avoiding actions in ample time.
under R21
Definition
Masthead lights
Masthead light = White light on vessel’s centerline, visible over an arc of 225° except directly behind.
Sidelights = Green light on starboard side and red light on port side, each visible over an arc of 112.5° from almost directly ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on their respective sides. Can be combined for vessels under 20 meters in length.
Sternlight = White light near the stern, visible over an arc of 135° from directly behind to 67.5° off each side.
Towing light = Yellow light with the same characteristics (135° arc) as sternlight, used by vessels towing.
All-round light = Light visible from all directions around the vessel (360°).
Flashing light = Light that flashes regularly at a high rate (120 flashes or more per minute).
under R22
Visibility of lights
(a) In vessels of 50 m or more in length:
- a masthead light, 6 miles; - a sidelight, 3 miles; - a sternlight, 3 miles; - a towing light, 3 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles.
(b) In vessels of 12 m or more in length but less than than 50 m in length:
- a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 m, 3 miles; - a sidelight, 2 miles; - a sternlight, 2 miles; - a towing light, 2 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.
(c) In vessels of less than 12 m in length:
- a masthead light, 2 miles; - a sidelight, 1 miles; - a sternlight, 2 miles; - a towing light, 2 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.
(d) In inconspicuous, partly submerged vessels or objects being towed:
- a white all-round light, 3 miles.
rule 23
Power driven vessel underway
a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:
(i) a masthead light forward; (ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 m in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so; (iii) sidelights; (iv) a sternlight.
(b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light.
(c) A WIG craft only when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit a high intensity all-round flashing red light.
(d)
(i) A power-driven vessel of less than 12 m in length may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and sidelights; (ii) a power-driven vessel of less than 7 m in length whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights; (iii) the masthead light or all-round white light on a power-driven vessel of less than 12 m in length may be displaced from the fore-and-aft centreline of the vessel if centreline fitting is not practicable, provided that the sidelights are combined in one lantern which shall be carried on the fore-and-aft centreline of the vessel or located as nearly as practicable in the same fore-and-aft line as the masthead light or the all-round white light.
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A power-driven vessel under 50 m underway - lights
Rule 24
Towing and Pushing
Rule 25
Sailing vessels underway and under oars
Rule 26
Fishing vessels
Rule 27
Vessels not under command or restricted ability to manuever
Rule 28
Vessel’s constrained by her draught -
A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the lights prescribed for power-driven vessels in Rule 23, exhibit where they can best be seen three all-round red lights in a vertical line, or a cylinder.
Rule 29
Pilot Vessels -
(a) A vessel engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit:
(i) at or near the masthead, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being white and the lower red; (ii) when underway, in addition, sidelights and a sternlight; (iii) when at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in sub-paragraph (i), the light, lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30 for vessels at anchor.
(b) A pilot vessel when not engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed for a similar vessel of her length.
Rule 30
Anchored vessels and aground vessels
Rule 31
Seaplanes- Where it is impractical for a seaplane or a WIG craft to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of this part she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as is possible.
Rule 32
definition- Whistle = Sound device for maritime signals (meeting Annex III specifications).
Short blast = Whistle sound lasting about 1 second.
Prolonged blast = Whistle sound lasting 4 to 6 seconds.
Rule 33
equipment for sound signals -
Vessels 12m or more: Must have a whistle.
Vessels 20m or more: Must have a whistle and a bell.
Vessels 100m or more: Must have a whistle, bell, and a gong with a distinct sound.
Vessels under 12m: Not required to have whistle or bell, but must have another way to make a loud sound signal.
R34 B
(b) Any vessel may supplement the whistle signals prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule by light signals, repeated as appropriate, whilst the manoeuvre is being carried out:
One flash: Altering course to starboard. Two flashes: Altering course to port. Three flashes: Operating in reverse.
Each flash lasts about 1 second, with 1 second intervals and at least 10 seconds between entire signals.
The light used should be a white all-round light, visible for at least 5 miles.
R34 C
(c) When in sight of one another in a narrow channel or fairway:
(i)a vessel intending to overtake another vessel shall comply to rule 9. Indicate her action by providing whistle signals
- two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast to mean “I intend to overtake you on your starboard side”;
- two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts to mean “I intend to overtake you on your port side”.
(ii) the vessel about to be overtaken when acting in accordance with Rule 9 (e)(i) shall indicate her agreement by the following signal on her whistle:
- one prolonged, one short, one prolonged and one short blast, in that order.
R34 D
(d) if a vessel approaching one another both fail to understand each other’s intention or is in doubt of sufficient action taken by the other vessels to avoid collision.
-The vessel in doubt shall immediately sound 5 short and rapid blasts on the whistle and can be accompanied by 5 rapid flashes
R34 E and F
(e) A vessel approaching a bend or area where other vessels might be hidden should sound one long blast. Any nearby vessel that can hear this should respond with a long blast.
(f) If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more that 100 m, one whistle only shall be used for giving manoeuvring and warning signals.
Rule 35
sound signals and restricted visibility - In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows:
In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows:
(a) A power-driven vessel making way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast.
(b) A power-driven vessel underway but stopped and making no way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them.
(c) A vessel not under command, a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, a vessel constrained by her draught, a sailing vessel, a vessel engaged in fishing and a vessel engaged in towing or pushing another vessel shall, instead of the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule, sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes three blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by two short blasts.
(d) A vessel engaged in fishing, when at anchor, and a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when carrying out her work at anchor, shall instead of the signals prescribed in paragraph (g) of this Rule sound the signal prescribed in paragraph (c) of this Rule.
(e) A vessel towed or if more than one vessel is towed the last vessel of the tow, if manned, shall at intervals of not more than 2 minutes sound four blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by three short blasts. When practicable, this signal shall be made immediately after the signal made by the towing vessel.
(f) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and shall give the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) or this Rule.
(g) A vessel at anchor shall at intervals of not more than one minute ring the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. In a vessel of 100 m of more in length the bell shall be sounded in the forepart of the vessel and immediately after the ringing of the bell the gong shall be sounded rapidly for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel. A vessel at anchor may in addition sound three blasts in a succession, namely one short, one prolonged and one short blast, to give warning of her position and of the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel.
(h) A vessel aground shall give the bell signal and if required the gong signal prescribed in paragraph (g) of this Rule and shall, in addition, give three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after the rapid ringing of the bell. A vessel aground may in addition sound an appropriate whistle signal.
(i) A vessel of 12 m or more but less than 20 m in length shall not be obliged to give the bell signals prescribed in paragraphs (g) and (h) of this Rule. However, if she does not, she shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.
(j) A vessel of less than 12 m in length shall not be obliged to give the above-mentioned signals but, if she does not, shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.
(k) A pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may in addition to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (g) of this Rule sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.
Rule 36
Signals to attract attention-
Light signals: Any vessel can use special lights to attract attention, as long as those lights:
Aren't mistaken for standard navigation signals.
Aren't high-intensity, flashing, or distracting (like strobe lights).
Sound signals:
Similar to lights, vessels can use special sounds to get attention, provided the sounds aren’t confused with official signals.
Searchlight:
A vessel can direct its searchlight towards the other vessel, but must do so carefully to avoid causing problems (like blinding the other crew).
Essentially, this rule allows vessels to improvise when necessary to communicate with each other, but stresses the importance of doing so clearly and safely without causing confusion or disruption.
Rule 37
Distress signals -When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance she shall use or exhibit the signals described in Annex IV to these Regulations.
Rule 38
exemption
Part A General
1 application
2 responsibilities
3 general definition
Part B section 1 Steering and sailing rules
In any condition of visibility
4 application
5 lookout
6 safe speed
7 risk of colli
8 action to avoid collision
9 narrow channel
10 traffic separation scheme
Part B section 2
If vessels on sight of one another
11 application
12 sailing vessels
13 overtaking
14 head on situation
15 crossing situation
16 action by stand on
17 action by give way
18 responsibilities in the Job
Part B of section 3
19 Vessel restricted Visibility
Part C Lights and shapes
20 Application
21 definition
22 visibility of lights
23 Power driven vessel underway
24 Towing vessel
25 steering vessel underway and vessel under oar
26 Fishing vessel
27 Vessel not under command or restricted ability to manuever
28 vessel constrained by their draught
29 Pilot vessel
30 anchored vessel and vessel aground
31 seaplanes
Part D sound and lights signals
32 definition
33 equipment for sound signals
34 Maneuvering and warning signals
35 sound signals in restricted visibility
36 signals to attract attention
37 Distress signals
Part E Exemption
38 Exemption
Part F Verification of compliance with the provision of convention
39 Application
40 Definition
41 Verification of compliance
