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Aviation > Navigation > Flashcards

Navigation Flashcards

1
Q

Flying Altitudes

A

East is Odd, West is Even Odder

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2
Q

Magnetic Variation Reminder Phrase

A

East is Least, West is Best

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3
Q

WMG

A

Watch - Map - Ground

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4
Q

WMG Lost

A

Watch - Ground - Map

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5
Q

VOR Frequency Range

A

108.1 - 117.95

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6
Q

DME: VHF or UHF

A

UHF

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7
Q

Transponder Emergency

A

7700

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8
Q

transponder com’s failure

A

7600

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9
Q

Transponder 7500

A

Hijacking

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10
Q

VHF Range Ratio

A

50NM at 1500AGL

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11
Q

NDB Frequencies

A

Low/Med Freq, in kHz (AM)

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12
Q

VOR Reception Equation

A

1.23x (or 1.25) √ Height AGL

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13
Q

If you can’t hear the VOR morse code…

A

It means the station is unserviceable

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14
Q

Only published VOR radials (tracks)…

A

Are calibrated (+/- 3*)

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15
Q

One nautical mile is how many feet

A

6,080 feet

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16
Q

One statute mile is how many feet

A

5,280 feet

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17
Q

Magnetic Compass Lagging Acronym

A

UNOS (Undershoot when turning North, Overshoot when turning South)

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18
Q

ANDS

A

Accellerate North, Decellerate South

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19
Q

What is the ratio of nautical miles to statute miles?

A

1 NM to 1.15 SM

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20
Q

Cruising altitudes Southern Domestic Airspace are based on direction of flight as determined by:

A

Magnetic TRACK, not heading

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21
Q

120kts is how many nautical miles a minute

A

two nautical miles a minute

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22
Q

If wind is coming from around 45° to your direction of flight, assume it has an x effect on your ground speed.

A

2/3 the wind speed

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23
Q

SHP Checkpoint Procedure

A

Trim High Lean
TTT ETA ETA

Trim - Fly Over SHP with Aircraft Trimmed
Set HI
Lean Mixture
Time - Note
Turn - to Flight Heading
Track - Check Visually
ETA - Checkpoint
ETA - Destination

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24
Q

Diversions Procedure

A

Circle Circle Line Line Home Distance Time Fuel Talk

Heading
Obstacles
MEF (Max Elevation Figure)
ETO (Estimated Time Onroute)
Distance
Time (ETA)
Fuel (Hours)
Talk (FSS)

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25
Q

NOTAMN
NOTAMR
NOTAMJ
NOTAMC

A

NOTAMN - New change
NOTAMR - Replacement
NOTAMJ - RSC/CRFI NOTA
NOTAMC - Cancellation

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26
Q

How many satelites are required for a GPS signal

A

4

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27
Q

VOR

A

VHF Omnidirectional Rangefinder
108.1 - 117.95 mHz (The VHF band)
Morse code identifiers

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28
Q
A

VOR

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29
Q

DME

A

Distance Measuring Equipment
Operates on the UHF band

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30
Q
A

DME

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31
Q

ADF

A

Automatic Direction Finder
It uses the NDB (kHz / Low Freq)

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32
Q
A

NDB Non Directional Beacon

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33
Q

Mode C Transponder vs Mode S

A

Mode C transmits altitude
Mode S is enhanced, ident is transmitted too

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34
Q
A

Commercial Broadcasting Location

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35
Q

What is the HF equivalent to 126.7
(for operating in Northern Canada)

A

5680 is the HF Frequency for operating in Northern Canada

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36
Q

Day, and Night, CARs VFR fuel contingency

A

30min Day
45min Night

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37
Q

What uses UHF?

A

DME and Military TACAN

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38
Q

If a heading of 250°M maintains your outbound track of 242°M, the required heading to maintain the reciprocal track back to your departure point would be:

A

The purpose of this question is to help you comprehend how wind affects your heading, as you likely know by now that your heading and your track are rarely ever the same due to the effect of wind.

If you got this question incorrect, you can check out video 3.3.5 Calculating Return to Departure for a detailed explanation.

The correct answer is: 054ºM.

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39
Q
A

Aerodrome Beacon

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40
Q
A

Hazard Beacon

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41
Q
A

ARCAL
(if no box, non-ARCAL lighting)

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42
Q
A

Restricted Aerodrome

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43
Q

(M) beside name of aerodrome

A

Military Aerodrome

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44
Q

True Airspeed is always ____ than Calibrated Airspeed

A

More!

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45
Q

About 120° Radar Triangles

A

Right = Only receiver is operating
Left = Receiver and Transmitter both non functional

Fly two-minute legs

Higher is better for Radar.

Turn on your lights to assist intercepting rescue craft!

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46
Q

Name these three symbols

A

TACAN
VORTAC
Radio Aid (such as a civ radio station)

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47
Q

PAL

A

Peripheral station

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48
Q

(AU)

A

Approach Unicom

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49
Q

What type of chart projection is used for a VNC chart?

A

**Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
**
The VFR Navigation Charts (VNC Series) and the World Aeronautical Charts (WAC Series) are based on the Lambert Conformal Conic Projections.

Characteristics of Lambert Conformal Conic Projection:

  1. Meridians are curves or straight lines converging towards the nearer pole.
  2. Parallels of latitude are curves which are concave towards the nearer pole.
  3. The scale of distance is practically uniform throughout the entire map sheet.
  4. A straight line drawn between 2 points may be assumed to represent an arc of a great circle.
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50
Q

What type of chart projection is used for a VTA chart?

A

Transverse Mercator Projection.

Similar to the Mercator Projection of the earth’s surface projected onto a cylinder, the Transverse Mercator rotates this type of projection 90º so that it is centred on a line of meridian rather than the equator. This provides a chart that is very accurate at small distances along a line of meridian. Therefore, this type of projection (Transverse Mercator) is used for VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTA Series) with an aspect ratio of 1:250,000 for a very accurate and detailed chart of a terminal area (airport).

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51
Q

What is a great circle?

A

A line that cuts the earth perfectly in half, and represents the shortest distance between two points.

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52
Q

When appearing on VNC aerodrome title

A

Limited hours

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53
Q
A

Hard surface runway

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54
Q
A

Day Landing Distance

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55
Q
A

Mandatory Frequency

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56
Q
A

Aerodrome Frequency

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57
Q
A

Unicom (Private Advisory Station)

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58
Q
A

Common Traffic Frequency

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59
Q
A

Sheltered Mooring Area

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60
Q
A

Hard surface runway (short)

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61
Q
A

Controlled Area Boundary

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62
Q
A

VHF/UHF Airway Centre Line

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63
Q
A

LF/MF Airway Centre Line

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64
Q
A

Air Route Centre Line

65
Q
A

Military Training Route

66
Q
A

VFR Route

67
Q
A

Cumpulsory/on Request Reporting Points

68
Q
A

Changeover Point

69
Q
A

Airspace Boundary (Class as indicated)

70
Q
A

Transponder Mode C required

71
Q
A

Boundary between controlled areas with different floors. Floors are 2200ft AGL in Canada and 1200ft AGL in the USA unless otherwise Indicated. 700ft is AGL.

72
Q
A

Class B Control Zone

73
Q
A

Class C or D Control Zone

74
Q
A

Class E Control Zone

75
Q
A

Class F Airspace

76
Q
A

Ultra-Light

77
Q
A

Training

78
Q
A

Soaring

79
Q
A

Heavy-Line Box indicates an FSS (Flight Service Station)

80
Q
A

Private Air/Ground Station

81
Q
A

Community Aerodrome Radio Station (Airport Radio)

82
Q
A

Obstruction(s) 1000ft AGL or higher

83
Q
A

Obstruction(s) below 1000 AGL

84
Q
A

Lines of equal magnetic variation

85
Q
A

Prominent Transmission Lines

86
Q
A

Cable Span

87
Q
A

Marine Light White unless annotated.

88
Q
A

MEF (Maximum Elevation Figure, ASL CHECK). Add your safety margin on top!

89
Q
A

Limit of Territorial Sea

90
Q
A

Non-Perennial Lake

91
Q
A

Non-Perennial Stream or Coastline

92
Q
A

Locks

93
Q
A

Rocks-bare or awash

94
Q
A

Swamp or Marsh

95
Q
A

Land subject to inundation

96
Q
A

String Bog

97
Q
A

Rocky Reef (Ledge)

98
Q
A

Esker

99
Q
A

Morraine

100
Q
A

Dykes

101
Q
A

Sand

102
Q
A

Cliff or Depression

103
Q
A

Single Track Railroad

104
Q
A

Double Track Railroad

105
Q
A

Abandoned Railroad

106
Q
A

Spot Elevation (Based on unreliable data)

107
Q
A

Mountain Pass

108
Q
A

Tunnel

109
Q
A

Lookout Tower

110
Q
A

Building

111
Q
A

Silo

112
Q
A

Well

113
Q
A
114
Q
A

Power Transmission Line

115
Q
A

Aerial Cableway, Ski Lift, or Similar

116
Q
A

EVEN Cruising Altitude indicated by pointed end of box

117
Q
A

Blasting Area (Do not overfly less than 3000 AGL)

118
Q
A

Hard Surface Runway

119
Q
A

Under construction, closed, or abandoned surface

119
Q
A

Sand, gravel, turf, etc. runway

120
Q
A

Displaced runway threshold

121
Q
A

Taxiway, apron, or holding bay

122
Q
A

Obstruction light

123
Q
A

Landing direction indicator

124
Q
A

Wind direction indicator

125
Q
A

Helicopter routes

126
Q
A

Unidirectional arrestor cable

127
Q
A

Bidirectional arrester cable

128
Q
A

Arresting Barrier

129
Q
A

Trees

130
Q
A

Fence

131
Q
A

Noise Sensitive Area

132
Q
A

Built-up areas

133
Q
A

Cemetery

134
Q
A

Instrument Approach Waypoint

135
Q
A

VFR checkpoint prior to entry of specified class of airspace

136
Q
A

VFR checkpoint prior to Control Zone entry

137
Q
A

Heliport (Regular)

138
Q
A

Hospital Heliport

139
Q
A

FATO (final approach and Takeoff area)

140
Q
A

Heliport Parking Pad

141
Q
A

Aerodrome Status Unknown

142
Q
A

Abandoned Aerodrome

143
Q
A

Land Aerodrome

144
Q
A

Obstacle Clearance Circle, notes the height of the highest obstruction ASL plus 1000ft.

145
Q

TE (Lighting)

A
146
Q

AS (Lighting)

A
147
Q

P1 and P2 (Lighting)

A

P1 = PAPI for eye-to-wheel height up to 10’

P2 = PAPI for eye-to-wheel height up to 25’

148
Q
A

White = too high
Red = too low

149
Q

RNAV
Q-Route
T-Route
L-Route

A

RNAV
Q-Route - High-Level Fixed
T-Route - Low-Level Controlled (extends upward from 2,200 AGL)
L-Route - Low Level UNcontrolled (requiring GNSS RNAV systems)

150
Q

Mountainous Regions Special Rules
Areas 1 and 5
Areas 2,3,4

A

Areas 1 and 5: 2000ft above highest obstacle within 5NM of aircraft
Areas 2,3,4: 1500ft above the highest obstacle withing 5NM

151
Q

GPS is based on a constellation of how many Satelites orbiting the earth

A

24

152
Q

1:60 Rule

A

If a plane’s heading is off by 1 degree, after 60 nautical miles (nm) the aircraft will be a mile off-course.

153
Q

Class B airspace is all controlled airspace:

A

Above 12,500 ASL, up to but not including 18,000

154
Q

Low Level Airway vs. Low Level Air Route

A

Airway is controlled 2200 AGL - 18000 ASL

Air Route is uncontrolled and extends from the ground.

155
Q

Width of Low Level Airways

A

Airways based on VORs/VORTACs: 4NM

Airways based on NDBs: 4.34NM

156
Q

Code 1200 for:
Code 1400 for:

A

1200 AT or BELOW 12,500 ASL

1400 ABOVE 12,500 ASL

“12s gotta stick together

157
Q

High Level begins at
Arctic
Northern
Southern

A

Arctic FL270
Northern FL230
Southern FL180

158
Q

X Country Altitude Sayings

A

From warm to cold, don’t be bold! (colder means your true altitude will be lower than indicated)

High to low, look out below!
(Lower pressure means your true altitude will be lower than indicated)

Aviation (5 decks)

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