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ITC EXAM 2019 > NAVEDTRA 14196A, NAVY ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS SERIES MODULE 24-FIBER OPTICS > Flashcards

NAVEDTRA 14196A, NAVY ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS SERIES MODULE 24-FIBER OPTICS Flashcards

1
Q

What can be defined as a recurring disturbance advancing through space with or without the use of physical medium?

A

Wave motion

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2
Q

Who collected the four fundamental equations that completely describe the behavior of the electromagnetic fields?

A

James Clerk Maxwell

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3
Q

What are Quanta known as when referring to light energy?

A

Photons

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4
Q

What is the approximate speed of light?

A

186,000 miles per second

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5
Q

Which type of wave motion is represented by the motion of water?

A

Transverse-wave motion

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6
Q

Which type of substances transmit almost all the light waves falling upon them?

A

Transparent

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7
Q

Which type of substances either reflect or absorb all the light rays that fall upon them?

A

Opaque

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8
Q

What is the wave called that strikes a reflecting surface?

A

Incident

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9
Q

What are substances called through which some light rays can pass, but through which objects cannot be seen clearly because the rays are diffused?

A

Translucent

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10
Q

What is the imaginary line perpendicular to the point at which the incident wave strikes the reflecting surface called?

A

Normal

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11
Q

What is the angle between the incident wave and the normal called?

A

Angle of incidence

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12
Q

Which law states that “the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection”?

A

Law of reflection

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13
Q

What is the angle called between the normal and the path of light wave through a second medium?

A

Angle of refraction

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14
Q

How many different methods are used to describe how light is transmitted along the optical fiber

A

2

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15
Q

What measures the speed of light in an optical medium?

A

Index of refraction

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16
Q

What is the index of refraction for glass?

A

1.50

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17
Q

What is the index of refraction for air?

A

1.00

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18
Q

Which law is used to describe the relationship between the incident and the refracted rays at the boundary?

A

Snell’s Law of Refraction

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19
Q

How many parts does the basic structure of an optical fiber consist of?

A

3

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20
Q

What is the layer of material called that surrounds the core in optical fiber?

A

Cladding

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21
Q

What is the layer of material called that surrounds the cladding in optical fiber?

A

Coating or Buffer

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22
Q

Which theory is used to approximate the light acceptance and guiding properties of optical fibers?

A

Ray

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23
Q

Which theory describes the behavior of light within an optical fiber?

A

Mode

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24
Q

How many different types of rays can propagate along an optical fiber?

A

2

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25
Q

Which type of rays pass through the axis of the optical fiber?

A

Meridional

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26
Q

Which type of rays travel through an optical fiber without passing through its axis?

A

Skew

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27
Q

Which classification of meridional rays remain in the core and propagate along the axis of the fiber?

A

Bound

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28
Q

What is a measurement of the ability of an optical fiber to capture light?

A

Numerical Aperture (NA)

29
Q

What are the typical NA values for glass fibers?

A

0.20-0.29

30
Q

Which type of wave is a wave whose surfaces of constant phase are infinite parallel planes normal to the direction of propagation?

A

Plane

31
Q

What is an optical fiber that operates above the cutoff wavelength called?

A

Single mode fiber

32
Q

What is an optical fiber that operates below the cutoff wavelength called?

A

Multimode fiber

33
Q

What is a set of guided electromagnetic waves called in relation to optical fiber?

A

Modes

34
Q

What is the exchange of power between two modes called?

A

Mode coupling

35
Q

What determines how many modes a fiber can support?

A

Normalized frequency

36
Q

How many types are optical fibers classified into?

A

2

37
Q

Around how many micrometers (m) is the typical core size of single mode fibers?

A

8-10

38
Q

What is the spreading of light as light propagates along a fiber called?

A

Dispersion

39
Q

Over how many modes can be propagated by multimode fibers?

A

100

40
Q

Which type of cable will support 125m links at 40 and 100 Gbit/s?

A

OM4

41
Q

OM3 fibers provide sufficient bandwidth to support 10 Gigabit Ethernet up to how many meters?

A

300

42
Q

OM4 fibers provide sufficient bandwidth to support 10 Gigabit Ethernet up to how many meters?

A

550

43
Q

What is the maximum modulation rate of LEDs because they cannot be turned on/off fast enough to support higher bandwidth applications?

A

622 Mbit/s

44
Q

Which jacket color is recommended for 50/125 um “Laser Optimized” OM3 and OM4 fiber?

A

Aqua

45
Q

Which effect is caused by the different speeds of the individual modes in a light pulse?

A

Modal dispersion

46
Q

What is an optical fiber which is made out of plastic?

A

Plastic Optical Fiber (POF)

47
Q

What is the maximum distance of Hard Clad Silica (HCS) fibers?

A

2 kilometers

48
Q

Which type of optical fiber has a silica based core and a plastic cladding and in general have significantly lower performance characteristics, higher transmission losses, and lower bandwidths than all glass fibers?

A

Plastic Clad Silica (PCS)

49
Q

What reduces the amount of optical power transmitted by the fiber?

A

Attenuation

50
Q

What spreads the optical pulse as it travels along the fiber?

A

Dispersion

51
Q

What is defined as the portion of attenuation resulting from the conversion of optical power into another form?

A

Absorption

52
Q

Which type of absorption is caused by basic fiber-material properties?

A

Intrinsic

53
Q

Which type of fibers are predominately used in fiber optics because of their low intrinsic material absorption at the wavelengths of operation?

A

Silica

54
Q

In silica glass, the wavelengths of operation range from 700 nm to how many nm?

A

1600

55
Q

Which type of absorption is caused by impurities introduced into their fiber material?

A

Extrinsic

56
Q

Which type of losses are caused by the interaction of light with density fluctuations within a fiber?

A

Scattering

57
Q

What is the main source of loss called in commercial fibers operating between 700nm and 1600nm wavelength?

A

Rayleigh scattering

58
Q

What is scattering called if the size of the defect is greater than one-tenth of the wave length of light?

A

Mie scattering

59
Q

What are small microscopic bends of the fiber axis that occur mainly when a fiber is cabled?

A

Microbends

60
Q

What is the spreading of a pulse of light as it travels down the length of an optical fiber that limits the bandwidth

A

Dispersion

61
Q

How many different types of dispersion are there?

A

5

62
Q

Modal dispersion only occurs in which type of fibers?

A

Multimode

63
Q

Which type of dispersion occurs because different wavelengths (colors) also travel at different velocities through a fiber, even in the same mode?

A

Material

64
Q

What specifies the range of wavelengths that can propagate in the fiber?

A

Spectral width

65
Q

What is the spectral width of a laser diode?

A

.1nm-3nm

66
Q

Which type of dispersion occurs because the mode propagation constant is a function of the size of the fiber’s core relative to the wavelength of operation?

A

Waveguide

67
Q

Which type of fiber is waveguide dispersion the most significant?

A

Single-mode

68
Q

Which term is given to the phenomenon by which different spectral components of a light pulse travel at distant speeds?

A

Chromatic Dispersion (CD)

69
Q

Which type of wave motion describes the up and down wave motion that is at a right angle to the outward motion of the waves?

A

Transverse

ITC EXAM 2019 (18 decks)

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